backup(oracle)
The following table illustrates the main types of physical backups and the non-RMAN methods for performing these backups.
Consistent and Inconsistent User-Managed Backups
You can use RMAN or operating system commands to make an inconsistent backup or a consistent backup. An inconsistent backup is a backup of one or more database files made while the database is open or after the database has not been shut down normally. A consistent backup is a backup of one or more database files that you make after the database has been shut down normally. Unlike an inconsistent backup, a consistent backup does not require recovery after it is restored.
A consistent whole database backup is the only valid backup option for databases running in NOARCHIVELOG mode, because otherwise redo needed for recovery is not available. In NOARCHIVELOG mode, Oracle overwrites redo records without archiving them first.
If you run the database in ARCHIVELOG mode, then you can back up database files while the database is open. These backups are inconsistent, but as long as you have the necessary archived redo logs you can recover these backups. You can either take a tablespace offline and back up its datafiles, or perform an online backup. An online backup occurs when the tablespace is still online. To perform an online backup, you must begin and end the backup with SQL statements that place the tablespace in and take the tablespace out of backup mode.
本文介绍了Oracle数据库中物理备份的主要类型及非RMAN方法的操作过程,包括数据文件、归档日志、控制文件等的备份方式,并阐述了一致性和非一致性用户管理备份的区别。
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