SpringMVC源码 3.3 DispatchServlet逻辑处理
FramewServlet请求引导
我们知道在HttpServlet中提供了相应的服务方法,他们是doDelete、doGet、doPost、doPut、doOption、doTrace,他们根据请求的不同形式引导至相应的函数进行处理。我们最常用的无非是doGet和doPost两个方法。
在FrameworkServlet对HttpServlet的各个do方法进行了重写。一下是doGet和doPost在FrameworkServlet中的实现。
在不同的方法中,Spring并没有做特殊处理,而是将程序再次统一引导至processRequest(request, response);方法
FrameworkServlet.doGet/doPost()
@Override
protected final void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {
processRequest(request, response);
}
@Override
protected final void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {
processRequest(request, response);
}
FramewServlet和DispatchServlet对请求准备工作
在processRequest方法中,开始对请求做了一些处理,主要是一些准备工作,具体的细节继续封装到可doService函数中。主要做了以下的一些准备工作。
(1)为了保证当前的线程中的LocaleContext和RequestAttribute这两个属性在当前请求之后还能够被恢复,所以先提取这两个属性保存起来
(2)根据当前Request创建对应的LocaleContext和RequestAttribute,并绑定到当前线程
(3)将请求委托给doService函数,继续进行处理
(4)请求处理结束后,恢复线程到原始状态
(5)请求处理结束后无论成功与否都发布事件通知。
FrameworkServlet.processRequest()
protected final void processRequest(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {
long startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
Throwable failureCause = null;
LocaleContext previousLocaleContext = LocaleContextHolder.getLocaleContext();
LocaleContext localeContext = buildLocaleContext(request);
RequestAttributes previousAttributes = RequestContextHolder.getRequestAttributes();
ServletRequestAttributes requestAttributes = buildRequestAttributes(request, response, previousAttributes);
WebAsyncManager asyncManager = WebAsyncUtils.getAsyncManager(request);
asyncManager.registerCallableInterceptor(FrameworkServlet.class.getName(), new RequestBindingInterceptor());
initContextHolders(request, localeContext, requestAttributes);
try {
doService(request, response);
}catch (ServletException ex) {
failureCause = ex;
throw ex;
}catch (IOException ex) {
failureCause = ex;
throw ex;
}catch (Throwable ex) {
failureCause = ex;
throw new NestedServletException("Request processing failed", ex);
}
finally {
resetContextHolders(request, previousLocaleContext, previousAttributes);
if (requestAttributes != null) {
requestAttributes.requestCompleted();
}
if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
if (failureCause != null) {
this.logger.debug("Could not complete request", failureCause);
}else {
if (asyncManager.isConcurrentHandlingStarted()) {
logger.debug("Leaving response open for concurrent processing");
}else {
this.logger.debug("Successfully completed request");
}
}
}
publishRequestHandledEvent(request, response, startTime, failureCause);
}
}
在DispatchServlet.doService()中,仍然没有对Handler之类的处理。依旧是一些准备工作。
(1)将DispatchServlet初始化中创建的组件,添加到Request属性中,这些属性在接下来对Request的处理中使用。
(2)进入doDispatch函数,也就是真正的请求处理逻辑
DispatchServlet.doService()
protected void doService(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
.....
}
.......
// Make framework objects available to handlers and view objects.
request.setAttribute(WEB_APPLICATION_CONTEXT_ATTRIBUTE, getWebApplicationContext());
request.setAttribute(LOCALE_RESOLVER_ATTRIBUTE, this.localeResolver);
request.setAttribute(THEME_RESOLVER_ATTRIBUTE, this.themeResolver);
request.setAttribute(THEME_SOURCE_ATTRIBUTE, getThemeSource());
FlashMap inputFlashMap = this.flashMapManager.retrieveAndUpdate(request, response);
if (inputFlashMap != null) {
request.setAttribute(INPUT_FLASH_MAP_ATTRIBUTE, Collections.unmodifiableMap(inputFlashMap));
}
request.setAttribute(OUTPUT_FLASH_MAP_ATTRIBUTE, new FlashMap());
request.setAttribute(FLASH_MAP_MANAGER_ATTRIBUTE, this.flashMapManager);
try {
doDispatch(request, response);
} finally {
if (!WebAsyncUtils.getAsyncManager(request).isConcurrentHandlingStarted()) {
// Restore the original attribute snapshot, in case of an include.
if (attributesSnapshot != null) {
restoreAttributesAfterInclude(request, attributesSnapshot);
}
}
}
}
DispatchServlet真正的逻辑处理 doDispatch()
在doDispatch函数中开始了真正处理请求的逻辑。主要分成以下几个步骤:
(1)检查是否存在MultipartResolver组件、是否为Multipart类型的Request。如果是的话返回MultipartHttpServletRequest
(2)通过request信息寻找可用的Handler
(3)已经获得了Handler的情况下,根据Handler匹配对应的HandlerAdapter
(4)调用Handler,返回视图
(5)对于视图的处理
DispatchServlet.doDispatch()
protected void doDispatch(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
HttpServletRequest processedRequest = request;
HandlerExecutionChain mappedHandler = null;
boolean multipartRequestParsed = false;
WebAsyncManager asyncManager = WebAsyncUtils.getAsyncManager(request);
try {
ModelAndView mv = null;
Exception dispatchException = null;
try {
//判断是否存在MultipartResolver组件、判断是否为Multipart类型的Request,如果通过返回MultipartHttpServletRequest,不通过返回原来的request。
processedRequest = checkMultipart(request);
multipartRequestParsed = (processedRequest != request);
// Determine handler for the current request.
// 根据request信息寻找可用的Handler。
mappedHandler = getHandler(processedRequest);
if (mappedHandler == null || mappedHandler.getHandler() == null) {
//如果没有可以匹配的Handler则通过response返回错误信息
noHandlerFound(processedRequest, response);
return;
}
// Determine handler adapter for the current request.
//根据当前可用的Handler寻找对应的HandlerAdapter
HandlerAdapter ha = getHandlerAdapter(mappedHandler.getHandler());
// Process last-modified header, if supported by the handler.
String method = request.getMethod();
boolean isGet = "GET".equals(method);
if (isGet || "HEAD".equals(method)) {
long lastModified = ha.getLastModified(request, mappedHandler.getHandler());
if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
logger.debug("Last-Modified value for [" + getRequestUri(request) + "] is: " + lastModified);
}
if (new ServletWebRequest(request, response).checkNotModified(lastModified) && isGet) {
return;
}
}
if (!mappedHandler.applyPreHandle(processedRequest, response)) {
return;
}
// Actually invoke the handler.
// 真正调用handler,并返回视图
mv = ha.handle(processedRequest, response, mappedHandler.getHandler());
if (asyncManager.isConcurrentHandlingStarted()) {
return;
}
applyDefaultViewName(request, mv);
mappedHandler.applyPostHandle(processedRequest, response, mv);
} catch (Exception ex) {
dispatchException = ex;
}
processDispatchResult(processedRequest, response, mappedHandler, mv, dispatchException);
} catch (Exception ex) {
triggerAfterCompletion(processedRequest, response, mappedHandler, ex);
} catch (Error err) {
triggerAfterCompletionWithError(processedRequest, response, mappedHandler, err);
} finally {
if (asyncManager.isConcurrentHandlingStarted()) {
// Instead of postHandle and afterCompletion
if (mappedHandler != null) {
mappedHandler.applyAfterConcurrentHandlingStarted(processedRequest, response);
}
} else {
// Clean up any resources used by a multipart request.
if (multipartRequestParsed) {
cleanupMultipart(processedRequest);
}
}
}
}
遍历HandlerMapping获取匹配Request的Handler
在getHandler函数中,遍历了DispatchServlet中初始化的HandlerMappings数组,顺序如下:
RequestMappingHandlerMapping
,BeanNameUrlHandlerMapping,
SimpleUrlHandlerMapping。
调用hm.getHandler,看是否能返回匹配的HandlerExecutionChain。hm.getHandler是定义在AbstractHandlerMapping中的。
其实在匹配过程中并不需要匹配HandlerMapping,只需要遍历HandlerMapping,然后去用这个HandlerMapping根据Request匹配出Handler,能匹配出Handler就可以了,然后通过HandlerExecutionChain返回
DispatchServlet.getHandler()
protected HandlerExecutionChain getHandler(HttpServletRequest request) throws Exception {
for (HandlerMapping hm : this.handlerMappings) {
if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
logger.trace("Testing handler map [" + hm + "] in DispatcherServlet with name '" + getServletName() + "'");
}
HandlerExecutionChain handler =
hm.getHandler(request);
if (handler != null) { return handler; }
}
return null;
}
函数首先或调用getHandlerInternal函数,根据request获取对应的Handler.如果没有找到对应的Handler则会去匹配默认的Handler,还是没有找到默认的handler就会返回null。要是找到的Handler是String类型的时候,那就意味着返回的是配置的bean的名称,需要更具bean的名称在容器中找到对应的bean。最后通过getHandlerExecutionChain方法对Handler进行封装。
AbstractHandlerMapping .getHandler()
public final HandlerExecutionChain getHandler(HttpServletRequest request) throws Exception {
Object handler = getHandlerInternal(request);
if (handler == null) {
handler = getDefaultHandler();
}
if (handler == null) {
return null;
}
// Bean name or resolved handler?
if (handler instanceof String) {
String handlerName = (String) handler;
handler = getApplicationContext().getBean(handlerName);
}
return getHandlerExecutionChain(handler, request);
}
在AbstractHandlerMethodMapping和AbstractURLHandlerMapping中对getHandlerInternal(request)有具体的实现。也是从HandlerMapping中匹配出Handler具体逻辑。
AbstractHandlerMapping
----AbstractHandlerMethodMapping<T>
--------RequestMappingInfoHandlerMapping extends AbstractHandlerMethodMapping<RequestMappingInfo>
------------RequestMappingHandlerMapping (代替了原来的DefaultAnnotationHandlerMapping)
----AbstractURLHandlerMapping
--------BeanNameUrlHandlerMapping
--------SimpleUrlHandlerMapping
--------DefaultAnnotationHandlerMapping(废弃)
(1)首先根据request信息获取对应的request路径lookupPath
(2)通过lookupPath在RequestMappingInfoHandlerMapping.urlMap中匹配出对应的RequestMappingInfo。
MultiValueMap<String, > urlMap = new LinkedMultiValueMap<String, RequestMappingInfo >();
(3)已经获取了requestUri对应的RequestMappingInfo,然后根据RequestMappingInfo从RequestMappingInfoHandlerMapping.handlerMethods中获取HandlerMethod
Map<RequestMappingInfo , HandlerMethod> handlerMethods = new LinkedHashMap<RequestMappingInfo , HandlerMethod>();
(4)将HandlerMethod封装为HandlerExecutionXChain
额外:
urlMap,
handlerMethods这两个RequestMappingHandlerMapping中的属性,是在初始化的时候加载的。加载了@Controller和@RequestMapping注解的类和函数
afterPropertiesSet() -> initHandlerMethods() -> detectHandlerMethods(String beanName); 中查看源代码。
(1)在ApplicationContext中获取所有的bean的name。String[] beanNames = getApplicationContext().getBeanNamesForType(Object.class)
(2)遍历beanNames,判断是不是RequestMappingHandlerMapping需要的Handler。
protected boolean isHandler(Class<?> beanType) {
return ((AnnotationUtils.findAnnotation(beanType, Controller.class) != null) ||
(AnnotationUtils.findAnnotation(beanType, RequestMapping.class) != null));
}
(3)根据匹配出来的bean,然后从中@RequestMapping定义的uri和对应的方法MethodHandler组成对应
AbstractHandlerMethodMapping.gethandlerInternal()
AbstractHandlerMethodMapping.lookupHandlerMethod()
protected HandlerMethod getHandlerInternal(HttpServletRequest request) throws Exception {
//根据request获取对应的路径, 请求路径为/captchaService/v1/getCaptcha,lookupPath为/v1/getCaptcha,去掉了ContentPath,留下了RequestUri
String lookupPath = getUrlPathHelper().getLookupPathForRequest(request);
if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
logger.debug("Looking up handler method for path " + lookupPath);
}
//匹配需要的Handler
HandlerMethod handlerMethod = lookupHandlerMethod(lookupPath, request);
if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
........
}
return (handlerMethod != null ? handlerMethod.createWithResolvedBean() : null);
}
protected HandlerMethod lookupHandlerMethod(String lookupPath, HttpServletRequest request) throws Exception {
List<Match> matches = new ArrayList<Match>();
List<
RequestMappingInfo
> directPathMatches = this.urlMap.get(lookupPath);
if (directPathMatches != null) {
addMatchingMappings(directPathMatches, matches, request);
}
if (matches.isEmpty()) {
// No choice but to go through all mappings...
addMatchingMappings(this.handlerMethods.keySet(), matches, request);
}
if (!matches.isEmpty()) {
Comparator<Match> comparator = new MatchComparator(getMappingComparator(request));
Collections.sort(matches, comparator);
if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
logger.trace("Found " + matches.size() + " matching mapping(s) for [" + lookupPath + "] : " + matches);
}
Match bestMatch = matches.get(0);
if (matches.size() > 1) {
Match secondBestMatch = matches.get(1);
if (comparator.compare(bestMatch, secondBestMatch) == 0) {
Method m1 = bestMatch.handlerMethod.getMethod();
Method m2 = secondBestMatch.handlerMethod.getMethod();
throw new IllegalStateException(
"Ambiguous handler methods mapped for HTTP path '" + request.getRequestURL() + "': {" +
m1 + ", " + m2 + "}");
}
}
handleMatch(bestMatch.mapping, lookupPath, request);
return bestMatch.handlerMethod;
}
else {
return handleNoMatch(handlerMethods.keySet(), lookupPath, request);
}
}
private void addMatchingMappings(Collection<RequestMappingInfo> mappings, List<Match> matches, HttpServletRequest request) {
for (RequestMappingInfo mapping : mappings) {
RequestMappingInfo match = getMatchingMapping(mapping, request);
if (match != null) {
matches.add(new Match(match, this.handlerMethods.get(mapping)));
}
}
}
根据获取到Handler匹配合适的HandlerAdapter
遍历HandlerAdapter,然后匹配当前hanler是否满足要求,如果满足则返回这个HandlerAdapter
protected HandlerAdapter getHandlerAdapter(Object handler) throws ServletException {
for (HandlerAdapter ha : this.handlerAdapters) {
if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
logger.trace("Testing handler adapter [" + ha + "]");
}
if (
ha.supports(handler)
) {
return ha;
}
}
throw new ServletException("No adapter for handler [" + handler +
"]: The DispatcherServlet configuration needs to include a HandlerAdapter that supports this handler");
}
HttpRequestHandlerAdapter
public boolean supports(Object handler) {
return (handler instanceof HttpRequestHandler);
}
SimpleControllerHandlerAdapter
public boolean supports(Object handler) {
return (handler instanceof Controller);
}
AbstractHandlerMethodAdapter
public final boolean supports(Object handler) {
return (handler instanceof HandlerMethod && true);
}
使用HandlerAdapter处理Handler,获取请求结果