USART串口数据包

已于 2024-10-09 17:32:39 修改
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文章标签： 单片机 嵌入式硬件 stm32
于 2024-10-09 17:32:03 首次发布
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本文链接：https://blog.youkuaiyun.com/m0_63690570/article/details/142766590
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背景知识：USART串口协议-优快云博客

USART串口数据包

HEX数据包

包头为0xFF，包尾为0xFE。

如果数据和包头包尾重复，解决方法：

  1. 限制数据变化范围
  2. 使用固定长度的数据包，只要包头包尾对齐了数据，就可以严格知道哪些是包头包尾、哪些是载荷数据。
  3. 增加包头包尾的数量。

如果载荷数据和包头包尾会出现重复的情况，就选择固定包长。

文本数据包

大量字符可以作为包头包尾，有效地避免了包头包尾和载荷数据重复的问题。

        

HEX数据包接收

文本数据包接收

代码

串口收发HEX数据包

接线图

代码

main.c

#include "stm32f10x.h"                  // Device header
#include "Delay.h"
#include "OLED.h"
#include "Serial.h"
#include "Key.h"

uint8_t KeyNum;

int main(void)
{
	OLED_Init();
	Key_Init();
	Serial_Init();
	
	OLED_ShowString(1, 1, "TxPacket");
	OLED_ShowString(3, 1, "RxPacket");

	Serial_TxPacket[0] = 0x01;
	Serial_TxPacket[1] = 0x02;
	Serial_TxPacket[2] = 0x03;
	Serial_TxPacket[3] = 0x04;
	
	while(1)
	{
		KeyNum = Key_GetNum();
		if (KeyNum == 1)
		{
			Serial_TxPacket[0] ++;
			Serial_TxPacket[1] ++;
			Serial_TxPacket[2] ++;
			Serial_TxPacket[3] ++;
			
			Serial_SendPacket();
			
			OLED_ShowHexNum(2, 1, Serial_TxPacket[0], 2);
			OLED_ShowHexNum(2, 4, Serial_TxPacket[1], 2);
			OLED_ShowHexNum(2, 7, Serial_TxPacket[2], 2);
			OLED_ShowHexNum(2, 10, Serial_TxPacket[3], 2);
		}
		
		
		if (Serial_GetRxFlag() == 1)
		{
			OLED_ShowHexNum(4, 1, Serial_RxPacket[0], 2);
			OLED_ShowHexNum(4, 4, Serial_RxPacket[1], 2);
			OLED_ShowHexNum(4, 7, Serial_RxPacket[2], 2);
			OLED_ShowHexNum(4, 10, Serial_RxPacket[3], 2);
		}
	}
}

Serial.c

#include "stm32f10x.h"                  // Device header
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdarg.h>

uint8_t Serial_TxPacket[4];
uint8_t Serial_RxPacket[4];
uint8_t Serial_RxFlag;

void Serial_Init(void)
{
	RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_USART1, ENABLE);
	RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOA, ENABLE);
	
	GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStructure;
	GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_AF_PP;
	GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_9;
	GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_50MHz;
	GPIO_Init(GPIOA, &GPIO_InitStructure);
	
	GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_IPU;
	GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_10;
	GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_50MHz;
	GPIO_Init(GPIOA, &GPIO_InitStructure);
	
	USART_InitTypeDef USART_InitStructure;
	USART_InitStructure.USART_BaudRate = 9600;
	USART_InitStructure.USART_HardwareFlowControl = USART_HardwareFlowControl_None;
	USART_InitStructure.USART_Mode = USART_Mode_Tx | USART_Mode_Rx;
	USART_InitStructure.USART_Parity = USART_Parity_No;
	USART_InitStructure.USART_StopBits = USART_StopBits_1;
	USART_InitStructure.USART_WordLength = USART_WordLength_8b;
	USART_Init(USART1, &USART_InitStructure);
	
	USART_ITConfig(USART1, USART_IT_RXNE, ENABLE);
	
	NVIC_PriorityGroupConfig(NVIC_PriorityGroup_2);
	
	NVIC_InitTypeDef NVIC_InitStructure;
	NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannel = USART1_IRQn;
	NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelCmd = ENABLE;
	NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelPreemptionPriority = 1;
	NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelSubPriority = 1;
	NVIC_Init(&NVIC_InitStructure);
	
	USART_Cmd(USART1, ENABLE);
}	

void Serial_SendByte(uint8_t Byte)
{
	USART_SendData(USART1, Byte);
	while (USART_GetFlagStatus(USART1, USART_FLAG_TXE) == RESET);
}

void Serial_SendArray(uint8_t *Array, uint16_t Length)
{
	uint16_t i;
	for (i = 0; i < Length; i++)
	{
		Serial_SendByte(Array[i]);
	}
}

void Serial_SendString(char *String)
{
	uint8_t i;
	for (i = 0; String[i] != '\0'; i++)
	{
		Serial_SendByte(String[i]);
	}
}

uint32_t Serial_Pow(uint32_t X, uint32_t Y)
{
	uint32_t Result = 1;
	while (Y--)
	{
		Result *= X;
	}
	return Result;
}

void Serial_SendNumber(uint32_t Number, uint8_t Length)
{
	uint8_t i;
	for (i =0 ; i < Length; i++)
	{
		Serial_SendByte(Number / Serial_Pow(10, Length - i - 1) % 10 + 0x30);
	}
}

int fputc(int ch, FILE *f)
{
	Serial_SendByte(ch);
	return ch;
}

void Serial_Printf(char *format, ...)
{
	char String[100];
	va_list arg;
	va_start(arg, format);
	vsprintf(String, format, arg);
	va_end(arg);
	Serial_SendString(String);
}

void Serial_SendPacket(void)
{
	Serial_SendByte(0xFF);
	Serial_SendArray(Serial_TxPacket, 4);
	Serial_SendByte(0xFE);
}

uint8_t Serial_GetRxFlag(void)
{
	if (Serial_RxFlag == 1)
	{
		Serial_RxFlag = 0;
		return 1;
	}
	return 0;
}


void USART1_IRQHandler(void)
{
	static uint8_t RxState = 0;
	static uint8_t pRxPacket = 0;

	if (USART_GetITStatus(USART1, USART_IT_RXNE) == SET)
	{
		uint8_t RxData = USART_ReceiveData(USART1);
		
		if (RxState == 0)
		{
			if (RxData == 0xFF)
			{
				RxState = 1;
				pRxPacket = 0;
			}
		}
		else if (RxState == 1)
		{
			Serial_RxPacket[pRxPacket] = RxData;
			pRxPacket ++;
			if (pRxPacket >= 4)
			{
				RxState = 2;
			}
		}
		else if (RxState == 2) 
		{
			if (RxData == 0xFE)
			{
				RxState = 0;
				Serial_RxFlag = 1;
			}
		}
		USART_ClearITPendingBit(USART1, USART_IT_RXNE);
	}
}

串口收发文本数据包

接线图

代码

main.c

#include "stm32f10x.h"                  // Device header
#include "Delay.h"
#include "OLED.h"
#include "Serial.h"
#include "LED.h"
#include <string.h>

int main(void)
{
	OLED_Init();
	Serial_Init();
	LED_Init();
	OLED_ShowString(1, 1, "TxPacket");
	OLED_ShowString(3, 1, "RxPacket");
	
	while(1)
	{
		if (Serial_RxFlag == 1)
		{
			OLED_ShowString(4, 1, "                ");
			OLED_ShowString(4, 1, Serial_RxPacket);
			
			if (strcmp(Serial_RxPacket, "LED_ON") == 0)
			{
				LED1_ON();
				Serial_SendString("LED_ON_OK\r\n");
				OLED_ShowString(2, 1, "                ");
				OLED_ShowString(2, 1, "LED_ON_OK");
			}
			else if (strcmp(Serial_RxPacket, "LED_OFF") == 0)
			{
				LED1_OFF();
				Serial_SendString("LED_OFF_OK\r\n");
				OLED_ShowString(2, 1, "                ");
				OLED_ShowString(2, 1, "LED_OFF_OK");
			}
			else
			{
				Serial_SendString("ERROR_COMMAND\r\n");
				OLED_ShowString(2, 1, "                ");
				OLED_ShowString(2, 1, "ERROR_COMMAND");
			}
			
			Serial_RxFlag = 0;
		}
	}
}

Serial.c

#include "stm32f10x.h"                  // Device header
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdarg.h>

char Serial_RxPacket[100];
uint8_t Serial_RxFlag;

void Serial_Init(void)
{
	RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_USART1, ENABLE);
	RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOA, ENABLE);
	
	GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStructure;
	GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_AF_PP;
	GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_9;
	GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_50MHz;
	GPIO_Init(GPIOA, &GPIO_InitStructure);
	
	GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_IPU;
	GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_10;
	GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_50MHz;
	GPIO_Init(GPIOA, &GPIO_InitStructure);
	
	USART_InitTypeDef USART_InitStructure;
	USART_InitStructure.USART_BaudRate = 9600;
	USART_InitStructure.USART_HardwareFlowControl = USART_HardwareFlowControl_None;
	USART_InitStructure.USART_Mode = USART_Mode_Tx | USART_Mode_Rx;
	USART_InitStructure.USART_Parity = USART_Parity_No;
	USART_InitStructure.USART_StopBits = USART_StopBits_1;
	USART_InitStructure.USART_WordLength = USART_WordLength_8b;
	USART_Init(USART1, &USART_InitStructure);
	
	USART_ITConfig(USART1, USART_IT_RXNE, ENABLE);
	
	NVIC_PriorityGroupConfig(NVIC_PriorityGroup_2);
	
	NVIC_InitTypeDef NVIC_InitStructure;
	NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannel = USART1_IRQn;
	NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelCmd = ENABLE;
	NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelPreemptionPriority = 1;
	NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelSubPriority = 1;
	NVIC_Init(&NVIC_InitStructure);
	
	USART_Cmd(USART1, ENABLE);
}	

void Serial_SendByte(uint8_t Byte)
{
	USART_SendData(USART1, Byte);
	while (USART_GetFlagStatus(USART1, USART_FLAG_TXE) == RESET);
}

void Serial_SendArray(uint8_t *Array, uint16_t Length)
{
	uint16_t i;
	for (i = 0; i < Length; i++)
	{
		Serial_SendByte(Array[i]);
	}
}

void Serial_SendString(char *String)
{
	uint8_t i;
	for (i = 0; String[i] != '\0'; i++)
	{
		Serial_SendByte(String[i]);
	}
}

uint32_t Serial_Pow(uint32_t X, uint32_t Y)
{
	uint32_t Result = 1;
	while (Y--)
	{
		Result *= X;
	}
	return Result;
}

void Serial_SendNumber(uint32_t Number, uint8_t Length)
{
	uint8_t i;
	for (i =0 ; i < Length; i++)
	{
		Serial_SendByte(Number / Serial_Pow(10, Length - i - 1) % 10 + 0x30);
	}
}

int fputc(int ch, FILE *f)
{
	Serial_SendByte(ch);
	return ch;
}

void Serial_Printf(char *format, ...)
{
	char String[100];
	va_list arg;
	va_start(arg, format);
	vsprintf(String, format, arg);
	va_end(arg);
	Serial_SendString(String);
}

void USART1_IRQHandler(void)
{
	static uint8_t RxState = 0;
	static uint8_t pRxPacket = 0;
	if (USART_GetITStatus(USART1, USART_IT_RXNE) == SET)
	{
		uint8_t RxData = USART_ReceiveData(USART1);
		
		if (RxState == 0)
		{
			if (RxData == '@' && Serial_RxFlag == 0)
			{
				RxState = 1;
				pRxPacket=0;
			}
		}
		else if (RxState == 1) 
		{
			if (RxData == '\r')
			{
				RxState = 2;
			}
			else
			{
				Serial_RxPacket[pRxPacket] = RxData;
				pRxPacket++;	
			}
		}
		else if (RxState == 2)
		{
			if (RxData == '\n')
			{
				RxState = 0;
				Serial_RxPacket[pRxPacket] = '\0';
				Serial_RxFlag = 1;
			}
		}
		
		USART_ClearITPendingBit(USART1, USART_IT_RXNE);
	}
}

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