Find Integer
Time Limit: 2000/1000 MS (Java/Others) Memory Limit: 65536/65536 K (Java/Others)Total Submission(s): 0 Accepted Submission(s): 0Special Judge
Problem Description
people in USSS love math very much, and there is a famous math problem .
give you two integers n,a,you are required to find 2 integers b,c such that an+bn=cn.
Input
one line contains one integer T;(1≤T≤1000000)
next T lines contains two integers n,a;(0≤n≤1000,000,000,3≤a≤40000)
Output
print two integers b,c if b,c exits;(1≤b,c≤1000,000,000);
else print two integers -1 -1 instead.
Sample Input
1 2 3
Sample Output
4 5
题解
本题给出一个费马大定理的表达式 ——
a
n
+
b
n
=
c
n
,
(
a
,
b
,
c
)
∈
Z
a^n+b^n=c^n,(a,b,c) \in Z
an+bn=cn,(a,b,c)∈Z。 题目意思是给定该公式中的a和n,求满足公式的b和c并输出,若不存在满足公式的b和c,则输出"-1 -1"。所以当n>2或n==0时输出"-1 -1";当n=1时输出满足方程的第一组解:1 a+1;当n=2时输出勾股数。
求勾股数:这种前n项固定的情况一般可以采用打表法。三层循环肯定是不行的,这么大数据量肯定tle。
a
2
=
c
2
−
b
2
=
(
c
+
b
)
(
c
−
b
)
a^2=c^2-b^2=(c+b)(c-b)
a2=c2−b2=(c+b)(c−b)。令
x
=
c
+
b
,
y
=
c
−
b
x=c+b,y=c-b
x=c+b,y=c−b,于是
a
2
=
x
y
a^2=xy
a2=xy。从x着手,当满足a2可以整除x时就可以求出符合条件的b,c。
代码如下:
#include<bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
#define ll long long
struct node{
ll b,c;
}gg[40007];
void init(){
memset(gg, 0, sizeof(gg));
for( ll i=3; i<=40000; i++ ){
for( ll j=1; j<i; j++ ){
if( i*i%j==0 ){ //若a^2可以整除(c+b),则此式成立
ll x = j;
ll y = i*i/j;
if( (y-x)%2==0 ){ //若b为整数,则c也是整数
gg[i].c=(x+y)/2;
gg[i].b=(y-x)/2;
break;
}
}
}
}
}
int main()
{
init();
int t;
scanf("%d", &t);
while( t-- ){
ll a, n;
scanf("%lld%lld", &n, &a);
if( n>2 || n==0 ){
printf("-1 -1\n");
continue;
}
else if( n==1 ){
printf("1 %lld\n", a+1);
continue;
}
else{
if( gg[a].b ){
printf("%lld %lld\n", gg[a].b, gg[a].c);
}
else
printf("-1 -1\n");
}
}
return 0;
}