* observe the value at the time that {@link #get} was called. Updates and
* removals after the call do not impact ongoing reads.
* 调用get来读entry的快照。当get调用时读者读其值，更新或者删除不会影响先前的读
*
*
This class is tolerant of some I/O errors. If files are missing from the
* filesystem, the corresponding entries will be dropped from the cache. If
* an error occurs while writing a cache value, the edit will fail silently.
* Callers should handle other problems by catching {@code IOException} and
* responding appropriately.
* 该类可以容忍一些I/O errors。如果文件丢失啦，相应的entry就会被drop。写cache时如果error发生，edit将失败。
* 调用者应当相应的处理其它问题
*/
public final class DiskLruCache implements Closeable {
static final String JOURNAL_FILE = “journal”;
static final String JOURNAL_FILE_TMP = “journal.tmp”;
static final String MAGIC = “libcore.io.DiskLruCache”;
static final String VERSION_1 = “1”;
static final long ANY_SEQUENCE_NUMBER = -1;
private static final String CLEAN = “CLEAN”;
private static final String DIRTY = “DIRTY”;
private static final String REMOVE = “REMOVE”;
private static final String READ = “READ”;
private static final Charset UTF_8 = Charset.forName(“UTF-8”);
private static final int IO_BUFFER_SIZE = 8 * 1024;//8K
/*
* This cache uses a journal file named “journal”. A typical journal file
* looks like this:
* libcore.io.DiskLruCache
* 1 //the disk cache’s version
* 100 //the application’s version
* 2 //value count
*
* //state key optional
* CLEAN 3400330d1dfc7f3f7f4b8d4d803dfcf6 832 21054
* DIRTY 335c4c6028171cfddfbaae1a9c313c52
* CLEAN 335c4c6028171cfddfbaae1a9c313c52 3934 2342
* REMOVE 335c4c6028171cfddfbaae1a9c313c52
* DIRTY 1ab96a171faeeee38496d8b330771a7a
* CLEAN 1ab96a171faeeee38496d8b330771a7a 1600 234
* READ 335c4c6028171cfddfbaae1a9c313c52
* READ 3400330d1dfc7f3f7f4b8d4d803dfcf6
*
* The first five lines of the journal form its header. They are the
* constant string “libcore.io.DiskLruCache”, the disk cache’s version,
* the application’s version, the value count, and a blank line.
*
* Each of the subsequent lines in the file is a record of the state of a
* cache entry. Each line contains space-separated values: a state, a key,
* and optional state-specific values.
* o DIRTY lines track that an entry is actively being created or updated.
* Every successful DIRTY action should be followed by a CLEAN or REMOVE
* action. DIRTY lines without a matching CLEAN or REMOVE indicate that
* temporary files may need to be deleted.
* Dirty是entry被创建或者更新，每一个dirty应当被clean或remove action，如果有一行dirty没有
* 匹配的clean或Remove action，就表示临时文件需要被删除。
* o CLEAN lines track a cache entry that has been successfully published
* and may be read. A publish line is followed by the lengths of each of
* its values.
* Clean entry已经成功的发布并且可能会被读过。一个发布行
* o READ lines track accesses for LRU.
* Read表示LRU访问
* o REMOVE lines track entries that have been deleted.
* Remove表示entry已经被删除
*
* The journal file is appended to as cache operations occur. The journal may
* occasionally be compacted by dropping redundant lines. A temporary file named
* “journal.tmp” will be used during compaction; that file should be deleted if
* it exists when the cache is opened.
* 日志文件在cache操作发生时添加，日志可能O尔删除的冗余行来压缩。一个临时的名字为journal.tmp的文件将被使用
* 在压缩期间。当cache被opened的时候文件应当被删除。
*/
private final File directory;
private final File journalFile;//日志文件
private final File journalFileTmp;//日志文件临时文件
private final int appVersion;//应用ersion
private final long maxSize;//最大空间
private final int valueCount;//key对应的value的个数
private long size = 0;
private Writer journalWriter;
private final LinkedHashMap<String, Entry> lruEntries
= new LinkedHashMap<String, Entry>(0, 0.75f, true);
private int redundantOpCount;
/**
* To differentiate between old and current snapshots, each entry is given
* a sequence number each time an edit is committed. A snapshot is stale if
* its sequence number is not equal to its entry’s sequence number.
* 区分老的和当前的快照，每一个实体在每次编辑被committed时都被赋予一个序列号。
* 一个快照的序列号如果不等于entry的序列号那它就是废弃的。
*/
private long nextSequenceNumber = 0;
//数组拷贝
/* From java.util.Arrays */
@SuppressWarnings(“unchecked”)
private static T[] copyOfRange(T[] original, int start, int end) {
final int originalLength = original.length; // For exception priority compatibility.
if (start > end) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException();
}
if (start < 0 || start > originalLength) {
throw new ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException();
}
final int resultLength = end - start;
final int copyLength = Math.min(resultLength, originalLength - start);
final T[] result = (T[]) Array
.newInstance(original.getClass().getComponentType(), resultLength);
System.arraycopy(original, start, result, 0, copyLength);
return result;
}
/**
* Returns the remainder of ‘reader’ as a string, closing it when done.
* 返回String的值，然后close
*/
public static String readFully(Reader reader) throws IOException {
try {
StringWriter writer = new StringWriter();
char[] buffer = new char[1024];
int count;
while ((count = reader.read(buffer)) != -1) {
writer.write(buffer, 0, count);
}
return writer.toString();
} finally {
reader.close();
}
}
/**
* Returns the ASCII characters up to but not including the next “\r\n”, or
* “\n”.
*
* @throws java.io.EOFException if the stream is exhausted before the next newline
* character.
* 读取输入流中返回的某行ASCII码字符
*/
public static String readAsciiLine(InputStream in) throws IOException {
// TODO: support UTF-8 here instead
StringBuilder result = new StringBuilder(80);
while (true) {
int c = in.read();
if (c == -1) {
throw new EOFException();
} else if (c == ‘\n’) {
break;
}
result.append((char) c);
}
int length = result.length();
if (length > 0 && result.charAt(length - 1) == ‘\r’) {
result.setLength(length - 1);
}
return result.toString();
}
/**
* Closes ‘closeable’, ignoring any checked exceptions. Does nothing if ‘closeable’ is null.
* closeable关闭
*/
public static void closeQuietly(Closeable closeable) {
if (closeable != null) {
try {
closeable.close();
} catch (RuntimeException rethrown) {
throw rethrown;
} catch (Exception ignored) {
}
}
}
/**
* Recursively delete everything in {@code dir}.
* 递归删除dir
*/
// TODO: this should specify paths as Strings rather than as Files
public static void deleteContents(File dir) throws IOException {
File[] files = dir.listFiles();
if (files == null) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("not a directory: " + dir);
}
for (File file : files) {
if (file.isDirectory()) {
deleteContents(file);
}
if (!file.delete()) {
throw new IOException("failed to delete file: " + file);
}
}
}
/** This cache uses a single background thread to evict entries.
* 后台单线程回收entry
*/
private final ExecutorService executorService = new ThreadPoolExecutor(0, 1,
60L, TimeUnit.SECONDS, new LinkedBlockingQueue());
private final Callable cleanupCallable = new Callable() {
@Override public Void call() throws Exception {
synchronized (DiskLruCache.this) {
if (journalWriter == null) {
return null; // closed
}
trimToSize();//回收到满足maxsize
if (journalRebuildRequired()) {
rebuildJournal();
redundantOpCount = 0;
}
}
return null;
}
};
//构造器
private DiskLruCache(File directory, int appVersion, int valueCount, long maxSize) {
this.directory = directory;
this.appVersion = appVersion;
this.journalFile = new File(directory, JOURNAL_FILE);
this.journalFileTmp = new File(directory, JOURNAL_FILE_TMP);
this.valueCount = valueCount;
this.maxSize = maxSize;
}
/**
* Opens the cache in {@code directory}, creating a cache if none exists
* there.
* 创建cache
*
* @param directory a writable directory
* @param appVersion
* @param valueCount the number of values per cache entry. Must be positive.
* 每一个key相对应的value的数目
* @param maxSize the maximum number of bytes this cache should use to store
* @throws IOException if reading or writing the cache directory fails
*/
public static DiskLruCache open(File directory, int appVersion, int valueCount, long maxSize)
throws IOException {
if (maxSize <= 0) {//maxsize必须大于0
throw new IllegalArgumentException(“maxSize <= 0”);
}
if (valueCount <= 0) {//valuecount也必须大于0
throw new IllegalArgumentException(“valueCount <= 0”);
}
// prefer to pick up where we left off优先处理先前的cache
DiskLruCache cache = new DiskLruCache(directory, appVersion, valueCount, maxSize);
if (cache.journalFile.exists()) {
try {
cache.readJournal();
cache.processJournal();
cache.journalWriter = new BufferedWriter(new FileWriter(cache.journalFile, true),
IO_BUFFER_SIZE);
return cache;
} catch (IOException journalIsCorrupt) {
// System.logW("DiskLruCache " + directory + " is corrupt: "
// + journalIsCorrupt.getMessage() + “, removing”);
cache.delete();
}
}
// create a new empty cache创建一个空新的cache
directory.mkdirs();
cache = new DiskLruCache(directory, appVersion, valueCount, maxSize);
cache.rebuildJournal();
return cache;
}
//读取日志信息
private void readJournal() throws IOException {
InputStream in = new BufferedInputStream(new FileInputStream(journalFile), IO_BUFFER_SIZE);
try {
String magic = readAsciiLine(in);
String version = readAsciiLine(in);
String appVersionString = readAsciiLine(in);
String valueCountString = readAsciiLine(in);
String blank = readAsciiLine(in);
if (!MAGIC.equals(magic)
|| !VERSION_1.equals(version)
|| !Integer.toString(appVersion).equals(appVersionString)
|| !Integer.toString(valueCount).equals(valueCountString)
|| !“”.equals(blank)) {
throw new IOException(“unexpected journal header: [”
- magic + ", " + version + ", " + valueCountString + ", " + blank + “]”);
}
while (true) {
try {
readJournalLine(readAsciiLine(in));//读取日志信息
} catch (EOFException endOfJournal) {
break;
}
}
} finally {
closeQuietly(in);//关闭输入流
}
}
//读取日志中某行日志信息
private void readJournalLine(String line) throws IOException {
String[] parts = line.split(" ");
if (parts.length < 2) {
throw new IOException("unexpected journal line: " + line);
}
String key = parts[1];
if (parts[0].equals(REMOVE) && parts.length == 2) {
lruEntries.remove(key);
return;
}
Entry entry = lruEntries.get(key);
if (entry == null) {
entry = new Entry(key);
lruEntries.put(key, entry);
}
if (parts[0].equals(CLEAN) && parts.length == 2 + valueCount) {
entry.readable = true;
entry.currentEditor = null;
entry.setLengths(copyOfRange(parts, 2, parts.length));
} else if (parts[0].equals(DIRTY) && parts.length == 2) {
entry.currentEditor = new Editor(entry);
} else if (parts[0].equals(READ) && parts.length == 2) {
// this work was already done by calling lruEntries.get()
} else {
throw new IOException("unexpected journal line: " + line);
}
}
/**
* Computes the initial size and collects garbage as a part of opening the
* cache. Dirty entries are assumed to be inconsistent and will be deleted.
* 处理日志
* 计算初始化cache的初始化大小和收集垃圾。Dirty entry假定不一致将会被删掉。
*/
private void processJournal() throws IOException {
deleteIfExists(journalFileTmp);//删除日志文件
for (Iterator i = lruEntries.values().iterator(); i.hasNext(); ) {
Entry entry = i.next();
if (entry.currentEditor == null) {
for (int t = 0; t < valueCount; t++) {
size += entry.lengths[t];
}
} else {
entry.currentEditor = null;
for (int t = 0; t < valueCount; t++) {
deleteIfExists(entry.getCleanFile(t));
deleteIfExists(entry.getDirtyFile(t));
}
i.remove();
}
}
}
/**
* Creates a new journal that omits redundant information. This replaces the
* current journal if it exists.
* 创建一个新的删掉冗余信息的日志。替换当前的日志
*/
private synchronized void rebuildJournal() throws IOException {
if (journalWriter != null) {
journalWriter.close();
}
Writer writer = new BufferedWriter(new FileWriter(journalFileTmp), IO_BUFFER_SIZE);
writer.write(MAGIC);
writer.write(“\n”);
writer.write(VERSION_1);
writer.write(“\n”);
writer.write(Integer.toString(appVersion));
writer.write(“\n”);
writer.write(Integer.toString(valueCount));
writer.write(“\n”);
writer.write(“\n”);
for (Entry entry : lruEntries.values()) {
if (entry.currentEditor != null) {
writer.write(DIRTY + ’ ’ + entry.key + ‘\n’);
} else {
writer.write(CLEAN + ’ ’ + entry.key + entry.getLengths() + ‘\n’);
}
}
writer.close();
journalFileTmp.renameTo(journalFile);
journalWriter = new BufferedWriter(new FileWriter(journalFile, true), IO_BUFFER_SIZE);
}
//文件若存在删除
private static void deleteIfExists(File file) throws IOException {
// try {
// Libcore.os.remove(file.getPath());
// } catch (ErrnoException errnoException) {
// if (errnoException.errno != OsConstants.ENOENT) {
// throw errnoException.rethrowAsIOException();
// }
// }
if (file.exists() && !file.delete()) {
throw new IOException();
}
}
/**
* Returns a snapshot of the entry named {@code key}, or null if it doesn’t
* exist is not currently readable. If a value is returned, it is moved to
* the head of the LRU queue.
* 返回key对应的entry的snapshot，当key相应的entry不存在或者当前不可读时返回null。
* 如果返回相应的值，它就会被移动到LRU队列的头部。
*/
public synchronized Snapshot get(String key) throws IOException {
checkNotClosed();//检查cache是否已关闭
validateKey(key);//验证key格式的正确性
Entry entry = lruEntries.get(key);
if (entry == null) {
return null;
}
if (!entry.readable) {
return null;
}
/*
* Open all streams eagerly to guarantee that we see a single published
* snapshot. If we opened streams lazily then the streams could come
* from different edits.
*/
InputStream[] ins = new InputStream[valueCount];
try {
for (int i = 0; i < valueCount; i++) {
ins[i] = new FileInputStream(entry.getCleanFile(i));
}
} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
// a file must have been deleted manually!
return null;
}
redundantOpCount++;
journalWriter.append(READ + ’ ’ + key + ‘\n’);
if (journalRebuildRequired()) {
executorService.submit(cleanupCallable);
}
return new Snapshot(key, entry.sequenceNumber, ins);
}
/**
* Returns an editor for the entry named {@code key}, or null if another
* edit is in progress.
*/
public Editor edit(String key) throws IOException {
return edit(key, ANY_SEQUENCE_NUMBER);
}
//有key和序列号生成一个editor
private synchronized Editor edit(String key, long expectedSequenceNumber) throws IOException {
checkNotClosed();//检查cache关闭与否
validateKey(key);//验证key格式正确性
Entry entry = lruEntries.get(key);
if (expectedSequenceNumber != ANY_SEQUENCE_NUMBER
&& (entry == null || entry.sequenceNumber != expectedSequenceNumber)) {
return null; // snapshot is stale
}
if (entry == null) {
entry = new Entry(key);
lruEntries.put(key, entry);
} else if (entry.currentEditor != null) {
return null; // another edit is in progress
}
Editor editor = new Editor(entry);
entry.currentEditor = editor;
// flush the journal before creating files to prevent file leaks
journalWriter.write(DIRTY + ’ ’ + key + ‘\n’);
journalWriter.flush();
return editor;
}
/**
* Returns the directory where this cache stores its data.
*/
public File getDirectory() {
return directory;
}
/**
* Returns the maximum number of bytes that this cache should use to store
* its data.
*/
public long maxSize() {
return maxSize;
}
/**
* Returns the number of bytes currently being used to store the values in
* this cache. This may be greater than the max size if a background
* deletion is pending.
*/
public synchronized long size() {
return size;
}
//完成Edit动作
private synchronized void completeEdit(Editor editor, boolean success) throws IOException {
Entry entry = editor.entry;
if (entry.currentEditor != editor) {
throw new IllegalStateException();
}
总结
最后对于程序员来说，要学习的知识内容、技术有太多太多，要想不被环境淘汰就只有不断提升自己，从来都是我们去适应环境，而不是环境来适应我们！
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相信它会给大家带来很多收获：
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当程序员容易，当一个优秀的程序员是需要不断学习的，从初级程序员到高级程序员，从初级架构师到资深架构师，或者走向管理，从技术经理到技术总监，每个阶段都需要掌握不同的能力。早早确定自己的职业方向，才能在工作和能力提升中甩开同龄人。
自我介绍一下，小编13年上海交大毕业，曾经在小公司待过，也去过华为、OPPO等大厂，18年进入阿里一直到现在。
深知大多数初中级安卓工程师，想要提升技能，往往是自己摸索成长，但自己不成体系的自学效果低效又漫长，而且极易碰到天花板技术停滞不前！
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如果你觉得这些内容对你有帮助，可以添加下面V无偿领取！（备注Android）
hrow new IllegalStateException();
}
总结
最后对于程序员来说，要学习的知识内容、技术有太多太多，要想不被环境淘汰就只有不断提升自己，从来都是我们去适应环境，而不是环境来适应我们！
这里附上上述的技术体系图相关的几十套腾讯、头条、阿里、美团等公司2021年的面试题，把技术点整理成了视频和PDF（实际上比预期多花了不少精力），包含知识脉络 + 诸多细节，由于篇幅有限，这里以图片的形式给大家展示一部分。
相信它会给大家带来很多收获：
[外链图片转存中…(img-7hw57tv2-1710959971051)]
[外链图片转存中…(img-46rbSBHk-1710959971052)]
上述【高清技术脑图】以及【配套的架构技术PDF】可以关注我免费获取
当程序员容易，当一个优秀的程序员是需要不断学习的，从初级程序员到高级程序员，从初级架构师到资深架构师，或者走向管理，从技术经理到技术总监，每个阶段都需要掌握不同的能力。早早确定自己的职业方向，才能在工作和能力提升中甩开同龄人。
自我介绍一下，小编13年上海交大毕业，曾经在小公司待过，也去过华为、OPPO等大厂，18年进入阿里一直到现在。
深知大多数初中级安卓工程师，想要提升技能，往往是自己摸索成长，但自己不成体系的自学效果低效又漫长，而且极易碰到天花板技术停滞不前！
因此收集整理了一份《2024年最新Android移动开发全套学习资料》送给大家，初衷也很简单，就是希望能够帮助到想自学提升又不知道该从何学起的朋友，同时减轻大家的负担。
[外链图片转存中…(img-IOnMf9To-1710959971052)]
[外链图片转存中…(img-TnCRu9ra-1710959971052)]
[外链图片转存中…(img-gpQOk4Va-1710959971053)]
[外链图片转存中…(img-yp4zq74c-1710959971053)]
由于文件比较大，这里只是将部分目录截图出来，每个节点里面都包含大厂面经、学习笔记、源码讲义、实战项目、讲解视频
如果你觉得这些内容对你有帮助，可以添加下面V无偿领取！（备注Android）
[外链图片转存中…(img-HUR8KmmT-1710959971054)]
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