Canal + MQ 环境配置
1. 配置 Mysql 主从同步
1.1 创建用户
在 MySQL 中需要创建一个用户,并授权
create user 'canal'@'%' identified WITH mysql_native_password by 'canal';
授权 *.*
表示所有库
GRANT SELECT,REPLICATION SLAVE,REPLICATION CLIENT ON *.* TO 'canal'@'%';
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
- SELECT:允许用户查询(读取)数据库中的数据。
- REPLICATION SLAVE:允许用户作为 MySQL 复制从库,用于同步主库的数据。
- REPLICATION CLIENT:允许用户连接到主库并获取关于主库状态的信息。
在 MySQL 配置文件 my.cnf 设置如下信息 vi /usr/mysql/conf/my.cnf
(参考自己的虚拟机配置位置):
[mysqld]
#打开binlog
log-bin=mysql-bin
#选择ROW(行)模式
binlog-format=ROW
#配置MySQL replaction需要定义,不要和canal的slaveId重复
server_id=1
expire_logs_days=3
max_binlog_size = 100m
max_binlog_cache_size = 512m
binlog 日志最大保存 100M,是为了方便测试,根据项目需求进行修改
1.2 重启 MySQL,查看配置信息
使用命令查看是否打开 binlog 模式:SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'log_bin';

ON 表示开启 binlog 模式
show variables like 'binlog_format';

当 binlog_format
的值为 row
时,表示 MySQL 服务器当前配置为使用行级别的二进制日志记录,这对于数据库复制和数据同步来说更为安全,因为它记录了对数据行的确切更改。
查看当前正在写入的 binlog 文件:SHOW MASTER STATUS;

2. 安装 Canal
获取 canal 镜像:docker pull canal/canal-server:latest
创建 /data/soft/canal 目录:mkdir -p /data/soft/canal
在 /data/soft/canal 下创建 canal.properties,内容如下,注意修改 mq 的配置信息:
#################################################
######### common argument #############
#################################################
# tcp bind ip
canal.ip =
# register ip to zookeeper
canal.register.ip =
canal.port = 11111
canal.metrics.pull.port = 11112
# canal instance user/passwd
# canal.user = canal
# canal.passwd = E3619321C1A937C46A0D8BD1DAC39F93B27D4458
# canal admin config
#canal.admin.manager = 127.0.0.1:8089
canal.admin.port = 11110
canal.admin.user = admin
canal.admin.passwd = 4ACFE3202A5FF5CF467898FC58AAB1D615029441
# admin auto register
#canal.admin.register.auto = true
#canal.admin.register.cluster =
#canal.admin.register.name =
canal.zkServers =
# flush data to zk
canal.zookeeper.flush.period = 1000
canal.withoutNetty = false
# tcp, kafka, rocketMQ, rabbitMQ
canal.serverMode = rabbitMQ
# flush meta cursor/parse position to file
canal.file.data.dir = ${canal.conf.dir}
canal.file.flush.period = 1000
## memory store RingBuffer size, should be Math.pow(2,n)
canal.instance.memory.buffer.size = 16384
## memory store RingBuffer used memory unit size , default 1kb
canal.instance.memory.buffer.memunit = 1024
## meory store gets mode used MEMSIZE or ITEMSIZE
canal.instance.memory.batch.mode = MEMSIZE
canal.instance.memory.rawEntry = true
## detecing config
canal.instance.detecting.enable = false
#canal.instance.detecting.sql = insert into retl.xdual values(1,now()) on duplicate key update x=now()
canal.instance.detecting.sql = select 1
canal.instance.detecting.interval.time = 3
canal.instance.detecting.retry.threshold = 3
canal.instance.detecting.heartbeatHaEnable = false
# support maximum transaction size, more than the size of the transaction will be cut into multiple transactions delivery
canal.instance.transaction.size = 1024
# mysql fallback connected to new master should fallback times
canal.instance.fallbackIntervalInSeconds = 60
# network config
canal.instance.network.receiveBufferSize = 16384
canal.instance.network.sendBufferSize = 16384
canal.instance.network.soTimeout = 30
# binlog filter config
canal.instance.filter.druid.ddl = true
canal.instance.filter.query.dcl = false
# 这个配置一定要修改
canal.instance.filter.query.dml = true
canal.instance.filter.query.ddl = false
canal.instance.filter.table.error = false
canal.instance.filter.rows = false
canal.instance.filter.transaction.entry = false
canal.instance.filter.dml.insert = false
canal.instance.filter.dml.update = false
canal.instance.filter.dml.delete = false
# binlog format/image check
canal.instance.binlog.format = ROW,STATEMENT,MIXED
canal.instance.binlog.image = FULL,MINIMAL,NOBLOB
# binlog ddl isolation
canal.instance.get.ddl.isolation = false
# parallel parser config
canal.instance.parser.parallel = true
## concurrent thread number, default 60% available processors, suggest not to exceed Runtime.getRuntime().availableProcessors()
#canal.instance.parser.parallelThreadSize = 16
## disruptor ringbuffer size, must be power of 2
canal.instance.parser.parallelBufferSize = 256
# table meta tsdb info
canal.instance.tsdb.enable = true
canal.instance.tsdb.dir = ${canal.file.data.dir:../conf}/${canal.instance.destination:}
canal.instance.tsdb.url = jdbc:h2:${canal.instance.tsdb.dir}/h2;CACHE_SIZE=1000;MODE=MYSQL;
canal.instance.tsdb.dbUsername = canal
canal.instance.tsdb.dbPassword = canal
# dump snapshot interval, default 24 hour
canal.instance.tsdb.snapshot.interval = 24
# purge snapshot expire , default 360 hour(15 days)
canal.instance.tsdb.snapshot.expire = 360
#################################################
######### destinations #############
#################################################
canal.destinations = xzb-canal
# conf root dir
canal.conf.dir = ../conf
# auto scan instance dir add/remove and start/stop instance
canal.auto.scan = true
canal.auto.scan.interval = 5
# set this value to 'true' means that when binlog pos not found, skip to latest.
# WARN: pls keep 'false' in production env, or if you know what you want.
canal.auto.reset.latest.pos.mode = false
canal.instance.tsdb.spring.xml = classpath:spring/tsdb/h2-tsdb.xml
#canal.instance.tsdb.spring.xml = classpath:spring/tsdb/mysql-tsdb.xml
canal.instance.global.mode = spring
canal.instance.global.lazy = false
canal.instance.global.manager.address = ${canal.admin.manager}
#canal.instance.global.spring.xml = classpath:spring/memory-instance.xml
canal.instance.global.spring.xml = classpath:spring/file-instance.xml
#canal.instance.global.spring.xml = classpath:spring/default-instance.xml
##################################################
######### MQ Properties #############
##################################################
# aliyun ak/sk , support rds/mq
canal.aliyun.accessKey =
canal.aliyun.secretKey =
canal.aliyun.uid=
canal.mq.flatMessage = true
canal.mq.canalBatchSize = 50
canal.mq.canalGetTimeout = 100
# Set this value to "cloud", if you want open message trace feature in aliyun.
canal.mq.accessChannel = local
canal.mq.database.hash = true
canal.mq.send.thread.size = 30
canal.mq.build.thread.size = 8
##################################################
######### Kafka #############
##################################################
kafka.bootstrap.servers = 127.0.0.1:9092
kafka.acks = all
kafka.compression.type = none
kafka.batch.size = 16384
kafka.linger.ms = 1
kafka.max.request.size = 1048576
kafka.buffer.memory = 33554432
kafka.max.in.flight.requests.per.connection = 1
kafka.retries = 0
kafka.kerberos.enable = false
kafka.kerberos.krb5.file = "../conf/kerberos/krb5.conf"
kafka.kerberos.jaas.file = "../conf/kerberos/jaas.conf"
##################################################
######### RocketMQ #############
##################################################
rocketmq.producer.group = test
rocketmq.enable.message.trace = false
rocketmq.customized.trace.topic =
rocketmq.namespace =
rocketmq.namesrv.addr = 127.0.0.1:9876
rocketmq.retry.times.when.send.failed = 0
rocketmq.vip.channel.enabled = false
rocketmq.tag =
##################################################
######### RabbitMQ #############
##################################################
rabbitmq.host = 192.168.101.68
rabbitmq.virtual.host = /xzb
rabbitmq.exchange = exchange.canal-jzo2o
rabbitmq.username = xzb
rabbitmq.password = xzb
rabbitmq.deliveryMode = 2
创建 instance.properties,内容如下:
canal.instance.master.journal.name
用于指定主库正在写入的 binlog 文件的名称。
如果不配置 canal.instance.master.journal.name
,Canal 会尝试自动检测 MySQL 主库的 binlog 文件,并从最新位置开始进行复制。
#################################################
## mysql serverId , v1.0.26+ will autoGen
canal.instance.mysql.slaveId=1000
# enable gtid use true/false
canal.instance.gtidon=false
# position info
canal.instance.master.address=192.168.101.68:3306
canal.instance.master.journal.name=mysql-bin.000001
canal.instance.master.position=0
canal.instance.master.timestamp=
canal.instance.master.gtid=
# rds oss binlog
canal.instance.rds.accesskey=
canal.instance.rds.secretkey=
canal.instance.rds.instanceId=
# table meta tsdb info
canal.instance.tsdb.enable=true
#canal.instance.tsdb.url=jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/canal_tsdb
#canal.instance.tsdb.dbUsername=canal
#canal.instance.tsdb.dbPassword=canal
#canal.instance.standby.address =
#canal.instance.standby.journal.name =
#canal.instance.standby.position =
#canal.instance.standby.timestamp =
#canal.instance.standby.gtid=
# username/password
canal.instance.dbUsername=canal
canal.instance.dbPassword=canal
canal.instance.connectionCharset = UTF-8
# enable druid Decrypt database password
canal.instance.enableDruid=false
#canal.instance.pwdPublicKey=MFwwDQYJKoZIhvcNAQEBBQADSwAwSAJBALK4BUxdDltRRE5/zXpVEVPUgunvscYFtEip3pmLlhrWpacX7y7GCMo2/JM6LeHmiiNdH1FWgGCpUfircSwlWKUCAwEAAQ==
# table regex
# canal.instance.filter.regex=test01\\..*,test02\\..*
#canal.instance.filter.regex=test01\\..*,test02\\.t1
#canal.instance.filter.regex=jzo2o-foundations\\.serve_sync,jzo2o-orders-0\\.orders_seize,jzo2o-orders-0\\.orders_dispatch,jzo2o-orders-0\\.serve_provider_sync,jzo2o-customer\\.serve_provider_sync
canal.instance.filter.regex=jzo2o-orders-1\\.orders_dispatch,jzo2o-orders-1\\.orders_seize,jzo2o-foundations\\.serve_sync,jzo2o-customer\\.serve_provider_sync,jzo2o-orders-1\\.serve_provider_sync,jzo2o-orders-1\\.history_orders_sync,jzo2o-orders-1\\.history_orders_serve_sync,jzo2o-market\\.activity
# table black regex
canal.instance.filter.black.regex=mysql\\.slave_.*
# table field filter(format: schema1.tableName1:field1/field2,schema2.tableName2:field1/field2)
#canal.instance.filter.field=test1.t_product:id/subject/keywords,test2.t_company:id/name/contact/ch
# table field black filter(format: schema1.tableName1:field1/field2,schema2.tableName2:field1/field2)
#canal.instance.filter.black.field=test1.t_product:subject/product_image,test2.t_company:id/name/contact/ch
# mq config
#canal.mq.topic=topic_test01
# dynamic topic route by schema or table regex
#canal.mq.dynamicTopic=mytest1.user,mytest2\\..*,.*\\..*
#canal.mq.dynamicTopic=topic_test01:test01\\..*,topic_test02:test02\\..*
#canal.mq.dynamicTopic=canal-mq-jzo2o-orders-dispatch:jzo2o-orders-0\\.orders_dispatch,canal-mq-jzo2o-orders-seize:jzo2o-orders-0\\.orders_seize,canal-mq-jzo2o-foundations:jzo2o-foundations\\.serve_sync,canal-mq-jzo2o-customer-provider:jzo2o-customer\\.serve_provider_sync,canal-mq-jzo2o-orders-provider:jzo2o-orders-0\\.serve_provider_sync
canal.mq.dynamicTopic=canal-mq-jzo2o-orders-dispatch:jzo2o-orders-1\\.orders_dispatch,canal-mq-jzo2o-orders-seize:jzo2o-orders-1\\.orders_seize,canal-mq-jzo2o-foundations:jzo2o-foundations\\.serve_sync,canal-mq-jzo2o-customer-provider:jzo2o-customer\\.serve_provider_sync,canal-mq-jzo2o-orders-provider:jzo2o-orders-1\\.serve_provider_sync,canal-mq-jzo2o-orders-serve-history:jzo2o-orders-1\\.history_orders_serve_sync,canal-mq-jzo2o-orders-history:jzo2o-orders-1\\.history_orders_sync,canal-mq-jzo2o-market-resource:jzo2o-market\\.activity
canal.mq.partition=0
# hash partition config
#canal.mq.partitionsNum=3
#canal.mq.partitionHash=test.table:id^name,.*\\..*
#canal.mq.dynamicTopicPartitionNum=test.*:4,mycanal:6
#################################################
创建日志目录:mkdir -p /data/soft/canal/logs /data/soft/canal/conf
启动仓库:
docker run --name canal -p 11111:11111 -d -v /data/soft/canal/instance.properties:/home/admin/canal-server/conf/xzb-canal/instance.properties -v /data/soft/canal/canal.properties:/home/admin/canal-server/conf/canal.properties -v /data/soft/canal/logs:/home/admin/canal-server/logs/xzb-canal -v /data/soft/canal/conf:/home/admin/canal-server/conf/xzb-canal canal/canal-server:latest
3. 安装 RabbitMQ
拉取镜像(如果未拉取过镜像)
docker pull registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/itheima/rabbitmq:3.9.17-management-delayed
创建文件夹和文件
mkdir -p /data/soft/rabbitmq/config /data/soft/rabbitmq/data /data/soft/rabbitmq/plugins
启动容器
docker run \
--privileged \
-e RABBITMQ_DEFAULT_USER=czri \
-e RABBITMQ_DEFAULT_PASS=czri1234 \
--restart=always \
--name rabbitmq \
--hostname rabbitmq \
-v /data/soft/rabbitmq/config:/etc/rabbitmq \
-v /data/soft/rabbitmq/data:/var/lib/rabbitmq \
-p 15672:15672 \
-p 5672:5672 \
-d \
registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/itheima/rabbitmq:3.9.17-management-delayed
启动 rabbitmq 管理端
# 启动rabbitmq管理端
rabbitmq-plugins enable rabbitmq_management
# 启动延迟队列插件
rabbitmq-plugins enable rabbitmq_delayed_message_exchange
进入 rabbitmq 管理界面:http://192.168.101.68:15672/
-
创建虚拟主机 /xzb
-
创建账号和密码:xzb/xzb
-
设置权限可以访问 /xzb
-
登录 /xzb
4. 配置 Canal + RabbitMQ
4.1 在 Canal 中配置 RabbitMQ 的连接信息:
# tcp, kafka, rocketMQ, rabbitMQ
canal.serverMode = rabbitMQ
##################################################
######### RabbitMQ #############
##################################################
rabbitmq.host = 192.168.101.68
rabbitmq.virtual.host = /xzb
rabbitmq.exchange = exchange.canal-jzo2o
rabbitmq.username = xzb
rabbitmq.password = xzb
rabbitmq.deliveryMode = 2
- 用于数据同步的 MQ 交换机:exchange.canal-jzo2o
- 虚拟主机地址:/xzb
- 账号和密码:xzb/xzb
rabbitmq.deliveryMode = 2
:设置消息持久化
4.2 设置需要监听的 Mysql 库和表
修改 /data/soft/canal/instance.properties
canal.instance.filter.regex
需要监听的 Mysql 库和表
- 全库:
.*\\..*
; - 指定库下的所有表:
canal\\..*
; - 指定库下的指定表:
canal\\.canal,test\\.test
;库名\\.表名
:转义需要用\\
,使用逗号分隔多个库
这里配置监听 jzo2o-foundations 数据库下 serve_sync 表,如下:
canal.instance.filter.regex=jzo2o-foundations\\.serve_sync
4.3 在 Canal 配置 MQ 的 Topic
这里使用动态 topic:
canal.mq.dynamicTopic=canal-mq-jzo2o-foundations:jzo2o-foundations\\.serve_sync
上边的配置表示:对 jzo2o-foundations 数据库的 serve_sync 表的修改消息发到 topic 为 canal-mq-jzo2o-foundations 关联的队列
4.4 进入 MQ 配置交换机和队列
创建 exchange.canal-jzo2o 交换机:

创建队列:canal-mq-jzo2o-foundations

绑定交换机:

绑定成功:

5. 测试数据同步
-
首先重置 mysql 的 bin log:
连接 mysql 执行:
reset master
执行后所有的 binlog 删除,从 000001 号开始
通过
show master status;
查看 ,结果显示 mysql-bin.000001 -
先停止 canal:
docker stop canal
(如果本身就没有启动,不用操作) -
删除 meta.dat:
rm -rf /data/soft/canal/conf/meta.dat
-
启动 canal:
docker start canal
修改 jzo2o-foundations 数据库的 serve_sync 表的数据,稍等片刻查看 canal-mq-jzo2o-foundations 队列,如果队列中有的消息说明同步成功,如:
