前端开发之xlsx的使用和实例，并导出多个sheet

前言

在实现业务功能中导出是必不可少的功能，接下来为大家演示在导出xlsx的时候的操作

效果图

1、安装

npm install xlsx -S
npm install file-saver

2、在页面中引用

值得注意的是再引用xlsx的时候vue3和vue2写法不同
vue2：import xlsx from ‘xlsx’
vue3：import * as XLSX from ‘xlsx’

3、封装工具类（excel.js）

import { saveAs } from 'file-saver'
import * as XLSX from 'xlsx'

function generateArray (table) {
  const out = []
  const rows = table.querySelectorAll('tr')
  const ranges = []
  for (let R = 0; R < rows.length; ++R) {
    const outRow = []
    const row = rows[R]
    const columns = row.querySelectorAll('td')
    for (let C = 0; C < columns.length; ++C) {
      const cell = columns[C]
      let colspan = cell.getAttribute('colspan')
      let rowspan = cell.getAttribute('rowspan')
      let cellValue = cell.innerText
      if (cellValue !== '' && cellValue === +cellValue) cellValue = +cellValue

      ranges.forEach(function (range) {
        if (
          R >= range.s.r &&
          R <= range.e.r &&
          outRow.length >= range.s.c &&
          outRow.length <= range.e.c
        ) {
          for (let i = 0; i <= range.e.c - range.s.c; ++i) outRow.push(null)
        }
      })

      if (rowspan || colspan) {
        rowspan = rowspan || 1
        colspan = colspan || 1
        ranges.push({
          s: {
            r: R,
            c: outRow.length
          },
          e: {
            r: R + rowspan - 1,
            c: outRow.length + colspan - 1
          }
        })
      }

      outRow.push(cellValue !== '' ? cellValue : null)

      if (colspan) for (let k = 0; k < colspan - 1; ++k) outRow.push(null)
    }
    out.push(outRow)
  }
  return [out, ranges]
}

function datenum (v, date1904) {
  if (date1904) v += 1462
  const epoch = Date.parse(v)
  return (epoch - new Date(Date.UTC(1899, 11, 30))) / (24 * 60 * 60 * 1000)
}

function sheetFromArrayOfArrays (data) {
  const ws = {}
  const range = {
    s: {
      c: 10000000,
      r: 10000000
    },
    e: {
      c: 0,
      r: 0
    }
  }
  for (let R = 0; R !== data.length; ++R) {
    for (let C = 0; C !== data[R].length; ++C) {
      if (range.s.r > R) range.s.r = R
      if (range.s.c > C) range.s.c = C
      if (range.e.r < R) range.e.r = R
      if (range.e.c < C) range.e.c = C
      const cell = {
        v: data[R][C]
      }
      if (cell.v === null) continue
      const cellRef = XLSX.utils.encode_cell({
        c: C,
        r: R
      })

      if (typeof cell.v === 'number') cell.t = 'n'
      else if (typeof cell.v === 'boolean') cell.t = 'b'
      else if (cell.v instanceof Date) {
        cell.t = 'n'
        cell.z = XLSX.SSF._table[14]
        cell.v = datenum(cell.v)
      } else cell.t = 's'

      ws[cellRef] = cell
    }
  }
  if (range.s.c < 10000000) ws['!ref'] = XLSX.utils.encode_range(range)
  return ws
}

function Workbook () {
  if (!(this instanceof Workbook)) return new Workbook()
  this.SheetNames = []
  this.Sheets = {}
}

function s2ab (s) {
  const buf = new ArrayBuffer(s.length)
  const view = new Uint8Array(buf)
  for (let i = 0; i !== s.length; ++i) view[i] = s.charCodeAt(i) & 0xff
  return buf
}

//导出excel的方法
export function exportTableToExcel (id) {
	//获取table的dom节点
  const theTable = document.getElementById(id)
  //获取table的所有数据
  const oo = generateArray(theTable)
  const ranges = oo[1]
  const data = oo[0]
  //设置导出的文件名称
  const wsName = 'SheetJS'
 //设置工作文件
  const wb = new Workbook()
  //设置sheet内容
  const ws = sheetFromArrayOfArrays(data)
  //设置多级表头
  ws['!merges'] = ranges
  //设置sheet的名称  可push多个
  wb.SheetNames.push(wsName)
  //设置sheet的内容
  wb.Sheets[wsName] = ws
  //将wb写入到xlsx
  const wbout = XLSX.write(wb, {
    bookType: 'xlsx',
    bookSST: false,
    type: 'binary'
  })
	//通过s2ab
  saveAs(
    new Blob([s2ab(wbout)], {
      type: 'application/octet-stream'
    }),
    'test.xlsx'
  )
}
export function exportJsonToExcel ({
  multiHeader = [],
  header,
  data,
  filename,
  merges = [],
  autoWidth = true,
  bookType = 'xlsx'
} = {}) {
	//文件名称
  filename = filename || 'excel-list'
  //文件数据
  data = [...data]
  //将表头添加到数据的顶部
  data.unshift(header)

  for (let i = multiHeader.length - 1; i > -1; i--) {
    data.unshift(multiHeader[i])
  }
//设置工作文本
  const wb = new Workbook()
//设置sheet名称
  const wsName = 'SheetJS'
 // 设置sheet数据
  const ws = sheetFromArrayOfArrays(data)

  const tsName = 'Sheetts'
  const ts = sheetFromArrayOfArrays(data)

//设置多级表头
  if (merges.length > 0) {
    if (!ws['!merges']) ws['!merges'] = []
    merges.forEach((item) => {
      ws['!merges'].push(XLSX.utils.decode_range(item))
    })
  }
	//设置自适应行宽
  if (autoWidth) {
    const colWidth = data.map((row) =>
      row.map((val) => {
        if (val === null) {
          return {
            wch: 10
          }
        } else if (val.toString().charCodeAt(0) > 255) {
          return {
            wch: val.toString().length * 2
          }
        } else {
          return {
            wch: val.toString().length
          }
        }
      })
    )
    const result = colWidth[0]
    for (let i = 1; i < colWidth.length; i++) {
      for (let j = 0; j < colWidth[i].length; j++) {
        if (result[j].wch < colWidth[i][j].wch) {
          result[j].wch = colWidth[i][j].wch
        }
      }
    }
    ws['!cols'] = result
  }
	//将数据添加到工作文本
  wb.SheetNames.push(tsName)
  wb.Sheets[tsName] = ts

  wb.SheetNames.push(wsName)
  wb.Sheets[wsName] = ws

  console.log('ws', ws)
//生成xlsx bookType生成的文件类型
  const wbout = XLSX.write(wb, {
    bookType: bookType,
    bookSST: false,
    type: 'binary'
  })
//导出xlsx
  saveAs(
    new Blob([s2ab(wbout)], {
      type: 'application/octet-stream'
    }),
    `${filename}.${bookType}`
  )
}

4、在vue中使用

<template>
  <div class="export-excel-container">
    <vab-query-form>
      <vab-query-form-left-panel :span="24">
        <el-form :inline="true" label-width="100px" @submit.prevent>
          <el-form-item label="文件名">
            <el-input v-model="filename" placeholder="请输出要导出文件的名称" />
          </el-form-item>
          <el-form-item label="文件类型">
            <el-select v-model="bookType">
              <el-option v-for="item in options" :key="item" :label="item" :value="item" />
            </el-select>
          </el-form-item>
          <el-form-item label="自动列宽">
            <el-radio-group v-model="autoWidth">
              <el-radio :label="true">是</el-radio>
              <el-radio :label="false">否</el-radio>
            </el-radio-group>
          </el-form-item>

          <el-form-item>
            <el-button type="primary" @click="handleDownload">
              导出 Excel
            </el-button>
          </el-form-item>
        </el-form>
      </vab-query-form-left-panel>
    </vab-query-form>

    <el-table v-loading="listLoading" border :data="list">
      <el-table-column align="center" label="序号" width="55">
        <template #default="{ $index }">
          {{ $index + 1 }}
        </template>
      </el-table-column>
      <el-table-column align="center" label="标题">
        <template #default="{ row }">
          {{ row.title }}
        </template>
      </el-table-column>
      <el-table-column align="center" label="作者">
        <template #default="{ row }">
          <el-tag>{{ row.author }}</el-tag>
        </template>
      </el-table-column>
      <el-table-column align="center" label="访问量">
        <template #default="{ row }">
          {{ row.pageViews }}
        </template>
      </el-table-column>
      <el-table-column align="center" label="时间">
        <template #default="{ row }">
          <span>{{ row.datetime }}</span>
        </template>
      </el-table-column>
    </el-table>
  </div>
</template>

<script>
// import { getList } from '@/api/table'

export default {
  name: 'ExportExcel',
  data () {
    return {
      list: [],
      listLoading: true,
      downloadLoading: false,
      filename: '',
      autoWidth: true,
      bookType: 'xlsx',
      options: ['xlsx', 'csv', 'txt']
    }
  },
  created () {
    this.fetchData()
  },
  methods: {
    async fetchData () {
      this.listLoading = true
      // const { data } = await getList()
      // const { list } = data
      const list = [{
        uuid: '6Ee7E1dc-d7B2-892C-f880-beDCcE9Fb0A7',
        id: '150000199410253945',
        title: 'Vncrburdy Kqnxftj',
        description: '反工能头书断却在政始保展通数。',
        status: 'deleted',
        author: '武敏',
        datetime: '2010-06-18 02:49:53',
        pageViews: 519,
        img: 'https://gitee.com/chu1204505056/image/raw/master/table/vab-image-7.jpg',
        switch: false,
        percent: 99,
        rate: 4,
        percentage: 66
      },
      {
        uuid: 'cb41dCdD-f6f2-fDbC-6ebA-981e2A7bcFbA',
        id: '350000200904177578',
        title: 'Nkfehdu Ywjgmgvy',
        description: '军族切飞公叫象热各高长则主少。',
        status: 'deleted',
        author: '康娜',
        datetime: '1998-09-19 04:51:45',
        pageViews: 1764,
        img: 'https://gitee.com/chu1204505056/image/raw/master/table/vab-image-18.jpg',
        switch: true,
        percent: 98,
        rate: 3,
        percentage: 28
      },
      {
        uuid: '12D12deF-f5Dc-0aBf-26E7-85f788fADf79',
        id: '320000197711238151',
        title: 'Usplivuxjz',
        description: '太型经经约率放金本属东率确据响查十。',
        status: 'draft',
        author: '蔡霞',
        datetime: '2000-09-10 12:48:00',
        pageViews: 4756,
        img: 'https://gitee.com/chu1204505056/image/raw/master/table/vab-image-20.jpg',
        switch: false,
        percent: 95,
        rate: 3,
        percentage: 14
      }]
      this.list = list
      this.listLoading = false
    },
    handleDownload () {
      this.downloadLoading = true
      import('@/utils/excel').then((excel) => {
        const tHeader = ['Id', 'Title', 'Author', 'Readings', 'Date']
        const filterVal = ['id', 'title', 'author', 'pageViews', 'datetime']
        const list = this.list
        const data = this.formatJson(filterVal, list)
        excel.exportJsonToExcel({
          header: tHeader,
          data,
          filename: this.filename,
          autoWidth: this.autoWidth,
          bookType: this.bookType
        })
        this.downloadLoading = false
      })
    },
    formatJson (filterVal, jsonData) {
      return jsonData.map((v) =>
        filterVal.map((j) => {
          return v[j]
        })
      )
    }
  }
}
</script>