C++笔记（二十）类模板

//Student.h

/*
私有继承：使用私有继承，基类的共有成员和保护成员都将成为派生类的私有成员
多重继承：表示可以有多个基类。
*/
#ifndef STUDENT
#define STUDENT
#include<iostream>
#include<string>
#include<array>


using std::string;
using std::cout;
using std::endl;
using std::array;

//名称类
class Name
{
protected:
    string name;
public:
    Name();
    Name(string namep);
    string getName();
};


//分数类
class Score
{
protected:
    array<double,3> scores;
public:
    Score();
    Score(double score0, double score1, double score2);
    array<double, 3> getScores();
};

class Student : private Name,private Score //私有多重继承
{
public:
    Student();
    Student(string namep,double score0, double score1, double score2 );
    ~Student();
    friend std::ostream & operator<<(std::ostream &os, const Student &stu);
};

#endif // !STUDENT

//student.cpp
#include "Student.h"


Name::Name() {
    name = "none";
}

Name::Name(string namep) {
    name = namep;
}

string Name::getName() {
    return name;
}

Score::Score() {
    scores[0] = 0.0;
    scores[1] = 0.0;
    scores[2] = 0.0;
}

Score::Score(double score0, double score1, double score2) {
    scores[0] = score0;
    scores[1] = score1;
    scores[2] = score2;
}

array<double, 3> Score::getScores() {
    return scores;
}

Student::Student():Name(),Score()
{
}

Student::Student(string namep, double score0, double score1, double score2):Name(namep),Score(score0,score1,score2) {
}


Student::~Student()
{
}

std::ostream & operator<<(std::ostream &os, const Student &stu) {
    cout << "name:" << stu.name << " scores:" << stu.scores[0] << "," << stu.scores[1] << "," << stu.scores[2] << endl;
    return os;
}

int mainstudent() {
    Student stu = Student("yueer",90.1,95.5,100);
    cout << stu << endl;

    //stu.getName(); 私有继承后外部不可访问基类中的成员函数

    return 0;
}

//Stack.h

/*
使用template 定义模版
*/
#ifndef STACKN
#define STACKN

template <class Type>

class Stackn
{
private:
    enum {MAX=5};
    Type items[MAX];
    int top;
public:
    Stackn();
    bool isEmpty();
    bool isFull();
    bool push(const Type &item);
    bool pop(Type &item);
};

#endif // !STACKN

//Stackn.cpp
#include "Stackn.h"
#include "Student.h"
#include<iostream>

using std::count;
using std::endl;

template <class Type>
Stackn<Type>::Stackn()
{
    top = 0;
}


template <class Type>
bool Stackn<Type>::isEmpty()
{
    return top == 0;
}

template <class Type>
bool Stackn<Type>::isFull()
{
    return top == MAX;
}

template <class Type>
bool Stackn<Type>::push(const Type &item) {
    if (isFull()) {
        cout << "stack is full" << endl;
        return false;
    }

    items[top++] = item;
    cout << "push stack[" << top - 1 << "] = " << item ;
    return true;
}

template <class Type>
bool Stackn<Type>::pop(Type &item) {
    if (isEmpty()) {
        cout << "stack is empty" << endl;
        return false;
    }

    item = items[--top];
    cout << "pop stack[" << top << "] = " << item ;
    return true;
}


int main() {
    Student stu10("aaa", 1.1, 1.1, 1.1);
    Student stu11("bbb", 2.1, 2.1, 2.1);
    Student stu12("ccc", 1.1, 1.1, 1.1);
    Student stu13("ddd", 1.1, 1.1, 1.1);
    Student stu14("eee", 1.1, 1.1, 1.1);
    Student stu15("fff", 1.1, 1.1, 1.1);

    Stackn<Student> stackn;
    stackn.push(stu10);
    stackn.push(stu11);
    stackn.push(stu12);
    stackn.push(stu13);
    stackn.push(stu14);
    stackn.push(stu15);

    Student stu;
    stackn.pop(stu);
    stackn.pop(stu);
    stackn.pop(stu);
    stackn.pop(stu);
    stackn.pop(stu);
    stackn.pop(stu);

    cout << stu << endl;
    return 0;
}

输出结果：

push stack[0] = name:aaa scores:1.1,1.1,1.1
push stack[1] = name:bbb scores:2.1,2.1,2.1
push stack[2] = name:ccc scores:1.1,1.1,1.1
push stack[3] = name:ddd scores:1.1,1.1,1.1
push stack[4] = name:eee scores:1.1,1.1,1.1
stack is full
pop stack[4] = name:eee scores:1.1,1.1,1.1
pop stack[3] = name:ddd scores:1.1,1.1,1.1
pop stack[2] = name:ccc scores:1.1,1.1,1.1
pop stack[1] = name:bbb scores:2.1,2.1,2.1
pop stack[0] = name:aaa scores:1.1,1.1,1.1
stack is empty
name:aaa scores:1.1,1.1,1.1