02-VirtualBox安装

本文档介绍了VirtualBox的概述、安装下载及详细安装过程。VirtualBox是一款开源虚拟机软件,支持多种操作系统,如Solaris、Windows、Linux等。在VirtualBox官网可下载最新版本6.0.4,适用于Windows、OS X、Linux、Solaris平台。安装步骤包括下载安装包,选择安装位置,设置快捷方式和文件关联,完成安装并启动。

VirtualBox安装

VirtualBox概述

  • VirtualBox 是一款开源虚拟机软件。
  • 由Sun Microsystems公司出品的软件,使用Qt编写
  • Sun 被 Oracle 收购后正式更名成 Oracle VM VirtualBox
  • 在VirtualBox上安装并且执行Solaris、Windows、DOS、Linux、OS/2 Warp、BSD等系统作为客户端操作系统
  • VirtualBox号称是最强的免费虚拟机软件

VirtualBox安装下载

VirtualBox下载地址:https://www.virtualbox.org/wiki/Downloads

当前版本:VirtualBox 6.0.4

支持平台:windows、OS X、Linux、Solaris

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VirtualBox安装过程

  1. 下载Windows下安装包
  2. 启动安装程序

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  1. 选择安装位置后继续

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4.快捷方式及文件关联

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5. 立即安装

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  1. 开始安装

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  1. 勾选始终信任软件安装

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8. 完成安装

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9.启动界面

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root@xzh-VirtualBox:~# sudo journalctl -u postfix -n 50 --no-pager # 查看最近50条日志 -- Logs begin at Thu 2025-02-27 22:13:42 CST, end at Mon 2025-06-02 19:23:23 CST. -- 6月 02 12:15:41 xzh-VirtualBox systemd[1]: postfix.service: Unit cannot be reloaded because it is inactive. 6月 02 12:16:04 xzh-VirtualBox systemd[1]: postfix.service: Unit cannot be reloaded because it is inactive. 6月 02 12:20:49 xzh-VirtualBox systemd[1]: Starting Postfix Mail Transport Agent... 6月 02 12:20:49 xzh-VirtualBox postfix/postfix-script[7571]: fatal: the Postfix mail system is already running 6月 02 12:20:50 xzh-VirtualBox systemd[1]: postfix.service: Main process exited, code=exited, status=1/FAILURE 6月 02 12:20:50 xzh-VirtualBox systemd[1]: postfix.service: Failed with result 'exit-code'. 6月 02 12:20:50 xzh-VirtualBox systemd[1]: Failed to start Postfix Mail Transport Agent. 6月 02 12:26:25 xzh-VirtualBox systemd[1]: Starting Postfix Mail Transport Agent... 6月 02 12:26:25 xzh-VirtualBox postfix/postfix-script[9080]: fatal: the Postfix mail system is already running 6月 02 12:26:26 xzh-VirtualBox systemd[1]: postfix.service: Main process exited, code=exited, status=1/FAILURE 6月 02 12:26:26 xzh-VirtualBox systemd[1]: postfix.service: Failed with result 'exit-code'. 6月 02 12:26:26 xzh-VirtualBox systemd[1]: Failed to start Postfix Mail Transport Agent. 6月 02 12:36:57 xzh-VirtualBox systemd[1]: Starting Postfix Mail Transport Agent... 6月 02 12:36:57 xzh-VirtualBox postfix/postfix-script[9380]: fatal: the Postfix mail system is already running 6月 02 12:36:58 xzh-VirtualBox systemd[1]: postfix.service: Main process exited, code=exited, status=1/FAILURE 6月 02 12:36:58 xzh-VirtualBox systemd[1]: postfix.service: Failed with result 'exit-code'. 6月 02 12:36:58 xzh-VirtualBox systemd[1]: Failed to start Postfix Mail Transport Agent. 6月 02 12:37:29 xzh-VirtualBox systemd[1]: Starting Postfix Mail Transport Agent... 6月 02 12:37:29 xzh-VirtualBox postfix/postfix-script[10055]: fatal: the Postfix mail system is already running 6月 02 12:37:30 xzh-VirtualBox systemd[1]: postfix.service: Main process exited, code=exited, status=1/FAILURE 6月 02 12:37:30 xzh-VirtualBox systemd[1]: postfix.service: Failed with result 'exit-code'. 6月 02 12:37:30 xzh-VirtualBox systemd[1]: Failed to start Postfix Mail Transport Agent. 6月 02 12:41:46 xzh-VirtualBox systemd[1]: Starting Postfix Mail Transport Agent... 6月 02 12:41:46 xzh-VirtualBox postfix/postfix-script[11557]: fatal: the Postfix mail system is already running 6月 02 12:41:47 xzh-VirtualBox systemd[1]: postfix.service: Main process exited, code=exited, status=1/FAILURE 6月 02 12:41:47 xzh-VirtualBox systemd[1]: postfix.service: Failed with result 'exit-code'. 6月 02 12:41:47 xzh-VirtualBox systemd[1]: Failed to start Postfix Mail Transport Agent. 6月 02 12:42:13 xzh-VirtualBox systemd[1]: Starting Postfix Mail Transport Agent... 6月 02 12:42:13 xzh-VirtualBox postfix/postfix-script[12242]: fatal: the Postfix mail system is already running 6月 02 12:42:14 xzh-VirtualBox systemd[1]: postfix.service: Main process exited, code=exited, status=1/FAILURE 6月 02 12:42:14 xzh-VirtualBox systemd[1]: postfix.service: Failed with result 'exit-code'. 6月 02 12:42:14 xzh-VirtualBox systemd[1]: Failed to start Postfix Mail Transport Agent. 6月 02 12:53:11 xzh-VirtualBox systemd[1]: postfix.service: Unit cannot be reloaded because it is inactive. 6月 02 12:54:09 xzh-VirtualBox systemd[1]: Starting Postfix Mail Transport Agent... 6月 02 12:54:09 xzh-VirtualBox postfix/postfix-script[12307]: fatal: the Postfix mail system is already running 6月 02 12:54:10 xzh-VirtualBox systemd[1]: postfix.service: Main process exited, code=exited, status=1/FAILURE 6月 02 12:54:10 xzh-VirtualBox systemd[1]: postfix.service: Failed with result 'exit-code'. 6月 02 12:54:10 xzh-VirtualBox systemd[1]: Failed to start Postfix Mail Transport Agent. 6月 02 12:54:23 xzh-VirtualBox systemd[1]: postfix.service: Unit cannot be reloaded because it is inactive. 6月 02 13:03:15 xzh-VirtualBox.xiangzouhao.asia systemd[1]: postfix.service: Unit cannot be reloaded because it is inactive. 6月 02 13:07:53 xzh-VirtualBox.xiangzouhao.asia systemd[1]: Starting Postfix Mail Transport Agent... 6月 02 13:07:53 xzh-VirtualBox.xiangzouhao.asia postfix/postfix-script[13410]: fatal: the Postfix mail system is already running 6月 02 13:07:54 xzh-VirtualBox.xiangzouhao.asia systemd[1]: postfix.service: Main process exited, code=exited, status=1/FAILURE 6月 02 13:07:54 xzh-VirtualBox.xiangzouhao.asia systemd[1]: postfix.service: Failed with result 'exit-code'. 6月 02 13:07:54 xzh-VirtualBox.xiangzouhao.asia systemd[1]: Failed to start Postfix Mail Transport Agent. 6月 02 13:13:38 xzh-VirtualBox.xiangzouhao.asia systemd[1]: Starting Postfix Mail Transport Agent... 6月 02 13:13:38 xzh-VirtualBox.xiangzouhao.asia postfix/postfix-script[14137]: fatal: the Postfix mail system is already running 6月 02 13:13:39 xzh-VirtualBox.xiangzouhao.asia systemd[1]: postfix.service: Main process exited, code=exited, status=1/FAILURE 6月 02 13:13:39 xzh-VirtualBox.xiangzouhao.asia systemd[1]: postfix.service: Failed with result 'exit-code'. 6月 02 13:13:39 xzh-VirtualBox.xiangzouhao.asia systemd[1]: Failed to start Postfix Mail Transport Agent. root@xzh-VirtualBox:~# grep -E 'fatal|panic' /var/log/mail.log May 27 23:04:37 xzh-VirtualBox postmulti[4415]: fatal: bad string length 0 < 1: mydomain = May 27 23:04:39 xzh-VirtualBox postmulti[4792]: fatal: bad string length 0 < 1: mydomain = May 29 12:39:04 xzh-VirtualBox postmulti[1393]: fatal: bad string length 0 < 1: mydomain = May 29 19:49:00 xzh-VirtualBox postfix/postfix-script[10419]: fatal: the Postfix mail system is already running May 29 19:50:45 xzh-VirtualBox postfix/postfix-script[11091]: fatal: the Postfix mail system is already running May 29 19:52:44 xzh-VirtualBox postfix/postfix-script[11794]: fatal: the Postfix mail system is already running May 29 19:56:08 xzh-VirtualBox postfix/postfix-script[12475]: fatal: the Postfix mail system is already running May 29 20:00:24 xzh-VirtualBox postfix/postfix-script[13667]: fatal: the Postfix mail system is already running Jun 2 11:23:41 xzh-VirtualBox postfix/postfix-script[1781]: fatal: the Postfix mail system is already running Jun 2 12:03:37 xzh-VirtualBox postfix/postfix-script[6009]: fatal: the Postfix mail system is already running Jun 2 12:11:33 xzh-VirtualBox postfix/postfix-script[6812]: fatal: the Postfix mail system is already running Jun 2 12:15:02 xzh-VirtualBox postfix/postfix-script[7503]: fatal: the Postfix mail system is already running Jun 2 12:16:01 xzh-VirtualBox postfix/postmap[7526]: fatal: open /etc/postfix/virtual: No such file or directory Jun 2 12:20:49 xzh-VirtualBox postfix/postfix-script[7571]: fatal: the Postfix mail system is already running Jun 2 12:26:23 xzh-VirtualBox postfix/postfix-script[8419]: fatal: the Postfix mail system is not running Jun 2 12:26:25 xzh-VirtualBox postfix/postfix-script[9080]: fatal: the Postfix mail system is already running Jun 2 12:36:57 xzh-VirtualBox postfix/postfix-script[9380]: fatal: the Postfix mail system is already running Jun 2 12:37:29 xzh-VirtualBox postfix/postfix-script[10055]: fatal: the Postfix mail system is already running Jun 2 12:41:46 xzh-VirtualBox postfix/postfix-script[11557]: fatal: the Postfix mail system is already running Jun 2 12:42:08 xzh-VirtualBox postfix/postfix-script[11578]: fatal: the Postfix mail system is not running Jun 2 12:42:13 xzh-VirtualBox postfix/postfix-script[12242]: fatal: the Postfix mail system is already running Jun 2 12:54:09 xzh-VirtualBox postfix/postfix-script[12307]: fatal: the Postfix mail system is already running Jun 2 13:07:53 xzh-VirtualBox postfix/postfix-script[13410]: fatal: the Postfix mail system is already running Jun 2 13:13:38 xzh-VirtualBox postfix/postfix-script[14137]: fatal: the Postfix mail system is already running root@xzh-VirtualBox:~#
06-03
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