NSThread看名字也知道是跟线程相关的,不像GCD,看着不知道是干什么的。。。
NSThread创建:
1)- (id)initWithTarget:(id)target selector:(SEL)selector object:(id)argument
+ (void)detachNewThreadSelector:(SEL)aSelector toTarget:(id)aTarget withObject:(id)anArgument
第一个是实例方法,第二个是类方法
注意第二种方式会直接创建线程并且开始运行线程,第一种方式是先创建线程对象,然后再运行线程操作,在运行线程操作前可以设置线程的优先级等线程信息
还有一种不显示的创建线程
[Obj performSelectorInBackground:@selector(doSomething) withObject:nil];
如果我创建了线程用来后台干什么,比如说下载图片,下载完了如何显示在界面上?
调用NSObject的方法performSelectorOnMainThread。。这种是在主线程,也就是ui线程里面更新界面,还有一种performSelector:onThread:withObject:waitUntilDone:这种可以用来不更新界面的后台任务
关于线程同步的问题,还是用老例子,经典的售票O(∩_∩)O哈哈~
- #import <UIKit/UIKit.h>
- @class ViewController;
- @interface AppDelegate : UIResponder <UIApplicationDelegate>
- {
- int tickets;
- int count;
- NSThread* ticketsThreadone;
- NSThread* ticketsThreadtwo;
- NSCondition* ticketsCondition;
- NSLock *theLock;
- }
- @property (strong, nonatomic) UIWindow *window;
- @property (strong, nonatomic) ViewController *viewController;
- @end
- - (BOOL)application:(UIApplication *)application didFinishLaunchingWithOptions:(NSDictionary *)launchOptions
- {
- tickets = 100;
- count = 0;
- theLock = [[NSLock alloc] init];
- // 锁对象
- ticketsCondition = [[NSCondition alloc] init];
- ticketsThreadone = [[NSThread alloc] initWithTarget:self selector:@selector(run) object:nil];
- [ticketsThreadone setName:@"Thread-1"];
- [ticketsThreadone start];
- ticketsThreadtwo = [[NSThread alloc] initWithTarget:self selector:@selector(run) object:nil];
- [ticketsThreadtwo setName:@"Thread-2"];
- [ticketsThreadtwo start];
- self.window = [[UIWindow alloc] initWithFrame:[[UIScreen mainScreen] bounds]];
- // Override point for customization after application launch.
- self.viewController = [[ViewController alloc] initWithNibName:@"ViewController" bundle:nil];
- self.window.rootViewController = self.viewController;
- [self.window makeKeyAndVisible];
- return YES;
- }
- - (void)run{
- while (TRUE) {
- // 上锁
- // [ticketsCondition lock];
- [theLock lock];
- if(tickets >= 0){
- [NSThread sleepForTimeInterval:0.09];
- count = 100 - tickets;
- NSLog(@"当前票数是:%d,售出:%d,线程名:%@",tickets,count,[[NSThread currentThread] name]);
- tickets--;
- }else{
- break;
- }
- [theLock unlock];
- // [ticketsCondition unlock];
- }
- }
线程的顺序执行
他们都可以通过
[ticketsCondition signal]; 发送信号的方式,在一个线程唤醒另外一个线程的等待。
比如:
- #import "AppDelegate.h"
- #import "ViewController.h"
- @implementation AppDelegate
- - (BOOL)application:(UIApplication *)application didFinishLaunchingWithOptions:(NSDictionary *)launchOptions
- {
- tickets = 100;
- count = 0;
- theLock = [[NSLock alloc] init];
- // 锁对象
- ticketsCondition = [[NSCondition alloc] init];
- ticketsThreadone = [[NSThread alloc] initWithTarget:self selector:@selector(run) object:nil];
- [ticketsThreadone setName:@"Thread-1"];
- [ticketsThreadone start];
- ticketsThreadtwo = [[NSThread alloc] initWithTarget:self selector:@selector(run) object:nil];
- [ticketsThreadtwo setName:@"Thread-2"];
- [ticketsThreadtwo start];
- NSThread *ticketsThreadthree = [[NSThread alloc] initWithTarget:self selector:@selector(run3) object:nil];
- [ticketsThreadthree setName:@"Thread-3"];
- [ticketsThreadthree start];
- self.window = [[UIWindow alloc] initWithFrame:[[UIScreen mainScreen] bounds]];
- // Override point for customization after application launch.
- self.viewController = [[ViewController alloc] initWithNibName:@"ViewController" bundle:nil];
- self.window.rootViewController = self.viewController;
- [self.window makeKeyAndVisible];
- return YES;
- }
- -(void)run3{
- while (YES) {
- [ticketsCondition lock];
- [NSThread sleepForTimeInterval:3];
- [ticketsCondition signal];
- [ticketsCondition unlock];
- }
- }
- - (void)run{
- while (TRUE) {
- // 上锁
- [ticketsCondition lock];
- [ticketsCondition wait];
- [theLock lock];
- if(tickets >= 0){
- [NSThread sleepForTimeInterval:0.09];
- count = 100 - tickets;
- NSLog(@"当前票数是:%d,售出:%d,线程名:%@",tickets,count,[[NSThread currentThread] name]);
- tickets--;
- }else{
- break;
- }
- [theLock unlock];
- [ticketsCondition unlock];
- }
- }
其他同步
我们可以使用指令 @synchronized 来简化 NSLock的使用,这样我们就不必显示编写创建NSLock,加锁并解锁相关代码。
- (void)doSomeThing:(id)anObj
{
@synchronized(anObj)
{
// Everything between the braces is protected by the @synchronized directive.
}
}
还有其他的一些锁对象,比如:循环锁NSRecursiveLock,条件锁NSConditionLock,分布式锁NSDistributedLock等等,详情见官方文档^_^