迭代器,使用时的细节:
Collection c= new HashSet();
c.add(new Name("li","zhi"));
Iterator it = c.iterator(); //每个集合自己都实现了iteraor接口
while(it.hasNext()){
String s = (Name)it.next(); //迭代器的next返回一个Object类型,需要强制转型成Name对象
System.out.println("s.getName()"); //调用Name的特有方法
}
Collection c = new HashSet();
c.add(new Name("li","zhi"));
for(Iterator it = c.iterator();it.hasNext;){
Name name =(Name)it.next();
if(!name.equals("jack")){ //equals()返回一个boolean的值
it.remove(); //只有迭代器可以删除元素,集合自身不能删除
}
}
增强for循环
int [] arr = {1,3,5,6}
for(int i:arr){
System.out.println(i);
}
Collection c= new ArrayList();
c.add(new Name("tom","cat"))
for(Object o : c){
System.out.println(o);
}
增强for循环(形式上简单):
1.对于数组,不能访问下标值
2.对于集合,不能方便的删除元素,在for内部也得调用iterator;
3.除了简单的遍历、读出其中的内容之外,不建议用增强for循环;
java.util.Collections
提供了一系列静态方法,实现了基于List的常用算法
void sort(List) 排序
void shufle(List) 随机排序
void reverse(List) 逆序
binarySearch 二分法查找
public static void main(){
List l1 = new ArrayList();
List l2 = new ArrayList();
for(int i=0;i<9;i++){
l1.add("a"+i);
}
Collctions.shuffle(l1);
syso(l1);
Collctions.reverse(ll);逆序
Collections.sort(ll);
Collections.binarySearch(11,"a5");//二分查找
}
String 类实现了Comparable 接口 //实现Comparable接口,必须实现他的compareTo();
public class Name implements Comparable{
private String firstName;
private String lastName;
public Name(String firstName,String lastName){
this.firstName = firstName;
this.lastName = lastName;
}
public String toString(){ //重写父类object的toString(),打印时,直接打印return的内容
return firstName+""+lastName;
}
public int compareTo(Object e){
Name name = (Name)e;
int flag = lastName.compareTo(name.lastName());
return
flag!=0?flag:firstName.compareTo(name.firstName); //compareTo返回一个int ,1代表该对象大于传入的对象
//0代表相等,-1代表小于传入对象
}
}
List ll = new LinkedList();
ll.add(new Name("karl","M"));
ll.add(new Name("arl","M"));
ll.add(new Name("rl","M"));
System.out.println(ll);//[karl M,arl M rl M]
Collecions.sort(ll);
//[arl M,karl M,r1 M]