无人值守批量安装

一、ubuntu 无人值守批量安装

目前无人值守bios系统文档较多
UEFI【如22.04.5】【机器要改启动方式】教程较少，很多教程不可信

前言+小结：有选择情况下，bios

1. 1 iPXE/PXE无人值守ubuntu22.04.5 【UEFI】

(1)有自动化脚本，但是，试验只能做到获取镜像，cloud init失败，需要手动安装。注意tftp共享目录，不同版本ubuntu有区别
   https://blog.youkuaiyun.com/supahero/article/details/115829836
(2)亲测可用
   https://blog.youkuaiyun.com/hg_zhh/article/details/127670774        
   但测出，只有使用如下user-data才可行    
   不用配置dns，ipxe-server用IP      
   虚拟机循环启动【原因是安装完成重启】，F2将开机启动方式设置为硬盘    
   vmware进入 bios设置的方法：https://blog.youkuaiyun.com/qq_45069279/article/details/113879143

#cloud-config
autoinstall:
  version: 1
  locale: en_US.UTF-8
  keyboard:
    layout: us
  network:
    network:
      version: 2
      ethernets:
        eth0:
          dhcp4: true
  storage:
    layout:
      name: lvm
      match:
        path: /dev/sda
  identity:
    hostname: ubuntu-server
    username: admin
    password: "$6$exDY1mhS4KUYCE/2$W/o2X2.cR.K6B9/ypixS8y5mZ4SK8FiUDBsYDcY7f58I5HTZCzU3cLbF5bRZ2WYVGBJc5mDd2.9g/fZPOMvT1"
  ssh:
    install-server: true
    allow-pw: true
    authorized-keys:
      - ssh-rsa AAAAB3NzaC1yc2EAAAADAQABAAABAQD3bN6ZqKjGW/cVi4H5FpLlK8s4EtaijNR6JNq+QzG0+28W85pJyQX9B6N1hR3cJqXbkN5yypXMrD5S2ZIRW4wXk5A3+7+6SvZCJ/a3yX6kZT6HsD8d8/odFVcRq7ROtK5+3d6pP5itz8SOxL2aFlL/4H+R4j/4xPdQF4J3yKEd4W8o/4Hjr0JCs/5fgC9xGi1Jh2Fp/roUAWL4S7oKipFivlL4H3w5bR7Hy8C7+4RqBB8TnK/JCJfB8Lds6R8dh4lGu9i5Sv5R9Y4Bx64/9v6Dwbl8I1sfTfwHATjOvKJF1R8n8mHWxGX/bDtL2AIxBDuWb6CoqjQZ1n/1XHdC9h
  packages:
    - vim
    - git
  user-data:
    disable_root: false
  late-commands:
    - echo 'ubuntu ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD:ALL' > /target/etc/sudoers.d/ubuntu
  updates: security
  apt:
    primary:
      - arches: [amd64, i386]
        uri: http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu

#cloud-config
autoinstall:
  version: 1
  locale: en_US.UTF-8
  keyboard:
    layout: us
  network:
    version: 2
    ethernets:
      eth0:
        dhcp4: true
  storage:
    config:
      - type: disk
        id: disk0
        ptable: gpt
        path: /dev/sda
        wipe: superblock-recursive
        preserve: false
        name: ''
        grub_device: true
      - type: partition
        id: partition0
        device: disk0
        size: 1G
        flag: boot
      - type: partition
        id: partition1
        device: disk0
        size: 19G
      - type: format
        id: format0
        volume: partition0
        fstype: ext4
      - type: format
        id: format1
        volume: partition1
        fstype: lvm_pv
      - type: lvm_volgroup
        id: lvmgroup0
        devices: [format1]
      - type: lvm_partition
        id: lvroot
        volgroup: lvmgroup0
        size: 100%
        name: root
      - type: format
        id: format2
        volume: lvroot
        fstype: ext4
  identity:
    hostname: ubuntu-server
    username: admin
    password: "$6$exDY1mhS4KUYCE/2$W/o2X2.cR.K6B9/ypixS8y5mZ4SK8FiUDBsYDcY7f58I5HTZCzU3cLbF5bRZ2WYVGBJc5mDd2.9g/fZPOMvT1"
  ssh:
    install-server: true
    allow-pw: true
    authorized-keys:
      - ssh-rsa AAAAB3NzaC1yc2EAAAADAQABAAABAQD3bN6ZqKjGW/cVi4H5FpLlK8s4EtaijNR6JNq+QzG0+28W85pJyQX9B6N1hR3cJqXbkN5yypXMrD5S2ZIRW4wXk5A3+7+6SvZCJ/a3yX6kZT6HsD8d8/odFVcRq7ROtK5+3d6pP5itz8SOxL2aFlL/4H+R4j/4xPdQF4J3yKEd4W8o/4Hjr0JCs/5fgC9xGi1Jh2Fp/roUAWL4S7oKipFivlL4H3w5bR7Hy8C7+4RqBB8TnK/JCJfB8Lds6R8dh4lGu9i5Sv5R9Y4Bx64/9v6Dwbl8I1sfTfwHATjOvKJF1R8n8mHWxGX/bDtL2AIxBDuWb6CoqjQZ1n/1XHdC9h
  packages:
    - vim
    - git
  user-data:
    disable_root: false
  late-commands:
    - echo 'ubuntu ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD:ALL' > /target/etc/sudoers.d/ubuntu
  updates: security
  apt:
    primary:
      - arches: [amd64, i386]
        uri: http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu

1.2 制作新的IOS镜像【封装应答文件】 + PXE

• ubuntu这种系统，应该将cloudinit（autoinstall）制作到新镜像中，拿这个镜像安装系统，就可以不用手动安装
• 单机安装 / 批量安装

封装方式：
https://blog.youkuaiyun.com/weixin_49393427/article/details/123505287
https://blog.youkuaiyun.com/Dream_ya/article/details/141814524
https://www.cnblogs.com/super-age/p/14952469.html

二、 红帽系列

Boot server

启动文件

initrd.img(内核驱动)  
pxelinux.cfg(菜单文件存放目录)  
vesamenu.c32(图形模块)
pxelinux.0(网卡引导文件)  
splash.png(背景图片)    
vmlinuz(启动内核)

OS server

iso镜像
ks应答文件