linux安装gdb

一、ubuntu16.04安装gdb

1.更换/etc/apt/sources.list

su root
gedit /etc/apt/sources.list

source.list内容

#deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ disco main restricted universe multiverse
#deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ disco-security main restricted universe multiverse
#deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ disco-updates main restricted universe multiverse
#deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ disco-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
#deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ disco-backports main restricted universe multiverse
#deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ disco main restricted universe multiverse
#deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ disco-security main restricted universe multiverse
#deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ disco-updates main restricted universe multiverse
#deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ disco-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
#deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ disco-backports main restricted universe multiverse
# deb cdrom:[Ubuntu 19.04 _Disco Dingo_ - Release amd64 (20190416)]/ disco main restricted
 
deb http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu-old-releases/ubuntu/ disco main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu-old-releases/ubuntu/ disco main restricted universe multiverse
 
deb http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu-old-releases/ubuntu/ disco-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu-old-releases/ubuntu/ disco-security main restricted universe multiverse
 
deb http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu-old-releases/ubuntu/ disco-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu-old-releases/ubuntu/ disco-updates main restricted universe multiverse
 
deb http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu-old-releases/ubuntu/ disco-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu-old-releases/ubuntu/ disco-backports main restricted universe multiverse
 
# See http://help.ubuntu.com/community/UpgradeNotes for how to upgrade to
# newer versions of the distribution.
# deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ disco main restricted
# deb-src http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ disco main restricted
 
## Major bug fix updates produced after the final release of the
## distribution.
# deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ disco-updates main restricted
# deb-src http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ disco-updates main restricted
 
## N.B. software from this repository is ENTIRELY UNSUPPORTED by the Ubuntu
## team. Also, please note that software in universe WILL NOT receive any
## review or updates from the Ubuntu security team.
# deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ disco universe
# deb-src http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ disco universe
# deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ disco-updates universe
# deb-src http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ disco-updates universe
 
## N.B. software from this repository is ENTIRELY UNSUPPORTED by the Ubuntu 
## team, and may not be under a free licence. Please satisfy yourself as to 
## your rights to use the software. Also, please note that software in 
## multiverse WILL NOT receive any review or updates from the Ubuntu
## security team.
# deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ disco multiverse
# deb-src http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ disco multiverse
# deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ disco-updates multiverse
# deb-src http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ disco-updates multiverse
 
## N.B. software from this repository may not have been tested as
## extensively as that contained in the main release, although it includes
## newer versions of some applications which may provide useful features.
## Also, please note that software in backports WILL NOT receive any review
## or updates from the Ubuntu security team.
# deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ disco-backports main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ disco-backports main restricted universe multiverse
 
## Uncomment the following two lines to add software from Canonical's
## 'partner' repository.
## This software is not part of Ubuntu, but is offered by Canonical and the
## respective vendors as a service to Ubuntu users.
# deb http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu disco partner
# deb-src http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu disco partner
 
# deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu disco-security main restricted
# deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu disco-security main restricted
# deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu disco-security universe
# deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu disco-security universe
# deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu disco-security multiverse
# deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu disco-security multiverse
 
# This system was installed using small removable media
# (e.g. netinst, live or single CD). The matching "deb cdrom"
# entries were disabled at the end of the installation process.
# For information about how to configure apt package sources,
# see the sources.list(5) manual.

2.安装gdb

• 默认安装

apt-get install gdb

//注：安装过程出现错误时，解决方法如下
sudo apt-get --fix-broken install  

//另外，安装过程中提示是否升级选YES

•  指定版本安装

        下载指定的版本的gdb：Index of /gnu/gdb；

        此处以gdb-10.2为例，安装命令如下：

$ cd gdb-10.2
$ mkdir build
$ cd build
//下面的/usr/bin/python3换成当前环境的python路径
$ ../configure --with-python=/usr/bin/python3.7 --enable-targets=all
$ make
$ make install

3.查看gdb版本

gdb -v

• 普通安装效果

• 指定版本安装效果

 二、ubuntu18.04安装gdb

同ubuntu16.04的安装，其中过程报错解决方法如下：

sudo apt purge libappstream4