MyBatis入门基础
创建maven工程后,在pom文件中加入下列包:
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
<version>3.4.5</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>5.1.1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>log4j</groupId>
<artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
<version>1.2.12</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.10</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
mybatis的程序首先是对配置文件的要求
第一步是核心配置文件:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<!-- mybatis的主配置文件 -->
<configuration>
<!-- 配置环境 -->
<environments default="mysql">
<!-- 配置mysql的环境-->
<environment id="mysql">
<!-- 配置事务的类型-->
<transactionManager type="JDBC"></transactionManager>
<!-- 配置数据源(连接池) -->
<dataSource type="POOLED">
<!-- 配置连接数据库的4个基本信息 -->
<property name="driver" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"/>
<property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/cz-mybatis"/>
<property name="username" value="root"/>
<property name="password" value="123456"/>
</dataSource>
</environment>
</environments>
<!-- 指定映射配置文件的位置,映射配置文件指的是每个dao独立的配置文件 -->
<mappers>
<mapper resource="com/cz/Dao/UserDao.xml"/>
</mappers>
</configuration>
核心配置文件的mappers标签可以在写完映射文件后再写,这里有对数据库的连接,确定是对哪一个数据库的访问。
日志文件log4j.properties也很重要:
# Set root category priority to INFO and its only appender to CONSOLE.
#log4j.rootCategory=INFO, CONSOLE debug info warn error fatal
log4j.rootCategory=debug, CONSOLE, LOGFILE
# Set the enterprise logger category to FATAL and its only appender to CONSOLE.
log4j.logger.org.apache.axis.enterprise=FATAL, CONSOLE
# CONSOLE is set to be a ConsoleAppender using a PatternLayout.
log4j.appender.CONSOLE=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender
log4j.appender.CONSOLE.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.CONSOLE.layout.ConversionPattern=%d{ISO8601} %-6r [%15.15t] %-5p %30.30c %x - %m\n
# LOGFILE is set to be a File appender using a PatternLayout.
log4j.appender.LOGFILE=org.apache.log4j.FileAppender
log4j.appender.LOGFILE.File=d:\axis.log
log4j.appender.LOGFILE.Append=true
log4j.appender.LOGFILE.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.LOGFILE.layout.ConversionPattern=%d{ISO8601} %-6r [%15.15t] %-5p %30.30c %x - %m\n
然后就是写实体类:
package com.cz.pojo;
import java.util.Date;
public class User {
private Integer id;
private String username;
private String address;
private String sex;
private Date birthday;
}
代码省略了setter/getter构造方法和toString方法。
下一步就是写持久层,持久层是一个接口类,用来定义数据操作的方法:
package com.cz.dao;
import com.cz.pojo.User;
import java.util.List;
public interface UserDao {
/**
* 查找所有对象
* @return
*/
List<User> findAll();
/**
* 保存用户
*/
void saveUser(User user);
/**
*删除用户
* @param id
*/
void deleteUser(Integer id);
/**
* 更新操作
* @param user
*/
void updateUser(User user);
/**
* 查找一个
* @param id
*/
User findById(Integer id);
/**
* 根据名字模糊查找
* @param username
* @return
*/
List<User> findByName(String username);
int count();
}
在持久层的同级包下,创建一个和持久层同样名字的XML文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.cz.dao.UserDao">
<!--查询所有 -->
<select id="findAll" resultType="com.cz.pojo.User">
select * from user
</select>
<!-- 保存用户-->
<insert id="saveUser" parameterType="com.cz.pojo.User">
insert into user(username,address,sex,birthday)values(#{username},#{address},#{sex},#{birthday});
</insert>
<!--删除用户 -->
<delete id="deleteUser" parameterType="Integer">
delete from user where id=#{id}
</delete>
<!-- 更新操作-->
<update id="updateUser" parameterType="com.cz.pojo.User">
update user set username=#{username},address=#{address},sex=#{sex},birthday=#{birthday} where id=#{id}
</update>
<select id="findById" parameterType="Integer" resultType="com.cz.pojo.User">
select * from user where id=#{id}
</select>
<select id="findByName" resultType="com.cz.pojo.User" parameterType="String">
select * from user where username like #{username}
</select>
<select id="count" resultType="int" >
select count(id) from user
</select>
</mapper>
mapper的namespace就是文件的全限定类名,下面的每个操作标签的id属性就是前面持久层的方法名,resultType属性是持久层方法的返回值,当是返回值是void时,不用写resultType,当是返回值是基本类型或其他类型时,resultType和返回值类型保持一致;parameterType和方法的参数类型保持一致,当方法的参数类型是pojo类型时,parameterType的值也是相应的pojo类型。
最后就是测试方法的编写
package com.cz.test;
import com.cz.dao.UserDao;
import com.cz.pojo.User;
import org.apache.ibatis.io.Resources;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactoryBuilder;
import org.junit.After;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.List;
public class MybatisTest {
/**
* 创建对象
*/
private InputStream inputStream;
private SqlSession sqlSession;
UserDao userDao;
@Before
public void init() throws Exception {
//读取配置文件,生成字节输入流
inputStream = Resources.getResourceAsStream("MapConfig.xml");
//获取SQLSessionFactory工厂
SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory =new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(inputStream);
//获取SqlSession对象
sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
//获取代理对象
userDao = sqlSession.getMapper(UserDao.class);
}
@After
public void destory() throws Exception {
sqlSession.commit();
sqlSession.close();
inputStream.close();
}
@Test
public void testfindAll() throws IOException {
/**
* 执行查询所有方法
*/
List<User> users = userDao.findAll();
for(User user:users){
System.out.println(user);
}
}
/**
* 保存新的用户
*/
@Test
public void testSaveUser(){
User user = new User();
user.setAddress("新世界");
user.setBirthday(new Date());
user.setUsername("路飞");
user.setSex("男");
userDao.saveUser(user);
}
@Test
public void TestDelete(){
userDao.deleteUser(102);
}
@Test
public void TestUpdate(){
User user = new User();
user.setId(42);
user.setAddress("第七宇宙");
user.setBirthday(new Date());
user.setUsername("孙悟空");
user.setSex("神");
userDao.updateUser(user);
}
@Test
public void TestFindById(){
User user = userDao.findById(42);
System.out.println(user);
}
@Test
public void TestFindByName(){
List<User> user = userDao.findByName("%王%");
System.out.println(user);
}
@Test
public void TestCount(){
int count = userDao.count();
System.out.println(count);
}
}
首先可以将测试方法中需要一直用到的语句单独写出来,例如测试类开始的变量定义和@Before和@After操作,这样可以简化每个测试方法的书写。
这里给出后面mybatis所需要的所有数据库信息
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `user`;
CREATE TABLE `user` (
`id` int(11) NOT NULL auto_increment,
`username` varchar(32) NOT NULL COMMENT '用户名称',
`birthday` datetime default NULL COMMENT '生日',
`sex` char(1) default NULL COMMENT '性别',
`address` varchar(256) default NULL COMMENT '地址',
PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
insert into `user`(`id`,`username`,`birthday`,`sex`,`address`) values (41,'老王','2018-02-27 17:47:08','男','北京'),(42,'小二王','2018-03-02 15:09:37','女','北京金燕龙'),(43,'小二王','2018-03-04 11:34:34','女','北京金燕龙'),(45,'传智播客','2018-03-04 12:04:06','男','北京金燕龙'),(46,'老王','2018-03-07 17:37:26','男','北京'),(48,'小马宝莉','2018-03-08 11:44:00','女','北京修正');
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `account`;
CREATE TABLE `account` (
`ID` int(11) NOT NULL COMMENT '编号',
`UID` int(11) default NULL COMMENT '用户编号',
`MONEY` double default NULL COMMENT '金额',
PRIMARY KEY (`ID`),
KEY `FK_Reference_8` (`UID`),
CONSTRAINT `FK_Reference_8` FOREIGN KEY (`UID`) REFERENCES `user` (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
insert into `account`(`ID`,`UID`,`MONEY`) values (1,46,1000),(2,45,1000),(3,46,2000);
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `role`;
CREATE TABLE `role` (
`ID` int(11) NOT NULL COMMENT '编号',
`ROLE_NAME` varchar(30) default NULL COMMENT '角色名称',
`ROLE_DESC` varchar(60) default NULL COMMENT '角色描述',
PRIMARY KEY (`ID`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
insert into `role`(`ID`,`ROLE_NAME`,`ROLE_DESC`) values (1,'院长','管理整个学院'),(2,'总裁','管理整个公司'),(3,'校长','管理整个学校');
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `user_role`;
CREATE TABLE `user_role` (
`UID` int(11) NOT NULL COMMENT '用户编号',
`RID` int(11) NOT NULL COMMENT '角色编号',
PRIMARY KEY (`UID`,`RID`),
KEY `FK_Reference_10` (`RID`),
CONSTRAINT `FK_Reference_10` FOREIGN KEY (`RID`) REFERENCES `role` (`ID`),
CONSTRAINT `FK_Reference_9` FOREIGN KEY (`UID`) REFERENCES `user` (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
insert into `user_role`(`UID`,`RID`) values (41,1),(45,1),(41,2);