PostgreSQL 向量扩展插件pgvector安装和使用

最新推荐文章于 2025-04-05 17:49:19 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2025-04-05 17:49:19 发布

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分类专栏：面试学习路线阿里巴巴文章标签： postgresql 数据库

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PostgreSQL 向量扩展插件pgvector安装和使用
参考

PostgreSQL 向量扩展插件pgvector安装和使用

pgvector 是一个 PostgreSQL 扩展，能够让PostgreSQL 提供向量（vector）数据类型和相关操作功能。

参考：
https://github.com/pgvector/pgvector

安装postgresql

利用pgvector 前提是事先安装好postgresql，安装postgresql例可参考下文。

参考：
Linux（Ubuntu）源码安装postgresql16.3
https://editor.youkuaiyun.com/md/articleId=142500497

pgvector下载和安装

安装命令如下：

cd 
git clone --branch v0.7.4 https://github.com/pgvector/pgvector.git
cd pgvector
make
make install # may need sudo

参考：
https://github.com/pgvector/pgvector

例：下载

root@autodl-container-616f40a3b3-41cb82d9:~#  su - postgres
postgres@autodl-container-616f40a3b3-41cb82d9:~$ pwd
/var/lib/postgresql
postgres@autodl-container-616f40a3b3-41cb82d9:~$ ls
10  pgsql16  postgresql-16.3  postgresql-16.3.tar.gz
postgres@autodl-container-616f40a3b3-41cb82d9:~$ git clone --branch v0.7.4 https://github.com/pgvector/pgvector.git
Cloning into 'pgvector'...
remote: Enumerating objects: 10650, done.
remote: Counting objects: 100% (4165/4165), done.
remote: Compressing objects: 100% (954/954), done.
remote: Total 10650 (delta 3388), reused 3493 (delta 3193), pack-reused 6485 (from 1)
Receiving objects: 100% (10650/10650), 1.60 MiB | 544.00 KiB/s, done.
Resolving deltas: 100% (7952/7952), done.
Note: checking out '103ac50f1a90b47a72003e8e8628a55ec372f202'.

You are in 'detached HEAD' state. You can look around, make experimental
changes and commit them, and you can discard any commits you make in this
state without impacting any branches by performing another checkout.

If you want to create a new branch to retain commits you create, you may
do so (now or later) by using -b with the checkout command again. Example:

  git checkout -b <new-branch-name>

postgres@autodl-container-616f40a3b3-41cb82d9:~$

安装错误调试

错误调试1

尝试编译和安装
例：

postgres@autodl-container-616f40a3b3-41cb82d9:~/pgvector$ make
You need to install postgresql-server-dev-X.Y for building a server-side extension or libpq-dev for building a client-side application.
cp sql/vector.sql sql/vector--0.7.4.sql

编译时候汇报如上错误可能是由于postgresql没有启动。

postgres@autodl-container-616f40a3b3-41cb82d9:~/pgvector$ psql
psql: error: connection to server on socket "/tmp/.s.PGSQL.5432" failed: Connection refused
        Is the server running locally and accepting connections on that socket?
postgres@autodl-container-616f40a3b3-41cb82d9:~/pgvector$ 
postgres@autodl-container-616f40a3b3-41cb82d9:~$ ps -xf|grep postgres
  1504 pts/3    S+     0:00  _ grep postgres
postgres@autodl-container-616f40a3b3-41cb82d9:~$ pg_ctl -D /var/lib/postgresql/pgsql16/data status
pg_ctl: no server running

尝试解决 AP1 ：启动postgresql

postgres@autodl-container-616f40a3b3-41cb82d9:~$ pg_ctl -D /var/lib/postgresql/pgsql16/data -l logfile start
pg_ctl: another server might be running; trying to start server anyway
waiting for server to start.... done
server started
postgres@autodl-container-616f40a3b3-41cb82d9:~$  ps -xf|grep postgres
  1197 pts/0    S+     0:00  _ grep postgres
  1188 ?        Ss     0:00 /var/lib/postgresql/pgsql16/bin/postgres -D /var/lib/postgresql/pgsql16/data
  1189 ?        Ss     0:00  _ postgres: checkpointer 
  1190 ?        Ss     0:00  _ postgres: background writer 
  1192 ?        Ss     0:00  _ postgres: walwriter 
  1193 ?        Ss     0:00  _ postgres: autovacuum launcher 
  1194 ?        Ss     0:00  _ postgres: logical replication launcher 
postgres@autodl-container-616f40a3b3-41cb82d9:~$  psql
psql (16.3)
Type "help" for help.

postgres=# help
You are using psql, the command-line interface to PostgreSQL.
Type:  copyright for distribution terms
       h for help with SQL commands
       ? for help with psql commands
       g or terminate with semicolon to execute query
       q to quit
postgres=#

错误调试2

再次编译，出错。

postgres@autodl-container-616f40a3b3-41cb82d9:~$ pwd
/var/lib/postgresql
postgres@autodl-container-616f40a3b3-41cb82d9:~$ cd pgvector
postgres@autodl-container-616f40a3b3-41cb82d9:~/pgvector$ 
postgres@autodl-container-616f40a3b3-41cb82d9:~/pgvector$ make
You need to install postgresql-server-dev-X.Y for building a server-side extension or libpq-dev for building a client-si

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