mysql5.7安装

最新推荐文章于 2025-04-28 19:31:40 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2025-04-28 19:31:40 发布

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分类专栏： mysql 文章标签： mysql hive

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1、下载mysql5.7.21通用二进制版

[root@CentOS local]# wget https://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-5.7.21-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz

2、卸载系统自带的MariaDB

[root@CentOS ~]# rpm -qa | grep mariadb  
mariadb-libs-5.5.52-1.el7.x86_64  
[root@CentOS ~]# rpm -e --nodeps mariadb-libs-5.5.52-1.el7.x86_64

3、创建mysql用户组和mysql用户

[root@CentOS local]# groupadd mysql
[root@CentOS local]# useradd -g mysql -r -s /bin/false mysql
//-r参数表示mysql用户是系统用户，-s 指定用户登入后所使用的shell。默认值为/bin/bash。设置为/bin/false不可用于登录系统

4、解压安装包，并将解压好的文件夹重命名为mysql

[root@CentOS local]# tar -zxvf mysql-5.7.21-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz   
mysql-5.7.21-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/bin/myisam_ftdump  
mysql-5.7.21-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/bin/myisamchk  
mysql-5.7.21-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/bin/myisamlog  
mysql-5.7.21-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/bin/myisampack  
mysql-5.7.21-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/bin/mysql  
mysql-5.7.21-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/bin/mysql_client_test_embedded  
mysql-5.7.21-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/bin/mysql_config_editor  
mysql-5.7.21-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/bin/mysql_embedded  
mysql-5.7.21-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/bin/mysql_install_db  
mysql-5.7.21-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/bin/mysql_plugin  
......（略去内容）.....  
[root@CentOS local]# mv mysql-5.7.21-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 mysql

5、support-files目录未发现my-default.cnf，需要创建：

vim /etc/my.cnf

#复制以下内容

[client]
port = 3306
socket = /tmp/mysql.sock

[mysqld]
character_set_server=utf8
init_connect='SET NAMES utf8'
basedir=/usr/local/mysql
datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
socket=/tmp/mysql.sock
log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log
pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
#不区分大小写
lower_case_table_names = 1

sql_mode=STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,NO_ZERO_IN_DATE,NO_ZERO_DATE,ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO,NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER,NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION

max_connections=5000

default-time_zone = '+8:00'

6、将mysql添加为系统服务

[root@CentOS local]# cp mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql  
[root@CentOS local]# chkconfig --add mysql 
 将mysql服务设置为开机启动
[root@CentOS mysql]# chkconfig mysql on

7、初始化数据库

[root@CentOS mysql]# mkdir data  
[root@CentOS mysql]# ./bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data  
2018-02-24T11:03:47.265873Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).  
2018-02-24T11:03:48.343129Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=45790  
2018-02-24T11:03:48.473269Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system tables.  
2018-02-24T11:03:48.541782Z 0 [Warning] No existing UUID has been found, so we assume that this is the first time that this server has been started. Generating a new UUID: 63b1ed0c-1952-11e8-aa97-000c29847b2d.  
2018-02-24T11:03:48.542867Z 0 [Warning] Gtid table is not ready to be used. Table 'mysql.gtid_executed' cannot be opened.  
2018-02-24T11:03:48.543383Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: =u>yyVorV7g%  
[root@CentOS mysql]#

如上所示，在/usr/local/mysql目录下创建用于保存数据的data 目录，初始化数据库后获得的临时密码为：=u>yyVorV7g%可以在mysql_error.log文件找到

生成ssl

[root@CentOS mysql]# mysql_ssl_rsa_setup --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data/

8、启动mysql服务，使用临时密码登录mysql

[root@CentOS mysql]# systemctl start mysql        # 使用 service mysql start 也可以  
[root@CentOS mysql]# ps -ef | grep mysql  
root       4654      1  0 19:07 ?        00:00:00 /bin/sh /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data --pid-file=/usr/local/mysql/data/CentOS.pid  
mysql      4739   4654  4 19:07 ?        00:00:00 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data --plugin-dir=/usr/local/mysql/lib/plugin --user=mysql --log-error=CentOS.err --pid-file=/usr/local/mysql/data/CentOS.pid  
root       4772   3618  0 19:07 pts/0    00:00:00 grep --color=auto mysql  
[root@CentOS mysql]# ./bin/mysql -u root -p  
Enter password:                     # 这里输入刚获取的临时密码  
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.  
Your MySQL connection id is 2  
Server version: 5.7.21  

Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.  

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its  
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective  
owners.  

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.  

mysql>

9、修改登录密码

mysql> SET PASSWORD FOR 'root'@'localhost' = PASSWORD('root');    # 将 root 登录密码修改为123456  
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)  

mysql>

10、设置任何远程主机都可以访问数据库

[root@CentOS bin]# ./mysql -u root -p  
Enter password:   
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.  
Your MySQL connection id is 6  
Server version: 5.7.21 MySQL Community Server (GPL)  

Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.  

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its  
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective  
owners.  

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.  

mysql> grant all privileges on *.* to 'root' @'%' identified by 'root';    # 设置任何远程主机都可以访问  
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)  

mysql> flush privileges;                # 刷新权限  
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)  

mysql>

11、开放 3306 端口

[root@CentOS bin]# firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=3306/tcp --permanent    # 添加 3306 端口  
success  
[root@CentOS bin]# firewall-cmd --reload    # 重新载入  
success  
[root@CentOS bin]#

总结：

1.mysql -uroot -p
 Enter password: 
 ERROR 2002 (HY000): Can't connect to local MySQL server through      socket '/tmp/mysql.sock' (2)

 find / -name mysql.sock
 如果能查到结果的话，只需将查到的结果做一个软连接到/tmp目录下即可解决
 ln -s /var/lib/mysql.sock /tmp/mysql.sock

连接localhost通常通过一个Unix域套接字文件进行，一般是/tmp/mysql.sock。如果套接字文件被删除了，本地客户就不能连接。这可能发生在你的系统运行一个cron任务删除了/tmp下的临时文件。

如果你因为丢失套接字文件而不能连接，你可以简单地通过重启服务器重新创建得到它。因为服务器在启动时重新创建它。

如果和我一样，重启服务器还是没有任何变化，你可以先执行下面的语句：
# mysql -uroot -h 127.0.0.1 -p 
不出意外，这句话应该是可以执行的，你现在不能用套接字建立连接因为它不见了，所以可以建立一个TCP/IP连接

2.mysql: mysqld_safe Directory '/var/run/mysqld' for UNIX socket file don't exists
    5.,7下,mysqld_safe启动实例报错
    [root@test2 ~]# 2018-09-08T01:42:11.940420Z mysqld_safe Logging to '/var/log/mysqld/my57_3307.log'.
    2018-09-08T01:42:11.949380Z mysqld_safe Directory '/var/run/mysqld' for UNIX socket file don't exists.
    [1]+  Exit 1   /usr/local/mysql57/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/dbdata/mysql/my57_3307/my57_3307.cnf --ledir=/usr/local/mysql57/bin
解决办法:
    [root@test2 ~]# vim /usr/local/mysql57/bin/mysqld_safe
    # Check that directory for $safe_mysql_unix_port exists
    mysql_unix_port_dir=`dirname $safe_mysql_unix_port`
    if [ ! -d $mysql_unix_port_dir ]
    then
      mkdir $mysql_unix_port_dir
      chown $user $mysql_unix_port_dir
      chmod 755 $mysql_unix_port_dir
    #  Changed 5.7 setttings:
    #  log_error "Directory '$mysql_unix_port_dir' for UNIX socket file don't exists."
    #  exit 1
    fi
5.7的mysqld_safe启动检查目录时,没有直接报错退出.改成5.6的建目录即可