（十三）springboot实战rabbitmq --- direct模式

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最新推荐文章于 2024-05-06 05:21:16 发布

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分类专栏：日积月累 springboot java springboot学习之路文章标签： springboot rabbitmq direct

本文链接：https://blog.youkuaiyun.com/m0_37034294/article/details/82842354

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本文档详细介绍了如何在SpringBoot项目中集成并使用RabbitMQ的Direct模式，包括生产者和消费者的项目结构、配置、队列创建、发送与接收消息的实现，以及多对多发送的案例。同时，文中还展示了高级用法，即传输对象的使用，包括实体类定义和接收者的处理。

上篇文章介绍了rabbitmq的原理实现，如果不知道rabbitmq的原理实现的童鞋推荐先看下上篇文章在继续这章的实践。
windows本地安装rabbitmq介绍

源码下载地址 https://gitee.com/v_soul/boot-rabbitmq-produce，https://gitee.com/v_soul/boot-rabbitmq-consumer

springboot集成rabbitmq实战 ------ direct模式

首先创建两个springboot项目

一生产者项目结构

在这里插入图片描述

消费者项目结构

在这里插入图片描述

1 pom文件添加spring-boot-starter-amqp支持

		 <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-amqp</artifactId>
        </dependency>

2 配置文件配置rabbitmq

spring.application.name=spirng-boot-rabbitmq

spring.rabbitmq.host=127.0.0.1
spring.rabbitmq.port=5672
spring.rabbitmq.username=guest
spring.rabbitmq.password=guest

这里的用户名密码默认guest，spring.application.name如果生产者和消费者不是同一个项目不能相同（坑1）

3 配置队列

package com.rabbit.produce.config;

import org.springframework.amqp.core.Queue;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

@Configuration
public class RabbitConfig {
 
    @Bean
    public Queue queue() {
        return new Queue("hello");
    }
 
}

4 创建发送者

package com.rabbit.produce.controller;

import com.rabbit.produce.entrty.User;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.AmqpTemplate;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;

import java.util.Date;

@Controller
public class HelloSender {
 
    @Autowired
    private AmqpTemplate rabbitTemplate;
 
    public void send() {
        String context = "sender object " + new Date();
        this.rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("hello", context);
    }
 
}

5 创建接受者（在当前项目创建一个，在消费者项目中同样创建一个接受者，pom,application同上）

当前项目

package com.rabbit.produce.controller;

import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitHandler;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitListener;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

@Component
@RabbitListener(queues = "hello")
public class HelloReceiver {
 
    @RabbitHandler
    public void process(String hello) {
        System.out.println("Receiver1  : " + hello);
    }
}

消费者项目

package com.rabbit.product.controller;

import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitHandler;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitListener;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

@Component
@RabbitListener(queues = "hello")
public class HelloReceiver {
 
    @RabbitHandler
    public void process(String hello) {
        System.out.println("Receiver2  : " + hello);
    }
 
}

测试结果

生产者项目打印

Receiver1  : sender object Tue Sep 25 15:55:54 CST 2018
Receiver1  : sender object Tue Sep 25 15:55:54 CST 2018
Receiver1  : sender object Tue Sep 25 15:55:54 CST 2018
Receiver1  : sender object Tue Sep 25 15:55:54 CST 2018
Receiver1  : sender object Tue Sep 25 15:55:54 CST 2018

消费者项目打印

Receiver2  : sender object Tue Sep 25 15:55:54 CST 2018
Receiver2  : sender object Tue Sep 25 15:55:54 CST 2018
Receiver2  : sender object Tue Sep 25 15:55:54 CST 2018
Receiver2  : sender object Tue Sep 25 15:55:54 CST 2018
Receiver2  : sender object Tue Sep 25 15:55:54 CST 2018

注意事项

注意，发送者和接收者的queue name必须一致，不然不能接收
一个发送者，N个接受者,经过测试会均匀的将消息发送到N个接收者中

多对多发送

复制发送者

package com.rabbit.produce.controller;

import com.rabbit.produce.entrty.User;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.AmqpTemplate;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;

import java.util.Date;

@Controller
public class HelloSender2 {
 
    @Autowired
    private AmqpTemplate rabbitTemplate;

    public void send() {
        String context = "sender object2 " + new Date();
        this.rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("hello", context);
    }
 
}

测试

package com.rabbit.produce;

import com.rabbit.produce.controller.HelloSender;
import com.rabbit.produce.controller.HelloSender2;
import com.rabbit.produce.entrty.User;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringRunner;

@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest
public class BootRabbitmqProduceApplicationTests {

    @Autowired
    private HelloSender helloSender;
    @Autowired
    private HelloSender2 helloSender2;

    @Test
    public void hello() throws Exception {
        for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
            helloSender.send();
            helloSender2.send();
        }
    }

}

测试结果

生产者项目测试结果

Receiver1  : sender object2 Tue Sep 25 16:03:09 CST 2018
Receiver1  : sender object2 Tue Sep 25 16:03:09 CST 2018
Receiver1  : sender object2 Tue Sep 25 16:03:09 CST 2018
Receiver1  : sender object2 Tue Sep 25 16:03:09 CST 2018
Receiver1  : sender object2 Tue Sep 25 16:03:09 CST 2018
Receiver1  : sender object2 Tue Sep 25 16:03:09 CST 2018
Receiver1  : sender object2 Tue Sep 25 16:03:09 CST 2018
Receiver1  : sender object2 Tue Sep 25 16:03:09 CST 2018
Receiver1  : sender object2 Tue Sep 25 16:03:09 CST 2018
Receiver1  : sender object2 Tue Sep 25 16:03:09 CST 2018

消费者项目测试结果

Receiver2  : sender object Tue Sep 25 16:03:09 CST 2018
Receiver2  : sender object Tue Sep 25 16:03:09 CST 2018
Receiver2  : sender object Tue Sep 25 16:03:09 CST 2018
Receiver2  : sender object Tue Sep 25 16:03:09 CST 2018
Receiver2  : sender object Tue Sep 25 16:03:09 CST 2018
Receiver2  : sender object Tue Sep 25 16:03:09 CST 2018
Receiver2  : sender object Tue Sep 25 16:03:09 CST 2018
Receiver2  : sender object Tue Sep 25 16:03:09 CST 2018
Receiver2  : sender object Tue Sep 25 16:03:09 CST 2018
Receiver2  : sender object Tue Sep 25 16:03:09 CST 2018

有童鞋可能会问生产者项目打印的都是sender object2啊？嗯你说的没错但是看下打印数量10个，在看下消费者打印结果也是10个，嗯rabbit根据自身策略会平均转发到接受者的

高级使用传输对象

定义实体类

package com.rabbit.produce.entrty;

import java.io.Serializable;
import java.util.Date;

/**
 * @author : lqf
 * @description :
 * @date : Create in 14:04 2018/9/25
 */
public class User implements Serializable {

    private Integer id;
    private String name;
    private Integer age;

    public User(Integer id, String name, Integer age) {
        this.id = id;
        this.name = name;
        this.age = age;
    }

    public Integer getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(Integer id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public Integer getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(Integer age) {
        this.age = age;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "User{" +
                "id=" + id +
                ", name='" + name + '\'' +
                ", age=" + age +
                '}';
    }
}

定义发送者

package com.rabbit.produce.controller;

import com.rabbit.produce.entrty.User;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.AmqpTemplate;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;

import java.util.Date;

@Controller
public class HelloSender {
 
    @Autowired
    private AmqpTemplate rabbitTemplate;
 
    public void send(User user) {
        this.rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("hello", user);
    }

}

生产者项目定义接受者

package com.rabbit.produce.controller;

import com.rabbit.produce.entrty.User;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitHandler;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitListener;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

@Component
@RabbitListener(queues = "hello")
public class HelloReceiver {
 
    @RabbitHandler
    public void process(User user) {
        System.out.println("Receiver1  : " + user);
    }
}

消费者项目定义接受者

package com.rabbit.produce.controller;

import com.rabbit.produce.entrty.User;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitHandler;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitListener;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

@Component
@RabbitListener(queues = "hello")
public class HelloReceiver {
 
    @RabbitHandler
    public void process(User user) {
        System.out.println("Receiver2  : " + user);
    }
 
}

测试

package com.rabbit.produce;

import com.rabbit.produce.controller.HelloSender;
import com.rabbit.produce.controller.HelloSender2;
import com.rabbit.produce.entrty.User;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringRunner;

@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest
public class BootRabbitmqProduceApplicationTests {

    @Autowired
    private HelloSender helloSender;

    @Test
    public void hello() throws Exception {
        for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
            helloSender.send(new User(123, "测试", 18));
        }
    }

}

生产者项目测试结果

Receiver1  : User{id=123, name='测试', age=18}
Receiver1  : User{id=123, name='测试', age=18}
Receiver1  : User{id=123, name='测试', age=18}
Receiver1  : User{id=123, name='测试', age=18}
Receiver1  : User{id=123, name='测试', age=18}

消费者项目测试结果

Receiver2  : User{id=123, name='测试', age=18}
Receiver2  : User{id=123, name='测试', age=18}
Receiver2  : User{id=123, name='测试', age=18}
Receiver2  : User{id=123, name='测试', age=18}
Receiver2  : User{id=123, name='测试', age=18}

注意问题

上述代码中实体类的包名大家可能注意到了是一样的，包名如果不一样是不能同步接收到对象传递的（坑2）

（十三）springboot实战rabbitmq --- direct模式

springboot集成rabbitmq实战 ------ direct模式

一 生产者项目结构

消费者项目结构

测试结果

注意事项

多对多发送

测试

测试结果

高级使用传输对象

一生产者项目结构