SpringBoot实现邮件发送

Horizon⸙

已于 2022-07-22 17:13:07 修改

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分类专栏： Java基础文章标签： java spring boot 开发语言

于 2022-06-14 16:22:01 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.youkuaiyun.com/m0_51205511/article/details/125280221

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需求背景

因项目需求，需要实现Java发送邮件预警，这里简单的做一个spring boot项目实现Java发送邮件示例（简单调通）；
发送邮箱：xxx@qq.com，配置项都和邮箱有关，比如qq邮箱发送和网易邮箱发送的配置就不一样；
接受邮箱：不规定；
项目是sprint boot项目；
文章不列出踩过的坑，按照正确的步骤一把过。

实现过程

开启POP3/SMTP服务

打开网站登录qq邮箱

登录QQ邮箱

开启POP3/SMTP服务

书写发送邮件部分代码

引入依赖

<dependencies>
	<dependency> 
	    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
	    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-mail</artifactId>
	</dependency> 
</dependencies>

在application.yml中添加邮箱配置

spring:
  mail:
    host: smtp.qq.com #邮箱服务器地址(其他非qq邮箱服务器地址需要对应修改)
    username: 11xxxxxx50@qq.com #用户名
    password: jchdzdeppdtjxhbhe #密码
    default-encoding: UTF-8

mail:
  fromMail.addr: 11xxxxxx50@qq.com  #以谁来发送邮件

上图中的password需要登录邮箱生成，如下（按照提示发送短信就会生成）：

基本类：Mail

@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
public class Mail {

    private String to;

    private String subject;

    private String content;
}

服务层接口：MailService

public interface MailService {

    void sendSimpleMail(Mail mail);
}

服务层实现类：MailServiceImpl

@Service
public class MailServiceImpl implements MailService {

    final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(this.getClass());

    @Autowired
    private JavaMailSender mailSender;

    @Value("${mail.fromMail.addr}")
    private String from;

    @Override
    public void sendSimpleMail(Mail mail) {
        SimpleMailMessage message = new SimpleMailMessage();
        message.setFrom(from);
        message.setTo(mail.getTo());
        message.setSubject(mail.getSubject());
        message.setText(mail.getContent());

        try {
            mailSender.send(message);
            logger.info("简单邮件已经发送。");
        } catch (Exception e) {
            logger.error("发送简单邮件时发生异常！", e);
        }
    }

}

控制层：MailController

@RestController
@RequestMapping("/mail")
public class TestController {

    @Autowired
    private MailServiceImpl mailService;

    @GetMapping("/send")
    public void sendMail(@RequestBody Mail mail) {
        mailService.sendSimpleMail(mail);
    }
}

测试结果

接口请求

发送成功

异常示例

邮箱授权码错误

org.springframework.mail.MailAuthenticationException: Authentication failed; 
    nested exception is javax.mail.AuthenticationFailedException: 535 Login Fail. 
    Please enter your authorization code to login. 
    More information in http://service.mail.qq.com/cgi-bin/help?subtype=1&&id=28&&no=1001256

邮箱服务器地址错误

org.springframework.mail.MailAuthenticationException: Authentication failed; 
    nested exception is javax.mail.AuthenticationFailedException: 535 Error: authentication failed

使用邮箱密码而非生成的授权码

org.springframework.mail.MailAuthenticationException: Authentication failed; 
    nested exception is javax.mail.AuthenticationFailedException: 535 Login Fail. 
    Please enter your authorization code to login. 
    More information in http://service.mail.qq.com/cgi-bin/help?subtype=1&&id=28&&no=1001256

邮箱未开启POP3/SMTP服务

org.springframework.mail.MailAuthenticationException: Authentication failed; 
    nested exception is javax.mail.AuthenticationFailedException: 535 Login Fail. 
    Please enter your authorization code to login. 
    More information in http://service.mail.qq.com/cgi-bin/help?subtype=1&&id=28&&no=1001256

注意："邮箱授权码错误"和"邮箱未开启POP3/SMTP服务"错误一样。