本文详细记录了创建Oracle RMAN恢复目录的步骤，包括创建数据库用户、分配权限、创建恢复目录、注册目标数据库等过程。在操作过程中遇到了文件缺失、权限问题和SQL解析错误等挑战，并逐一解决，最终成功备份数据。
怎么样创建RMAN恢复目录
[A]首先，创建一个数据库用户，一般都是RMAN，并给予recovery_catalog_owner角色权限
sqlplus sys
SQL> create user rman identified by rman;
SQL> alter user rman default tablespace tools temporary tablespace temp;
SQL> alter user rman quota unlimited on tools;
SQL> grant connect, resource, recovery_catalog_owner to rman;
SQL> exit;
然后，用这个用户登录，创建恢复目录
rman catalog rman/rman
RMAN> create catalog tablespace tools;
RMAN> exit;
最后，你可以在恢复目录注册目标数据库了
rman catalog rman/rman target backdba/backdba
RMAN> register database;
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|创建RMAN恢复目录的过程记录 |
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系统环境：WINXP+ORACLE9.2.0.1客户端
1、在客户端上使用rman的时候提示文件缺少(不知道是什么原因)
C:/>rman
恢复管理器: 版本9.2.0.1.0 - Production
Copyright (c) 1995, 2002, Oracle Corporation. All rights reserved.
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-00554: initialization of internal recovery manager package failed
RMAN-03000: recovery manager compiler component initialization failed
RMAN-06000: could not open recovery manager library file: D:/oracle9i/ora92/RDBM
S/ADMIN/RECOVER.BSQ
LFI-00108: Open expect the file [RECOVER][BSQ] to exist.
2、从服务端拷贝RECOVER.BSQ到ORACLE目录
C:/>rman
恢复管理器: 版本9.2.0.1.0 - Production
Copyright (c) 1995, 2002, Oracle Corporation. All rights reserved.
RMAN> catalog scott/tiger@pgjt
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-00558: error encountered while parsing input commands
RMAN-01005: syntax error: found "identifier": expecting one of: "archivelog, bac
kup, controlfilecopy, clone, datafilecopy"
RMAN-01008: the bad identifier was: scott
RMAN-01007: at line 1 column 9 file: standard input
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-00558: error encountered while parsing input commands
RMAN-01006: error signalled during parse
RMAN-02001: unrecognized punctuation symbol "/"
RMAN> exit
恢复管理器完成。
C:/>rman catalog scott/tiger@pgjt
恢复管理器: 版本9.2.0.1.0 - Production
Copyright (c) 1995, 2002, Oracle Corporation. All rights reserved.
连接到恢复目录数据库
未安装恢复目录
3、用户必须具备recovery_catalog_owner角色权限
RMAN> create catalog tablespace tools;
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-06426: RECOVERY_CATALOG_OWNER role must be granted to user SCOTT
RMAN> grant recovery_catalog_owner to scott;
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-00558: error encountered while parsing input commands
RMAN-01005: syntax error: found "identifier": expecting one of: "allocate, alter
, backup, beginline, blockrecover, catalog, change, connect, copy, create, cross
check, configure, duplicate, debug, delete, drop, exit, endinline, host, {, libr
ary, list, mount, open, print, quit, recover, register, release, replace, report
, renormalize, reset, restore, resync, rman, run, rpctest, set, setlimit, sql, s
pool, startup, shutdown, send, show, test, upgrade, validate"
RMAN-01008: the bad identifier was: grant
RMAN-01007: at line 1 column 1 file: standard input
RMAN> exit
恢复管理器完成。
C:/>sqlplus /nolog
SQL*Plus: Release 9.2.0.1.0 - Production on 星期五 2月 4 09:19:10 2005
Copyright (c) 1982, 2002, Oracle Corporation. All rights reserved.
SQL> conn sys/sys@pgjt as sysdba
已连接。
SQL> grant recovery_catalog_owner to scott;
授权成功。
已用时间: 00: 00: 00.00
SQL> exit
从Oracle9i Enterprise Edition Release 9.2.0.5.0 - Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP and Oracle Data Mining options
JServer Release 9.2.0.5.0 - Production中断开
4、登陆rman创建恢复目录、用恢复目录注册目标数据库
C:/>rman catalog scott/tiger@pgjt
恢复管理器: 版本9.2.0.1.0 - Production
Copyright (c) 1995, 2002, Oracle Corporation. All rights reserved.
连接到恢复目录数据库
未安装恢复目录
RMAN> create catalog tablespace tools;
恢复目录已创建
RMAN> exit
恢复管理器完成。
C:/>rman catalog scott/tiger@pgjt target sys/sys@pgjt
恢复管理器: 版本9.2.0.1.0 - Production
Copyright (c) 1995, 2002, Oracle Corporation. All rights reserved.
连接到目标数据库: NCDBPX (DBID=2674958795)
连接到恢复目录数据库
RMAN> register database;
注册在恢复目录中的数据库
正在启动全部恢复目录的 resync
完成全部 resync
RMAN> exit
恢复管理器完成。
5、rman备份数据
C:/>rman catalog scott/tiger@pgjt target sys/sys@pgjt
恢复管理器: 版本9.2.0.1.0 - Production
Copyright (c) 1995, 2002, Oracle Corporation. All rights reserved.
连接到目标数据库: NCDBPX (DBID=2674958795)
连接到恢复目录数据库
RMAN> run{
2> allocate channel c1 type disk;
3> backup full tag 'dbfull' format 'e:/full%u_%s_%p' database
4> include current controlfile;
5> sql 'alter system archive log current';
6> release channel c1;
7> }
分配的通道: c1
通道 c1: sid=40 devtype=DISK
启动 backup 于 04-2月 -05
通道 c1: 正在启动 full 数据文件备份集
通道 c1: 正在指定备份集中的数据文件
在备份集中包含当前的 SPFILE
备份集中包括当前控制文件
输入数据文件 fno=00011 name=E:/ORACLE/ORADATA/NCDBPX/NNC_DATA01.DBF
输入数据文件 fno=00017 name=E:/ORACLE/ORADATA/NCDBPX/IUFO.ORA
输入数据文件 fno=00014 name=E:/ORACLE/ORADATA/NCDBPX/NNC_INDEX01.DBF
输入数据文件 fno=00016 name=E:/ORACLE/ORADATA/NCDBPX/NNC_INDEX03.DBF
输入数据文件 fno=00012 name=E:/ORACLE/ORADATA/NCDBPX/NNC_DATA02.DBF
输入数据文件 fno=00013 name=E:/ORACLE/ORADATA/NCDBPX/NNC_DATA03.DBF
输入数据文件 fno=00002 name=E:/ORACLE/ORADATA/NCDBPX/UNDOTBS01.DBF
输入数据文件 fno=00015 name=E:/ORACLE/ORADATA/NCDBPX/NNC_INDEX02.DBF
输入数据文件 fno=00001 name=E:/ORACLE/ORADATA/NCDBPX/SYSTEM01.DBF
输入数据文件 fno=00020 name=E:/ORACLE/ORADATA/NCDBPX/RESTOREIUFO.ORA
输入数据文件 fno=00018 name=E:/ORACLE/ORADATA/NCDBPX/IUFO3.ORA
输入数据文件 fno=00005 name=E:/ORACLE/ORADATA/NCDBPX/EXAMPLE01.DBF
输入数据文件 fno=00019 name=E:/ORACLE/ORADATA/NCDBPX/TEMP02.ORA
输入数据文件 fno=00010 name=E:/ORACLE/ORADATA/NCDBPX/XDB01.DBF
输入数据文件 fno=00006 name=E:/ORACLE/ORADATA/NCDBPX/INDX01.DBF
输入数据文件 fno=00009 name=E:/ORACLE/ORADATA/NCDBPX/USERS01.DBF
输入数据文件 fno=00003 name=E:/ORACLE/ORADATA/NCDBPX/CWMLITE01.DBF
输入数据文件 fno=00004 name=E:/ORACLE/ORADATA/NCDBPX/DRSYS01.DBF
输入数据文件 fno=00007 name=E:/ORACLE/ORADATA/NCDBPX/ODM01.DBF
输入数据文件 fno=00008 name=E:/ORACLE/ORADATA/NCDBPX/TOOLS01.DBF
输入数据文件 fno=00021 name=E:/ORACLE/ORADATA/NCDBPX/IUFO0113.ORA
通道 c1: 正在启动段 1 于 02-1月 -05
释放的通道: c1
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-03009: failure of backup command on c1 channel at 02/04/2005 10:25:01
ORA-19502: write error on file "e:/full04g96cac_4_1", blockno 220801 (blocksize=
8192)
ORA-27072: skgfdisp: I/O error
OSD-04008: WriteFile() failure, unable to write to file
O/S-Error: (OS 112) 磁盘空间不足。
6、上面全库备份由于空间不足，下面测试备份表空间
RMAN> run{
2> allocate channel c1 type disk;
3> backup full tag 'tsuser' format 'e:/full%u_%s_%p' tablespace users;
4> release channel c1;
5> }
分配的通道: c1
通道 c1: sid=36 devtype=DISK
启动 backup 于 04-2月 -05
通道 c1: 正在启动 full 数据文件备份集
通道 c1: 正在指定备份集中的数据文件
输入数据文件 fno=00009 name=E:/ORACLE/ORADATA/NCDBPX/USERS01.DBF
通道 c1: 正在启动段 1 于 02-1月 -05
通道 c1: 已完成段 1 于 02-1月 -05
段 handle=E:/FULL06G96DQB_6_1 comment=NONE
通道 c1: 备份集已完成, 经过时间:00:00:02
完成 backup 于 04-2月 -05
释放的通道: c1
RMAN> EXIT
恢复管理器完成。
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