java彩色验证码的一个例子

    图片产生和验证类 VerifyCodeGenerator .java 来源于http://www.blogjava.net/wuxingjia/archive/2008/04/05/190893.html在此谢过！

    Demo如下：

1、webProject:

   

2、源文件：

    1、VerifyCodeGenerator .java (来源：http://www.blogjava.net/wuxingjia/archive/2008/04/05/190893.html)

import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Font;
import java.awt.Graphics;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Random;
import javax.servlet.ServletOutputStream;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import com.sun.image.codec.jpeg.JPEGCodec;
import com.sun.image.codec.jpeg.JPEGImageEncoder;
/**
* @(#)VerifyCodeServlet.java Dec 9, 2007 8:14:14 PM
*
* @author Yuan
* 验证码生成器，使用此类需要将表单里的验证码输入框的name属性设为"verifycode"
*/
public class VerifyCodeGenerator {
    
    private static final VerifyCodeGenerator generator = new VerifyCodeGenerator();
    
    private final String ATTRIBUTE_NAME = "verifycode";
    //图片的宽度
    private final int WIDTH = 15;
    //图片的高度
    private final int HEIGHT = 22;
    //字符串长度
    private final int CODE_LENGTH = 4;
    //随机字符串范围
    private final String RAND_RANGE = "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz"
        + "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ"
        + "1234567890"
        + "@#quot";
    
    private final char[] CHARS = RAND_RANGE.toCharArray();
    
    private Random random = new Random();
    
    private VerifyCodeGenerator(){
        //
    }
    
    public static VerifyCodeGenerator getInstance(){
        return generator;
    }
    
    /**
     * 生成随机字符串
     * @return 随机字符串
     */
    private String getRandString(){
        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
        for (int i = 0; i < CODE_LENGTH; i++)
            sb.append(CHARS[random.nextInt(CHARS.length)]);
        return sb.toString();
    }
    
    /**
     * 生成随机颜色
     * @param ll 产生颜色值下限(lower limit)
     * @param ul 产生颜色值上限(upper limit)
     * @return 生成的随机颜色对象
     */
    private Color getRandColor(int ll, int ul){
        if (ll > 255) ll = 255;
        if (ll < 1) ll = 1;
        if (ul > 255) ul = 255;
        if (ul < 1) ul = 1;
        if (ul == ll) ul = ll + 1;
        int r = random.nextInt(ul - ll) + ll;
        int g = random.nextInt(ul - ll) + ll;
        int b = random.nextInt(ul - ll) + ll;
        Color color = new Color(r,g,b);
        return color;
    }
    
    /**
     * 生成指定字符串的图像数据
     * @param verifyCode 即将被打印的随机字符串
     * @return 生成的图像数据
     * */
    private BufferedImage getImage(String verifyCode){
        
        BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(WIDTH * CODE_LENGTH, HEIGHT, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
        
        //获取图形上下文
        Graphics graphics = image.getGraphics();
        
        //设置背景色
        graphics.setColor(getRandColor(1,50));
        //填充背景色
        graphics.fillRect(0, 0, WIDTH * 4, HEIGHT);
        
        //设置边框颜色
        graphics.setColor(new Color(0,255,0));
        //画边框
        for (int i=0; i<2; i++)
            graphics.drawRect(i, i, WIDTH * CODE_LENGTH - i * 2 - 1, HEIGHT - i * 2 - 1);
        
        //设置随机干扰线条颜色
        graphics.setColor(getRandColor(50,100));
        //产生50条干扰线条
        for (int i=0; i<50; i++){
            int x1 = random.nextInt(WIDTH * CODE_LENGTH - 4) + 2;
            int y1 = random.nextInt(HEIGHT - 4) + 2;
            int x2 = random.nextInt(WIDTH * CODE_LENGTH - 2 - x1) + x1;
            int y2 = y1;
            graphics.drawLine(x1, y1, x2, y2);
        }
        
        //设置字体
        graphics.setFont(new Font("Times New Roman", Font.PLAIN, 18));
        //画字符串
        for (int i=0; i<this.CODE_LENGTH; i++){
            String temp = verifyCode.substring(i, i+1);
            graphics.setColor(getRandColor(100,255));
            graphics.drawString(temp, 13 * i + 6, 16);
        }
        
        //图像生效
        graphics.dispose();
        
        return image;
    }
    
    /**
     * 将验证码的图像输出
     * @param request 用户的请求对象
     * @param response 用户的响应对象
     * */
    public void printImage(HttpServletRequest request,
            HttpServletResponse response){
        //将ContentType设为"image/jpeg"，让浏览器识别图像格式。
        response.setContentType("image/jpeg");
        //设置页面不缓存
        response.setHeader("Pragma", "No-cache");
        response.setHeader("Cache-Control", "no-cache");
        response.setDateHeader("Expires", 2000);
        
        //获得随机验证码
        String verifyCode = this.getRandString();
        String str = "ssss";
        for(int i=0; i<10; i++)
            str = str + str;
        //获得验证码的图像数据
        BufferedImage bi = this.getImage(verifyCode);
        //把验证码存入session
        request.getSession().setAttribute(ATTRIBUTE_NAME, verifyCode);
        try{
            //获得Servlet输出流
            ServletOutputStream outStream = response.getOutputStream();
            //创建可用来将图像数据编码为JPEG数据流的编码器
            JPEGImageEncoder encoder = JPEGCodec.createJPEGEncoder(outStream);
            //将图像数据进行编码
            encoder.encode(bi);
            //强行将缓冲区的内容输入到页面
            outStream.flush();
            //关闭输出流
            outStream.close();
        }catch(IOException ex){
            ex.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
    
    /**
     * 检查输入的验证码是否正确，若用户输入的验证码与生成的验证码相符则返回true，否则返回false。
     * @param request 用户的请求对象
     * @return 验证结果
     * */
    public boolean check(HttpServletRequest request){
        if (((String)request.getParameter(ATTRIBUTE_NAME))
                .equalsIgnoreCase((String)request.getSession().getAttribute(ATTRIBUTE_NAME))){
            request.getSession().removeAttribute(ATTRIBUTE_NAME);
            return true;
        }
        return false;
    }
}

    2、 Image.java (此servlet调用输出图片)

import java.io.IOException;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

public class Image extends HttpServlet
{

 @Override
 protected void service(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
   throws ServletException, IOException
 {
        VerifyCodeGenerator vg = VerifyCodeGenerator.getInstance();
  
      vg.printImage(request, response);
 }
}

    3、Login （此servlet处理表单输入）

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

public class Login extends HttpServlet
{
 
 public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
   throws ServletException, IOException
 {
  doPost(request,response);
 }

 public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
   throws ServletException, IOException
 {
  VerifyCodeGenerator vg = VerifyCodeGenerator.getInstance();
  
  String vcode = request.getParameter("verifycode");
  if(null == vcode||""==vcode.trim())
   {
   request.setAttribute("error", "请输入验证码！");
   request.getRequestDispatcher("index.jsp").forward(request, response);
   }
  else if(true == vg.check(request))
   request.getRequestDispatcher("success.jsp").forward(request, response);
  else
  {
   
   request.setAttribute("error", "验证码不正确请重新输入！");
   request.getRequestDispatcher("index.jsp").forward(request, response);
  }
  
 }
}

    4、web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app version="2.4"
 xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee"
 xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
 xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee
 http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee/web-app_2_4.xsd">

  <servlet>
    <servlet-name>Login</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>Login</servlet-class>
  </servlet>
    <servlet>
    <servlet-name>Image</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>Image</servlet-class>
  </servlet>

  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>Login</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/Login</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>
  
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>Image</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/image</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>
 
 
  <welcome-file-list>
    <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
  </welcome-file-list>
</web-app>

    5、首页index.jsp

<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>

<html>
  <head>
  <script type="text/javascript">
   function refresh()
   {
      document.getElementById("image").src='image?now=' + new Date();
   }
  </script>
 
  <title>index</title>
  </head>
  <body>
    <form action="Login"> 
    <table>
    <tr>
   <td>验证码:<input type="text" name="verifycode" size="4"><IMG src="image" id="image"><a href="#" οnclick="refresh()"><input type="button" value="刷新" /></a></td>
   </tr>
   <%if(null!=request.getAttribute("error")){%><tr><td><%=request.getAttribute("error") %></td></tr> <%}%>  
    </table>
     <input type="submit" value="提交">
    </form>
  </body>
</html>

    6. success成功返回页

<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>

<html>
  <head>
    <title>sucess</title>
  </head>
  <body>
    success!
  </body>
</html>