SpringSecurity前后端分离
0.简介
Spring Security 是 Spring 家族中的一个安全管理框架。相比与另外一个安全框架Shiro,它提供了更丰富的功能,社区资源也比Shiro丰富。
一般来说中大型的项目都是使用SpringSecurity 来做安全框架。小项目有Shiro的比较多,因为相比与SpringSecurity,Shiro的上手更加的简单。
一般Web应用的需要进行认证和授权。
认证:验证当前访问系统的是不是本系统的用户,并且要确认具体是哪个用户
授权:经过认证后判断当前用户是否有权限进行某个操作
而认证和授权也是SpringSecurity作为安全框架的核心功能。
现如今,新项目的开发都采用的是SpringBoot+Vue前后端分离式开发,那么接下来就让我们来学习一下SpringSecurity前后端分离式项目搭建。
了解一下SpringSecurity的工作流程
所谓的SpringSecurity他实际上就是由一些列过滤器组成的顾虑器链。请求通过层层过滤器,最终发送至API,最后响应又通过层层过滤器返回至响应端。
1.入门工作
1.1准备
首先搭建一个SpringBoot项目(常规搭建),引入相关SpringSecurity依赖
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-security</artifactId>
</dependency>
引入依赖后我们在尝试去访问之前的接口就会自动跳转到一个SpringSecurity的默认登陆页面,默认用户名是user,密码会输出在控制台。
必须登陆之后才能对接口进行访问。(前后端不分离式)
2.认证
2.1认证校验流程
SpringSecurity的原理其实就是一个过滤器链,内部包含了提供各种功能的过滤器。这里我总结了比较重要的三个过滤器
图中只展示了核心过滤器,其它的非核心过滤器并没有在图中展示。
UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter:负责处理我们在登陆页面填写了用户名密码后的登陆请求。入门案例的认证工作主要有它负责。
ExceptionTranslationFilter处理过滤器链中抛出的任何AccessDeniedException和AuthenticationException 。
FilterSecurityInterceptor负责权限校验的过滤器。
2.2认证详细流程图
概念速查:
Authentication接口: 它的实现类,表示当前访问系统的用户,封装了用户相关信息。
AuthenticationManager接口:定义了认证Authentication的方法
UserDetailsService接口:加载用户特定数据的核心接口。里面定义了一个根据用户名查询用户信息的方法。
UserDetails接口:提供核心用户信息。通过UserDetailsService根据用户名获取处理的用户信息要封装成UserDetails对象返回。然后将这些信息封装到Authentication对象中。
2.3准备工作
添加json,jwt,redis相关依赖
<!--redis依赖-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-redis</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!--fastjson依赖-->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
<version>1.2.33</version>
</dependency>
<!--jwt依赖-->
<dependency>
<groupId>io.jsonwebtoken</groupId>
<artifactId>jjwt</artifactId>
<version>0.9.0</version>
</dependency>
Redis配置
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.data.redis.connection.RedisConnectionFactory;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.RedisTemplate;
import org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.StringRedisSerializer;
@Configuration
public class RedisConfig {
@Bean
@SuppressWarnings(value = { "unchecked", "rawtypes" })
public RedisTemplate<Object, Object> redisTemplate(RedisConnectionFactory connectionFactory)
{
RedisTemplate<Object, Object> template = new RedisTemplate<>();
template.setConnectionFactory(connectionFactory);
FastJsonRedisSerializer serializer = new FastJsonRedisSerializer(Object.class);
// 使用StringRedisSerializer来序列化和反序列化redis的key值
template.setKeySerializer(new StringRedisSerializer());
template.setValueSerializer(serializer);
// Hash的key也采用StringRedisSerializer的序列化方式
template.setHashKeySerializer(new StringRedisSerializer());
template.setHashValueSerializer(serializer);
template.afterPropertiesSet();
return template;
}
}
import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSON;
import com.alibaba.fastjson.serializer.SerializerFeature;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.JavaType;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.type.TypeFactory;
import org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.RedisSerializer;
import org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.SerializationException;
import com.alibaba.fastjson.parser.ParserConfig;
import org.springframework.util.Assert;
import java.nio.charset.Charset;
/**
* Redis使用FastJson序列化
*
* @author sg
*/
public class FastJsonRedisSerializer<T> implements RedisSerializer<T>
{
public static final Charset DEFAULT_CHARSET = Charset.forName("UTF-8");
private Class<T> clazz;
static
{
ParserConfig.getGlobalInstance().setAutoTypeSupport(true);
}
public FastJsonRedisSerializer(Class<T> clazz)
{
super();
this.clazz = clazz;
}
@Override
public byte[] serialize(T t) throws SerializationException
{
if (t == null)
{
return new byte[0];
}
return JSON.toJSONString(t, SerializerFeature.WriteClassName).getBytes(DEFAULT_CHARSET);
}
@Override
public T deserialize(byte[] bytes) throws SerializationException
{
if (bytes == null || bytes.length <= 0)
{
return null;
}
String str = new String(bytes, DEFAULT_CHARSET);
return JSON.parseObject(str, clazz);
}
protected JavaType getJavaType(Class<?> clazz)
{
return TypeFactory.defaultInstance().constructType(clazz);
}
}
响应类
package com.demo.dpauth.until;
import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;
import java.util.Map;
@Data
@NoArgsConstructor
@AllArgsConstructor
public class RestObject {
private Integer status;
private String info;
private Object data;
public static RestObject OK(String info,Object data){
return new RestObject(200,info,data);
}
public static RestObject OK(Integer status,String info){
return new RestObject(status,info,null);
}
public static RestObject OK(String info){
return OK(info,null);
}
public static RestObject OK(Object data){
return OK(null, data);
}
public static RestObject OK(){
return OK(null,null,null);
}
public static RestObject Err(String info){
return new RestObject(201,info,null);
}
public static RestObject Err(){
return Err(null);
}
public static RestObject OK (Integer id, String info, Object data){
return new RestObject(200 , info , data);
}
}
工具类:
import io.jsonwebtoken.Claims;
import io.jsonwebtoken.JwtBuilder;
import io.jsonwebtoken.Jwts;
import io.jsonwebtoken.SignatureAlgorithm;
import javax.crypto.SecretKey;
import javax.crypto.spec.SecretKeySpec;
import java.util.Base64;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.UUID;
/**
* JWT工具类
*/
public class JwtUtil {
//有效期为
public static final Long JWT_TTL = 60 * 60 *1000L;// 60 * 60 *1000 一个小时
//设置秘钥明文
public static final String JWT_KEY = "ywy";
public static String getUUID(){
String token = UUID.randomUUID().toString().replaceAll("-", "");
return token;
}
/**
* 生成jtw
* @param subject token中要存放的数据(json格式)
* @return
*/
public static String createJWT(String subject) {
JwtBuilder builder = getJwtBuilder(subject, null, getUUID());// 设置过期时间
return builder.compact();
}
/**
* 生成jtw
* @param subject token中要存放的数据(json格式)
* @param ttlMillis token超时时间
* @return
*/
public static String createJWT(String subject, Long ttlMillis) {
JwtBuilder builder = getJwtBuilder(subject, ttlMillis, getUUID());// 设置过期时间
return builder.compact();
}
private static JwtBuilder getJwtBuilder(String subject, Long ttlMillis, String uuid) {
SignatureAlgorithm signatureAlgorithm = SignatureAlgorithm.HS256;
SecretKey secretKey = generalKey();
long nowMillis = System.currentTimeMillis();
Date now = new Date(nowMillis);
if(ttlMillis==null){
ttlMillis=JwtUtil.JWT_TTL;
}
long expMillis = nowMillis + ttlMillis;
Date expDate = new Date(expMillis);
return Jwts.builder()
.setId(uuid) //唯一的ID
.setSubject(subject) // 主题 可以是JSON数据
.setIssuer("sg") // 签发者
.setIssuedAt(now) // 签发时间
.signWith(signatureAlgorithm, secretKey) //使用HS256对称加密算法签名, 第二个参数为秘钥
.setExpiration(expDate);
}
/**
* 创建token
* @param id
* @param subject
* @param ttlMillis
* @return
*/
public static String createJWT(String id, String subject, Long ttlMillis) {
JwtBuilder builder = getJwtBuilder(subject, ttlMillis, id);// 设置过期时间
return builder.compact();
}
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
String token = "eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiJ9.eyJqdGkiOiJjYWM2ZDVhZi1mNjVlLTQ0MDAtYjcxMi0zYWEwOGIyOTIwYjQiLCJzdWIiOiJzZyIsImlzcyI6InNnIiwiaWF0IjoxNjM4MTA2NzEyLCJleHAiOjE2MzgxMTAzMTJ9.JVsSbkP94wuczb4QryQbAke3ysBDIL5ou8fWsbt_ebg";
Claims claims = parseJWT(token);
System.out.println(claims);
}
/**
* 生成加密后的秘钥 secretKey
* @return
*/
public static SecretKey generalKey() {
byte[] encodedKey = Base64.getDecoder().decode(JwtUtil.JWT_KEY);
SecretKey key = new SecretKeySpec(encodedKey, 0, encodedKey.length, "AES");
return key;
}
/**
* 解析
*
* @param jwt
* @return
* @throws Exception
*/
public static Claims parseJWT(String jwt) throws Exception {
SecretKey secretKey = generalKey();
return Jwts.parser()
.setSigningKey(secretKey)
.parseClaimsJws(jwt)
.getBody();
}
}
package com.demo.dpauth.until;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.BoundSetOperations;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.HashOperations;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.RedisTemplate;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.ValueOperations;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import java.util.*;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
@SuppressWarnings(value = { "unchecked", "rawtypes" })
@Component
public class RedisCache {
@Autowired
public RedisTemplate redisTemplate;
/**
* 缓存基本的对象,Integer、String、实体类等
*
* @param key 缓存的键值
* @param value 缓存的值
*/
public <T> void setCacheObject(final String key, final T value)
{
redisTemplate.opsForValue().set(key, value);
}
/**
* 缓存基本的对象,Integer、String、实体类等
*
* @param key 缓存的键值
* @param value 缓存的值
* @param timeout 时间
* @param timeUnit 时间颗粒度
*/
public <T> void setCacheObject(final String key, final T value, final Integer timeout, final TimeUnit timeUnit)
{
redisTemplate.opsForValue().set(key, value, timeout, timeUnit);
}
/**
* 设置有效时间
*
* @param key Redis键
* @param timeout 超时时间
* @return true=设置成功;false=设置失败
*/
public boolean expire(final String key, final long timeout)
{
return expire(key, timeout, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
}
/**
* 设置有效时间
*
* @param key Redis键
* @param timeout 超时时间
* @param unit 时间单位
* @return true=设置成功;false=设置失败
*/
public boolean expire(final String key, final long timeout, final TimeUnit unit)
{
return redisTemplate.expire(key, timeout, unit);
}
/**
* 获得缓存的基本对象。
*
* @param key 缓存键值
* @return 缓存键值对应的数据
*/
public <T> T getCacheObject(final String key)
{
ValueOperations<String, T> operation = redisTemplate.opsForValue();
return operation.get(key);
}
/**
* 删除单个对象
*
* @param key
*/
public boolean deleteObject(final String key)
{
return redisTemplate.delete(key);
}
/**
* 删除集合对象
*
* @param collection 多个对象
* @return
*/
public long deleteObject(final Collection collection)
{
return redisTemplate.delete(collection);
}
/**
* 缓存List数据
*
* @param key 缓存的键值
* @param dataList 待缓存的List数据
* @return 缓存的对象
*/
public <T> long setCacheList(final String key, final List<T> dataList)
{
Long count = redisTemplate.opsForList().rightPushAll(key, dataList);
return count == null ? 0 : count;
}
/**
* 获得缓存的list对象
*
* @param key 缓存的键值
* @return 缓存键值对应的数据
*/
public <T> List<T> getCacheList(final String key)
{
return redisTemplate.opsForList().range(key, 0, -1);
}
/**
* 缓存Set
*
* @param key 缓存键值
* @param dataSet 缓存的数据
* @return 缓存数据的对象
*/
public <T> BoundSetOperations<String, T> setCacheSet(final String key, final Set<T> dataSet)
{
BoundSetOperations<String, T> setOperation = redisTemplate.boundSetOps(key);
Iterator<T> it = dataSet.iterator();
while (it.hasNext())
{
setOperation.add(it.next());
}
return setOperation;
}
/**
* 获得缓存的set
*
* @param key
* @return
*/
public <T> Set<T> getCacheSet(final String key)
{
return redisTemplate.opsForSet().members(key);
}
/**
* 缓存Map
*
* @param key
* @param dataMap
*/
public <T> void setCacheMap(final String key, final Map<String, T> dataMap)
{
if (dataMap != null) {
redisTemplate.opsForHash().putAll(key, dataMap);
}
}
/**
* 获得缓存的Map
*
* @param key
* @return
*/
public <T> Map<String, T> getCacheMap(final String key)
{
return redisTemplate.opsForHash().entries(key);
}
/**
* 往Hash中存入数据
*
* @param key Redis键
* @param hKey Hash键
* @param value 值
*/
public <T> void setCacheMapValue(final String key, final String hKey, final T value)
{
redisTemplate.opsForHash().put(key, hKey, value);
}
/**
* 获取Hash中的数据
*
* @param key Redis键
* @param hKey Hash键
* @return Hash中的对象
*/
public <T> T getCacheMapValue(final String key, final String hKey)
{
HashOperations<String, String, T> opsForHash = redisTemplate.opsForHash();
return opsForHash.get(key, hKey);
}
/**
* 删除Hash中的数据
*
* @param key
* @param hkey
*/
public void delCacheMapValue(final String key, final String hkey)
{
HashOperations hashOperations = redisTemplate.opsForHash();
hashOperations.delete(key, hkey);
}
/**
* 获取多个Hash中的数据
*
* @param key Redis键
* @param hKeys Hash键集合
* @return Hash对象集合
*/
public <T> List<T> getMultiCacheMapValue(final String key, final Collection<Object> hKeys)
{
return redisTemplate.opsForHash().multiGet(key, hKeys);
}
/**
* 获得缓存的基本对象列表
*
* @param pattern 字符串前缀
* @return 对象列表
*/
public Collection<String> keys(final String pattern)
{
return redisTemplate.keys(pattern);
}
}
package com.demo.dpauth.until;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
public class WebUtils
{
/**
* 将字符串渲染到客户端
*
* @param response 渲染对象
* @param string 待渲染的字符串
* @return null
*/
public static String renderString(HttpServletResponse response, String string) {
try
{
response.setStatus(200);
response.setContentType("application/json");
response.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
response.getWriter().print(string);
}
catch (IOException e)
{
e.printStackTrace();
}
return null;
}
}
实体类
package com.demo.dpcommon.bean;
import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;
import java.io.Serializable;
@Data
@NoArgsConstructor
@AllArgsConstructor
public class User implements Serializable {
private static final long serialVersionUID = -40356785423868312L;
/**
* 主键
*/
private Integer id;
/**
* 用户名
*/
private String username;
/**
* 密码
*/
private String password;
/**
* 账号状态(0正常 1停用)
*/
private String status;
/**
* 用户类型(0管理员,1普通用户)
*/
private String userType;
/**
* 创建人的用户id
*/
private Long createBy;
/**
* 创建时间
*/
private Date createTime;
/**
* 更新人
*/
private Long updateBy;
/**
* 更新时间
*/
private Date updateTime;
/**
* 删除标志(0代表未删除,1代表已删除)
*/
private Integer delFlag;
}
@Data
@NoArgsConstructor
@AllArgsConstructor
public class Menu implements Serializable {
private static final long serialVersionUID = -54979041104113736L;
private Integer id;
private String menu_name;
private String perms;
}
2.4用户查询
创建Mapper正常实现用户查询即可此处省略
2.5密码加密存储
实际项目中我们不会把密码明文存储在数据库中。
默认使用的PasswordEncoder要求数据库中的密码格式为:{id}password 。它会根据id去判断密码的加密方式。但是我们一般不会采用这种方式。所以就需要替换PasswordEncoder。
我们一般使用SpringSecurity为我们提供的BCryptPasswordEncoder。
我们只需要使用把BCryptPasswordEncoder对象注入Spring容器中,SpringSecurity就会使用该PasswordEncoder来进行密码校验。
我们可以定义一个SpringSecurity的配置类,SpringSecurity要求这个配置类要继承WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter。
@Configuration
public class SecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {
//创建BcryptPasswordEncoder注入容器
@Bean
public PasswordEncoder passwordEncoder(){
return new BCryptPasswordEncoder();
}
}
2.6.后端实现
创建LoadUser对象实现UserDetails
package com.demo.dpauth.bean;
import com.alibaba.fastjson.annotation.JSONField;
import com.demo.dpcommon.bean.User;
import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;
import org.springframework.security.core.GrantedAuthority;
import org.springframework.security.core.authority.SimpleGrantedAuthority;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetails;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.stream.Collectors;
@Data
@NoArgsConstructor
public class LoginUser implements UserDetails {
private User user;
private List<String> permission;
public LoginUser(User user, List<String> permission) {
this.user = user;
this.permission = permission;
}
@JSONField(serialize = false)//不需要被序列化
private List<GrantedAuthority> authorities;
@Override
public Collection<? extends GrantedAuthority> getAuthorities() {
if (authorities != null) {
return authorities;
}
//把permission中的类型封装
// List<GrantedAuthority> newList = new ArrayList<>();
// for (String item: permission
// ) {
// SimpleGrantedAuthority authority = new SimpleGrantedAuthority(item);
// }
//Stream流进行遍历
authorities =
permission.stream().map(SimpleGrantedAuthority :: new ).collect(Collectors.toList());
return authorities;
}
@Override
public String getPassword() {
return user.getPassword();
}
@Override
public String getUsername() {
return user.getUsername();
}
@Override
public boolean isAccountNonExpired() {
return true;
}
@Override
public boolean isAccountNonLocked() {
return true;
}
@Override
public boolean isCredentialsNonExpired() {
return true;
}
@Override
public boolean isEnabled() {
return true;
}
}
controller层
@RestController
public class LoginController {
@Autowired
UserService service;
@RequestMapping("/user/login")
public RestObject login( User user) {
return service.login(user);
}
}
Service层
package com.demo.dpauth.service;
import com.demo.dpauth.bean.LoginUser;
import com.demo.dpauth.until.JwtUtil;
import com.demo.dpauth.until.RedisCache;
import com.demo.dpauth.until.RestObject;
import com.demo.dpcommon.bean.User;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.security.authentication.AuthenticationManager;
import org.springframework.security.authentication.UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken;
import org.springframework.security.core.Authentication;
import org.springframework.security.core.context.SecurityContextHolder;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
@Service
public class UserService {
@Autowired
AuthenticationManager authenticationManager;
@Autowired
RedisCache redisCache;
public RestObject login(User user) {
//AuthenticationManager authenticate 进行用户认证
UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken authenticationToken
= new UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken(user.getUsername(), user.getPassword());
Authentication authenticate = authenticationManager.authenticate(authenticationToken);
//如果认证通过,给出对应提示
if (authenticate == null) {
throw new RuntimeException("登录失败");
}
//如果认证通过了,使用userId生成一个token
LoginUser loginUser = (LoginUser) authenticate.getPrincipal();
String userId = loginUser.getUser().getId().toString();
// System.out.println("userid "+userId);
String jwt = JwtUtil.createJWT(userId);
//System.out.println(jwt);
//把完整的用户信息存入redis userId作为Key
redisCache.setCacheObject("login:"+userId , loginUser);
Map<String , String> map = new HashMap<>();
map.put("token", jwt);
return RestObject.OK(200,"登录成功" ,map);
}
public RestObject logout() {
//获取SpringContext中的用户id
UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken authenticationToken =
(UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken) SecurityContextHolder.getContext().getAuthentication();
LoginUser loginUser = (LoginUser) authenticationToken.getPrincipal();
Integer userId = loginUser.getUser().getId();
//删除redis中的值
redisCache.deleteObject("login:"+userId);
return RestObject.OK(200,"注销成功");
}
}
@Configuration
public class SecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {
@Bean
public PasswordEncoder passwordEncoder(){
return new BCryptPasswordEncoder();
}
@Override
protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
http
//关闭csrf
.csrf().disable()
//不通过Session获取SecurityContext
.sessionManagement().sessionCreationPolicy(SessionCreationPolicy.STATELESS)
.and()
.authorizeRequests()
// 对于登录接口 允许匿名访问
.antMatchers("/user/login").anonymous()
// 除上面外的所有请求全部需要鉴权认证
.anyRequest().authenticated();
}
@Bean
@Override
public AuthenticationManager authenticationManagerBean() throws Exception {
return super.authenticationManagerBean();
}
}
认证过滤器
我们需要自定义一个过滤器,这个过滤器会去获取请求头中的token,对token进行解析取出其中的userid。
使用userid去redis中获取对应的LoginUser对象。
然后封装Authentication对象存入SecurityContextHolder
package com.demo.dpauth.filter;
import com.demo.dpauth.bean.LoginUser;
import com.demo.dpauth.until.JwtUtil;
import com.demo.dpauth.until.RedisCache;
import io.jsonwebtoken.Claims;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.security.authentication.UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken;
import org.springframework.security.core.context.SecurityContextHolder;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import org.springframework.util.StringUtils;
import org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter;
import javax.servlet.FilterChain;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Objects;
@Component
public class JwtAuthenticationTokenFilter extends OncePerRequestFilter {
@Autowired
private RedisCache redisCache;
@Override
protected void doFilterInternal(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, FilterChain filterChain) throws ServletException, IOException {
//获取token
String token = request.getHeader("Authorization");
//System.out.println(token);
if (!StringUtils.hasText(token)) {
//放行
filterChain.doFilter(request, response);
return;
}
//解析token
String userId;
try {
Claims claims = JwtUtil.parseJWT(token);
userId = claims.getSubject();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
throw new RuntimeException("token非法");
}
//从redis中获取用户信息
String redisKey = "login:" + userId;
LoginUser loginUser = redisCache.getCacheObject(redisKey);
if(Objects.isNull(loginUser)){
throw new RuntimeException("用户未登录");
}
//存入SecurityContextHolder
//TODO 获取权限信息封装到Authentication中
UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken authenticationToken =
new UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken(loginUser,null, loginUser.getAuthorities());
SecurityContextHolder.getContext().setAuthentication(authenticationToken);
//放行
filterChain.doFilter(request, response);
}
}
@Configuration
public class SecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {
@Bean
public PasswordEncoder passwordEncoder(){
return new BCryptPasswordEncoder();
}
@Autowired
JwtAuthenticationTokenFilter jwtAuthenticationTokenFilter;
@Override
protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
http
//关闭csrf
.csrf().disable()
//不通过Session获取SecurityContext
.sessionManagement().sessionCreationPolicy(SessionCreationPolicy.STATELESS)
.and()
.authorizeRequests()
// 对于登录接口 允许匿名访问
.antMatchers("/user/login").anonymous()
// 除上面外的所有请求全部需要鉴权认证
.anyRequest().authenticated();
//把token校验过滤器添加到过滤器链中
http.addFilterBefore(jwtAuthenticationTokenFilter, UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter.class);
}
@Bean
@Override
public AuthenticationManager authenticationManagerBean() throws Exception {
return super.authenticationManagerBean();
}
}
3.授权
SpringSecurity为我们提供了基于注解的权限控制方案,这也是我们项目中主要采用的方式。我们可以使用注解去指定访问对应的资源所需的权限。 @EnableGlobalMethodSecurity(prePostEnabled = true)
3.1封装权限信息
我们前面在写UserDetailsServiceImpl的时候说过,在查询出用户后还要获取对应的权限信息,封装到UserDetails中返回。(如上LoadUser已经封装过了)
创建UserDetailsService实现类(此处根据权限查询Mapper可随意,只有能正常实现查询即可)
package com.demo.dpauth.service;
import com.demo.dpauth.bean.LoginUser;
import com.demo.dpauth.mapper.MenuMapper;
import com.demo.dpauth.mapper.UserMapper;
import com.demo.dpcommon.bean.User;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetails;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetailsService;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UsernameNotFoundException;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
@Service
public class UserDetailsServiceImpl implements UserDetailsService {
@Autowired
UserMapper userMapper;
@Autowired
MenuMapper menuMapper;
@Override
public UserDetails loadUserByUsername(String username) throws UsernameNotFoundException {
//查询用户信息
User user = userMapper.queryByUserName(username);
if (user == null) {
throw new RuntimeException("账号或密码有误");
}
//查询对应的权限信息
List<String> list = new ArrayList<>();
list = menuMapper.queryAllPerms(user.getId());
System.out.println("用戶权限 "+menuMapper);
//把数据封装成UserDetails返回
return new LoginUser(user ,list);
}
}
3.2自定义失败处理
我们还希望在认证失败或者是授权失败的情况下也能和我们的接口一样返回相同结构的json,这样可以让前端能对响应进行统一的处理。要实现这个功能我们需要知道SpringSecurity的异常处理机制。
在SpringSecurity中,如果我们在认证或者授权的过程中出现了异常会被ExceptionTranslationFilter捕获到。在ExceptionTranslationFilter中会去判断是认证失败还是授权失败出现的异常。
如果是认证过程中出现的异常会被封装成AuthenticationException然后调用AuthenticationEntryPoint对象的方法去进行异常处理。
如果是授权过程中出现的异常会被封装成AccessDeniedException然后调用AccessDeniedHandler对象的方法去进行异常处理。
所以如果我们需要自定义异常处理,我们只需要自定义AuthenticationEntryPoint和AccessDeniedHandler然后配置给SpringSecurity即可。
package com.demo.dpauth.handler;
import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSON;
import com.demo.dpauth.until.RestObject;
import com.demo.dpauth.until.WebUtils;
import org.apache.http.HttpStatus;
import org.springframework.security.access.AccessDeniedException;
import org.springframework.security.web.access.AccessDeniedHandler;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
@Component
public class AccessDeniedHandlerImpl implements AccessDeniedHandler {
@Override
public void handle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, AccessDeniedException accessDeniedException) throws IOException, ServletException {
RestObject result = new RestObject(HttpStatus.SC_FORBIDDEN,"权限不足",null);//403权限不足
String json = JSON.toJSONString(result);
WebUtils.renderString(response, json);
}
}
package com.demo.dpauth.handler;
import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSON;
import com.demo.dpauth.until.RestObject;
import com.demo.dpauth.until.WebUtils;
import org.apache.http.HttpStatus;
import org.springframework.security.access.AccessDeniedException;
import org.springframework.security.core.AuthenticationException;
import org.springframework.security.web.AuthenticationEntryPoint;
import org.springframework.security.web.access.AccessDeniedHandler;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
@Component
public class AuthenticationEntryPointImpl implements AuthenticationEntryPoint {
@Override
public void commence(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, AuthenticationException authException) throws IOException, ServletException {
RestObject result = new RestObject(HttpStatus.SC_UNAUTHORIZED,"用户未认证,请重新登录",null);//401未认证
String json = JSON.toJSONString(result);
WebUtils.renderString(response, json);
}
}
后端解决跨域问题
@Configuration
public class CorsConfig implements WebMvcConfigurer {
@Override
public void addCorsMappings(CorsRegistry registry) {
// 设置允许跨域的路径
registry.addMapping("/**")
// 设置允许跨域请求的域名
.allowedOriginPatterns("*")
// 是否允许cookie
.allowCredentials(true)
// 设置允许的请求方式
.allowedMethods("GET", "POST", "DELETE", "PUT")
// 设置允许的header属性
.allowedHeaders("*")
// 跨域允许时间
.maxAge(3600);
}
}
完整的SecurityConfig配置
@Configuration
public class SecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {
@Autowired
JwtAuthenticationTokenFilter jwtAuthenticationTokenFilter;
@Autowired
AuthenticationEntryPointImpl authenticationEntryPoint;
@Autowired
AccessDeniedHandlerImpl accessDeniedHandler;
//穿件BcryptPasswordEncoder注入容器
@Bean
public PasswordEncoder passwordEncoder() {
return new BCryptPasswordEncoder();
}
@Bean
@Override
public AuthenticationManager authenticationManagerBean() throws Exception {
return super.authenticationManagerBean();
}
@Override
protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
http
//关闭csrf
.csrf().disable()
//不通过Session获取SecurityContext
.sessionManagement().sessionCreationPolicy(SessionCreationPolicy.STATELESS)
.and()
.authorizeRequests()
// 对于登录接口 允许匿名访问
.antMatchers("/user/login").anonymous()
// 除上面外的所有请求全部需要鉴权认证
.anyRequest().authenticated();
//添加过滤器
http.addFilterBefore(jwtAuthenticationTokenFilter , UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter.class);
//添加处理器
http.exceptionHandling()
//认证失败处理器
.authenticationEntryPoint(authenticationEntryPoint)
.accessDeniedHandler(accessDeniedHandler);
//跨域
http.cors();
}
}
4.前端搭建
小编在这里使用的是Vue3,前端主要会遇到的问题就是跨域,和将token设置在请求头中
前端解决跨域问题小编参考了
Vue3 跨域问题解决方案_vue3跨域解决方案-优快云博客
请求头设置token小编参考了