vim命令速查手册

vim命令速查手册

谨记录本人已熟练实用和待熟练使用的trick

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• 待熟练使用

命令	作用	备注
.	重复上次的操作	. is a macro
*	查找当前光标单次
set hls	设置高亮	配合*使用
daw	删除一个单词	delete a word
dap	删除一个段落	delete a paragraph
c{}	修改	同上
y{}	复制	同上
cc	删除当前行+插入模式
C	删除至行末+插入模式

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• 已熟练使用

命令	作用	备注
A	切到行尾+插入模式	=$ a
o	另起一行+插入模式

1.0 替换

:[addr]s/源字符串/目的字符串/[option]
例如  
:%s/next/nex   将所有的next替换成nex
:3,10s/next/nex/i  将第3到10的next替换成nex，不区分大小写

[addr]表示检索范围,如:
“1,n”:表示从第1行到n行
“%”:表示整个文件,同"1,$"".,$":表示从当前行到文件尾
[addr]省略时表示当前行

[option] : 表示操作类型,如:
g:globe,表示全局替换
c:confirm,表示进行确认
p:表示替代结果逐行显示(Ctrl + L恢复屏幕)
i:ignore,不区分大小写
[option]省略时仅对每行第一个匹配串进行替换

2.0 支持markdown语法高亮和实时预览

语法高亮

#去掉括号内名字
markdown(syntax).vim #放到~/.vim/syntax下
markdown(ftdetect).vim #放到~/.vim/ftdetect下
#重启vim即可
#两个vim在本github项目中

3.0 .vimrc配置

" All system-wide defaults are set in $VIMRUNTIME/debian.vim and sourced by
" the call to :runtime you can find below.  If you wish to change any of those
" settings, you should do it in this file (/etc/vim/vimrc), since debian.vim
" will be overwritten everytime an upgrade of the vim packages is performed.
" It is recommended to make changes after sourcing debian.vim since it alters
" the value of the 'compatible' option.

" This line should not be removed as it ensures that various options are
" properly set to work with the Vim-related packages available in Debian.
runtime! debian.vim

" Vim will load $VIMRUNTIME/defaults.vim if the user does not have a vimrc.
" This happens after /etc/vim/vimrc(.local) are loaded, so it will override
" any settings in these files.
" If you don't want that to happen, uncomment the below line to prevent
" defaults.vim from being loaded.
" let g:skip_defaults_vim = 1

" Uncomment the next line to make Vim more Vi-compatible
" NOTE: debian.vim sets 'nocompatible'.  Setting 'compatible' changes numerous
" options, so any other options should be set AFTER setting 'compatible'.
"set compatible

" Vim5 and later versions support syntax highlighting. Uncommenting the next
" line enables syntax highlighting by default.
if has("syntax")
  syntax on
endif

" If using a dark background within the editing area and syntax highlighting
" turn on this option as well
set background=dark

" Uncomment the following to have Vim jump to the last position when
" reopening a file
if has("autocmd")
  au BufReadPost * if line("'\"") > 1 && line("'\"") <= line("$") | exe "normal! g'\"" | endif
endif

" Uncomment the following to have Vim load indentation rules and plugins
" according to the detected filetype.
if has("autocmd")
  filetype plugin indent on
endif

" The following are commented out as they cause vim to behave a lot
" differently from regular Vi. They are highly recommended though.
"set showcmd		" Show (partial) command in status line.
set showmatch		" Show matching brackets.
set ignorecase		" Do case insensitive matching
set smartcase		" Do smart case matching
set incsearch		" Incremental search
"set autowrite		" Automatically save before commands like :next and :make
set hidden		" Hide buffers when they are abandoned
"set mouse=a		" Enable mouse usage (all modes)
setlocal noswapfile " 不要生成swap文件
set bufhidden=hide " 当buffer被丢弃的时候隐藏它
set number " 显示行号
set cursorline " 突出显示当前行
set ruler " 打开状态栏标尺
set shiftwidth=4 " 设定 << 和 >> 命令移动时的宽度为 4
set softtabstop=4 " 使得按退格键时可以一次删掉 4 个空格
"set tabstop=4 " 设定 tab 长度为 4
set nobackup " 覆盖文件时不备份
set autochdir " 自动切换当前目录为当前文件所在的目录
set backupcopy=yes " 设置备份时的行为为覆盖
set matchtime=2 " 短暂跳转到匹配括号的时间
set smartindent " 开启新行时使用智能自动缩进
set backspace=indent,eol,start " 不设定在插入状态无法用退格键和 Delete 键删除回车符
set cmdheight=1 " 设定命令行的行数为 1
set laststatus=2 " 显示状态栏 (默认值为 1, 无法显示状态栏)
set statusline=\ %<%F[%1*%M%*%n%R%H]%=\ %y\ %0(%{&fileformat}\ %{&encoding}\ Ln\ %l,\ Col\ %c/%L%) " 设置在状态行显示的信息
set foldenable " 开始折叠
"set foldmethod=syntax " 设置语法折叠
set foldcolumn=0 " 设置折叠区域的宽度
setlocal foldlevel=1 " 设置折叠层数为 1

au BufWinLeave * silent mkview
au BufWinEnter * silent loadview

set nu
colorscheme koehler
"colorscheme desert
syntax on

" Source a global configuration file if available
if filereadable("/etc/vim/vimrc.local")
  source /etc/vim/vimrc.local
endif