解决 “糟糕！出错啦！系统出错且无法恢复。请联系系统管理员”

尝试 01

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt --fix-broken install
sudo dpkg --configure -a
sudo do-release-upgrade -y
sudo apt-get autoremove
sudo apt-get clean

尝试 02

克隆 / 分区后操作

sudo apt install schroot debootstrap
df
umount <sys_blk>
# 卸载系统分区
blkid
sudo tune2fs -U random /dev/<sys_blk>
# 修改 uuid
sudo mkdir /mnt/<path_name>
sudo mount /dev/<blk> /mnt/<path_name>
schroot /mnt/<path_name>
sudo apt update &&
sudo apt dist-update

查看日志

1. 值得注意的日志

/var/log

 - dmesg：显示信息
 - boot.log：启动信息
 - syslog / messages：系统信息
 - kern.log：内核信息
 - Xorg.#.log：桌面信息
 - 监控日志的工具：tail -f / inotifywait -m -r / auditd / sysdig

2. 修改启动输出的方法：修改 grub 文件的 GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT 和GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX，然后记得修改后运行 update-grub
3. 查看启动输出：journalctl -b / jourbalctl -f
4. 出错关键字
   • kernel panic
   • error: file not found
   • Failed to start / dependency failed
   • Emergency mode

5. lsmod 的使用

DM 问题

不想换 DM 就换 amd 或者禁用 wayland
/etc/gdm3/custom.conf 中 WaylandEnable=false

1. 安装 DM 以 LightDM 为例

echo $XDG_SESSION_TYPE
apt-get install lightdm

重新配置 DM

dpkg-reconfigure lightdm

• 如果不管用，试试下面的命令

sudo echo '/usr/sbin/lightdm' > /etc/X11/default-display-manager
sudo echo 'DEFAULT_LIGHTDM=true' >> /etc/initramfs-tools/conf.d/resume
sudo mv /usr/share/xsessions/gnome.desktop
/usr/share/wayland-sessions/
sudo update-rc.d lightdm defaults
sudo systemctl status gdm3*
sudo systemctl [enable|start|restart] lightdm.service

cat << EOF > $HOME/.dmrc
[Desktop]
Session=wayland
EOF


sudo cp /etc/default/grub /etc/default/grub.mybak_here
sudo nvim /etc/default/grub
# 修改 GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash lightdm.service"
sudo update-grub

• DM 的选择和启动方式

如果给不同的 DM 配不同的 DE 服务器，我们就可以同时使用多个 DM。这需要在 /etc/init.d 相应的目录下配置它们对应的 init 脚本来实现，并在配置后禁用默认 DE。(因为自动会干扰手动

sudo systemctl get-default # 查看启动方式
sudo systemctl set-default multi-user.target # CLI 启动
sudo systemctl set-default graphical.target # GUI 启动

• DM 配置文件

配置位置：/etc/lightdm 和 /usr/share/lightdm
将文件例如命名为 /etc/lightdm/lightdm.conf.d/50-wayland.conf

cat /etc/log/lightdm/lightdm.log
sudo systemctl restart lightdm

其它

1. 如果你 emacs 和 nvim 暂时无法使用，可能是因为它依赖于snap的服务。这是 nano 的实用快捷键
   • M-N 显示行号
   • M-/ 跳转文件尾部
   • ^Q 搜索
   • M-Q/W 上一个/下一个
   • ^S ^O 保存退出
2. 试试不同的内核模式
3. 检查文件系统：sudo fsck -f -t ext4 /dev/<your_blk>
4. 检查分区表：fdisk gparted
5. 任选一种检查显卡的办法
   • lspci | grep -i vga
   • lspci -k | grep -A 2 -i vga
   • lshw -class display
   • grep -i nvidia /var/log/Xorg.0.log
   • glxinfo && uname -r
   • inxi -G
   • hwinfo --gfxcard
   • lsmod # 关键字是 nvme / nvidia
6. 检查其它硬件：smartctl memtest

参考

• https://blog.youkuaiyun.com/weixin_46121449/article/details/119905074
• https://blog.youkuaiyun.com/Perfect886/article/details/134381953
• https://askubuntu.com/questions/1271535/while-upgrading-my-ubuntu-from-18-04-to-20-04-it-stopped-responding-and-i-forced
• https://askubuntu.com/questions/1371674/oh-no-something-has-gone-wrong-please-contact-system-administrator
• https://askubuntu.com/questions/1283955/computer-crashed-while-updating-to-new-ubuntu-20-04-release
• https://askubuntu.com/questions/1433027/upgrade-to-ubuntu-20-04-but-get-message-oh-no-something-has-gone-wrong
• https://askubuntu.com/questions/1500526/oh-no-something-has-gone-wrong-the-system-cant-recover
• https://askubuntu.com/questions/1407871/ubuntu-22-04-unity-desktop-environment-oh-no-something-has-gone-wrong
• https://askubuntu.com/questions/1186962/gnome-not-starting-on-19-10-with-my-existing-user-but-does-start-with-a-new-user
• https://askubuntu.com/questions/1446788/ubuntu-22-10-oh-no-something-has-gone-wrong
• https://askubuntu.com/questions/1253349/upgrading-from-18-04-to-20-04-oh-no-something-has-gone-wrong
• https://askubuntu.com/questions/1403433/update-to-22-04-on-dell-latitude-e7440
• https://askubuntu.com/questions/1187562/cant-use-my-desktop-on-ubuntu-19-10-after-upgrading-from-18-04
• https://askubuntu.com/questions/1288929/partial-upgrade-from-20-04-lts-to-20-10
• https://askubuntu.com/questions/1461463/kubuntu-22-04-oh-no-something-has-gone-wrong
• https://askubuntu.com/questions/1471200/orange-pi-ubuntu-jammy-unable-to-login-new-user
• https://askubuntu.com/questions/1467452/ubuntu-22-04-oh-no-something-has-gone-wrong-after-installing-nvidia
• https://askubuntu.com/questions/1214624/ubuntu-19-10-gui-gnome-will-not-load
• https://askubuntu.com/questions/1349224/problems-upgrading-to-ubuntu-21-04
• https://askubuntu.com/questions/1509060/i-updated-ubuntu-22-and-got-oh-no-something-has-gone-wrong
• https://askubuntu.com/questions/1268860/ubuntu-20-04-oh-no-something-has-gone-wrong-and-the-system-cant-recover-erro
• https://askubuntu.com/questions/1369310/ubuntu-21-10-gdm-problem-login-screen
• https://askubuntu.com/questions/1433546/ubuntu-22-04-1-lts-oh-no-something-went-wrong-please-contact-your-administrator
• https://askubuntu.com/questions/1475045/oh-no-something-has-gone-wrong-ubuntu-23-04-xrdp-xfce-desktop-google
• https://askubuntu.com/questions/1490182/how-to-solve-the-oh-no-something-has-gone-wrong-error
• https://askubuntu.com/questions/1481577/vm-crashed-during-ubuntu-update-and-doesnt-start-anymore
• https://askubuntu.com/questions/1183210/login-loop-on-ubuntu-19-10