11-SpringCloud Alibaba-Seata处理分布式事务

一、Seata基本介绍

官网：https://seata.apache.org/zh-cn/

Seata 是一款开源的分布式事务解决方案，致力于提供高性能和简单易用的分布式事务服务。Seata 将为用户提供了 AT、TCC、SAGA 和 XA 事务模式，为用户打造一站式的分布式解决方案。

我们只需要使用一个@GlobalTransactional注解在业务方法上便可实现分布式事务

Seata的工作流程

纵观整个分布式事务的管理，就是全局事务ID的传递和变更，让开发者无感知

Seata对分布式事务的协调和控制就是1+3：

1个XID：XID是全局事务的唯一标识，它可以在服务的调用链路中传递，绑定到服务的事务上下文中；

3个概念（TC-TM-RM）:

TC（Transaction Coordinator）事务协调器：维护全局和分支事务的状态，驱动全局事务提交或回滚（Seata）；

TM（Transaction Manager）事务管理器：定义全局事务的范围，开启全局事务、提交或回滚全局事务（标注全局@GlobalTransactional启动入口动作的微服务模块）；

RM（Resource Manager）资源管理器：管理分支事务处理的资源，与TC交谈以注册分支事务和报告分支事务的状态，并驱动分支事务提交或回滚（数据库）。

三个组件相互协作，TC以Seata服务器（Server）形式独立部署，TM和RM则是以Seata Client的形式集成在微服务中运行

1、TM向TC申请开启一个全局事务，全局事务创建成功并生成一个全局唯一的XID；

2、XID在微服务调用链路的上下文中传播；

3、RM向TC注册分支事务，将其纳入XID对应全局事务的管辖；

4、TM向TC发起针对XID的全局提交或回滚决议；

5、TC调度XID下管辖的全部分支事务完成提交或回滚请求。

二、Seata下载安装

1、下载

官方地址：https://seata.apache.org/zh-cn/unversioned/download/seata-server

github地址：https://github.com/apache/incubator-seata/releases

2、创建数据库

在mysql8.0数据库创建seate数据库和它所需的表。

sql脚本

建库：

CREATE DATABASE seata;
USE seata;

建表：

-- -------------------------------- The script used when storeMode is 'db' --------------------------------

-- the table to store GlobalSession data

CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `global_table`

(

    `xid`                       VARCHAR(128) NOT NULL,

    `transaction_id`            BIGINT,

    `status`                    TINYINT      NOT NULL,

    `application_id`            VARCHAR(32),

    `transaction_service_group` VARCHAR(32),

    `transaction_name`          VARCHAR(128),

    `timeout`                   INT,

    `begin_time`                BIGINT,

    `application_data`          VARCHAR(2000),

    `gmt_create`                DATETIME,

    `gmt_modified`              DATETIME,

    PRIMARY KEY (`xid`),

    KEY `idx_status_gmt_modified` (`status` , `gmt_modified`),

    KEY `idx_transaction_id` (`transaction_id`)

) ENGINE = InnoDB

  DEFAULT CHARSET = utf8mb4;



-- the table to store BranchSession data

CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `branch_table`

(

    `branch_id`         BIGINT       NOT NULL,

    `xid`               VARCHAR(128) NOT NULL,

    `transaction_id`    BIGINT,

    `resource_group_id` VARCHAR(32),

    `resource_id`       VARCHAR(256),

    `branch_type`       VARCHAR(8),

    `status`            TINYINT,

    `client_id`         VARCHAR(64),

    `application_data`  VARCHAR(2000),

    `gmt_create`        DATETIME(6),

    `gmt_modified`      DATETIME(6),

    PRIMARY KEY (`branch_id`),

    KEY `idx_xid` (`xid`)

) ENGINE = InnoDB

  DEFAULT CHARSET = utf8mb4;



-- the table to store lock data

CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `lock_table`

(

    `row_key`        VARCHAR(128) NOT NULL,

    `xid`            VARCHAR(128),

    `transaction_id` BIGINT,

    `branch_id`      BIGINT       NOT NULL,

    `resource_id`    VARCHAR(256),

    `table_name`     VARCHAR(32),

    `pk`             VARCHAR(36),

    `status`         TINYINT      NOT NULL DEFAULT '0' COMMENT '0:locked ,1:rollbacking',

    `gmt_create`     DATETIME,

    `gmt_modified`   DATETIME,

    PRIMARY KEY (`row_key`),

    KEY `idx_status` (`status`),

    KEY `idx_branch_id` (`branch_id`),

    KEY `idx_xid` (`xid`)

) ENGINE = InnoDB

  DEFAULT CHARSET = utf8mb4;



CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `distributed_lock`

(

    `lock_key`       CHAR(20) NOT NULL,

    `lock_value`     VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL,

    `expire`         BIGINT,

    primary key (`lock_key`)

) ENGINE = InnoDB

  DEFAULT CHARSET = utf8mb4;



INSERT INTO `distributed_lock` (lock_key, lock_value, expire) VALUES ('AsyncCommitting', ' ', 0);

INSERT INTO `distributed_lock` (lock_key, lock_value, expire) VALUES ('RetryCommitting', ' ', 0);

INSERT INTO `distributed_lock` (lock_key, lock_value, expire) VALUES ('RetryRollbacking', ' ', 0);

INSERT INTO `distributed_lock` (lock_key, lock_value, expire) VALUES ('TxTimeoutCheck', ' ', 0);

3、更改配置

修改\seata\conf路径下的application.yml文件

#  Copyright 1999-2019 Seata.io Group.
#
#  Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
#  you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
#  You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
#  http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
#  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
#  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
#  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
#  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
#  limitations under the License.

server:
  port: 7091

spring:
  application:
    name: seata-server

logging:
  config: classpath:logback-spring.xml
  file:
    path: ${log.home:${user.home}/logs/seata}
  extend:
    logstash-appender:
      destination: 127.0.0.1:4560
    kafka-appender:
      bootstrap-servers: 127.0.0.1:9092
      topic: logback_to_logstash

console:
  user:
    username: seata
    password: seata
seata:

  config:

    type: nacos

    nacos:

      server-addr: 127.0.0.1:8848

      namespace:

      group: SEATA_GROUP #后续自己在nacos里面新建,不想新建SEATA_GROUP，就写DEFAULT_GROUP

      username: nacos

      password: nacos

  registry:

    type: nacos

    nacos:

      application: seata-server

      server-addr: 127.0.0.1:8848

      group: SEATA_GROUP #后续自己在nacos里面新建,不想新建SEATA_GROUP，就写DEFAULT_GROUP

      namespace:

      cluster: default

      username: nacos

      password: nacos    

  store:

    mode: db

    db:

      datasource: druid

      db-type: mysql

      driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver

      url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/seata?characterEncoding=utf8&useSSL=false&serverTimezone=GMT%2B8&rewriteBatchedStatements=true&allowPublicKeyRetrieval=true

      user: root

      password: 123456

      min-conn: 10

      max-conn: 100

      global-table: global_table

      branch-table: branch_table

      lock-table: lock_table

      distributed-lock-table: distributed_lock

      query-limit: 1000

      max-wait: 5000
  security:
    secretKey: SeataSecretKey0c382ef121d778043159209298fd40bf3850a017
    tokenValidityInMilliseconds: 1800000
    ignore:
      urls: /,/**/*.css,/**/*.js,/**/*.html,/**/*.map,/**/*.svg,/**/*.png,/**/*.jpeg,/**/*.ico,/api/v1/auth/login,/metadata/v1/**

4、运行Nacos

startup.cmd -m standalone

5、运行Seata

到~\seata\bin路径下双击seata-server.bat

访问http://localhost:7091/ 用户名和密码都是seata

查看nacos

三、Seata数据库和表准备

订单+库存+账户 3个业务数据库

案例需求：

这里我们创建三个服务，一个订单服务，一个库存服务，一个账户服务。

当用户下单时，会在订单服务中创建一个订单，然后通过远程调用库存服务来扣减下单商品的库存，

再通过远程调用账户服务来扣减用户账户里面的余额，

最后在订单服务中修改订单状态为已完成。该操作跨越三个数据库，有两次远程调用，很明显会有分布式事务问题。

1、创建seata_order库和表

#order

CREATE DATABASE seata_order;

USE seata_order;



CREATE TABLE t_order(

                        `id` BIGINT(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY,

                        `user_id` BIGINT(11) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '用户id',

                        `product_id` BIGINT(11)DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '产品id',

                        `count` INT(11) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '数量',

                        `money` DECIMAL(11,0) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '金额',

                        `status` INT(1) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '订单状态: 0:创建中; 1:已完结'

)ENGINE=INNODB AUTO_INCREMENT=1 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;



SELECT * FROM t_order;



-- for AT mode you must to init this sql for you business database. the seata server not need it.

CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `undo_log`

(

    `branch_id`     BIGINT       NOT NULL COMMENT 'branch transaction id',

    `xid`           VARCHAR(128) NOT NULL COMMENT 'global transaction id',

    `context`       VARCHAR(128) NOT NULL COMMENT 'undo_log context,such as serialization',

    `rollback_info` LONGBLOB     NOT NULL COMMENT 'rollback info',

    `log_status`    INT(11)      NOT NULL COMMENT '0:normal status,1:defense status',

    `log_created`   DATETIME(6)  NOT NULL COMMENT 'create datetime',

    `log_modified`  DATETIME(6)  NOT NULL COMMENT 'modify datetime',

    UNIQUE KEY `ux_undo_log` (`xid`, `branch_id`)

) ENGINE = InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT = 1 DEFAULT CHARSET = utf8mb4 COMMENT ='AT transaction mode undo table';

ALTER TABLE `undo_log` ADD INDEX `ix_log_created` (`log_created`);

2、创建seata_storage库和表

#storage

CREATE DATABASE seata_storage;



USE seata_storage;



CREATE TABLE t_storage(

                          `id` BIGINT(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY,

                          `product_id` BIGINT(11) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '产品id',

                          `total` INT(11) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '总库存',

                          `used` INT(11) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '已用库存',

                          `residue` INT(11) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '剩余库存'

)ENGINE=INNODB AUTO_INCREMENT=1 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;



INSERT INTO t_storage(`id`,`product_id`,`total`,`used`,`residue`)VALUES('1','1','100','0','100');



SELECT * FROM t_storage;



-- for AT mode you must to init this sql for you business database. the seata server not need it.

CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `undo_log`

(

    `branch_id`     BIGINT       NOT NULL COMMENT 'branch transaction id',

    `xid`           VARCHAR(128) NOT NULL COMMENT 'global transaction id',

    `context`       VARCHAR(128) NOT NULL COMMENT 'undo_log context,such as serialization',

    `rollback_info` LONGBLOB     NOT NULL COMMENT 'rollback info',

    `log_status`    INT(11)      NOT NULL COMMENT '0:normal status,1:defense status',

    `log_created`   DATETIME(6)  NOT NULL COMMENT 'create datetime',

    `log_modified`  DATETIME(6)  NOT NULL COMMENT 'modify datetime',

    UNIQUE KEY `ux_undo_log` (`xid`, `branch_id`)

) ENGINE = InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT = 1 DEFAULT CHARSET = utf8mb4 COMMENT ='AT transaction mode undo table';

ALTER TABLE `undo_log` ADD INDEX `ix_log_created` (`log_created`);

3、创建seata_account库和表

#account

create database seata_account;



use seata_account;



CREATE TABLE t_account(

                          `id` BIGINT(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY COMMENT 'id',

                          `user_id` BIGINT(11) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '用户id',

                          `total` DECIMAL(10,0) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '总额度',

                          `used` DECIMAL(10,0) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '已用余额',

                          `residue` DECIMAL(10,0) DEFAULT '0' COMMENT '剩余可用额度'

)ENGINE=INNODB AUTO_INCREMENT=2 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;



INSERT INTO t_account(`id`,`user_id`,`total`,`used`,`residue`)VALUES('1','1','1000','0','1000');



SELECT * FROM t_account;

-- for AT mode you must to init this sql for you business database. the seata server not need it.

CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `undo_log`

(

    `branch_id`     BIGINT       NOT NULL COMMENT 'branch transaction id',

    `xid`           VARCHAR(128) NOT NULL COMMENT 'global transaction id',

    `context`       VARCHAR(128) NOT NULL COMMENT 'undo_log context,such as serialization',

    `rollback_info` LONGBLOB     NOT NULL COMMENT 'rollback info',

    `log_status`    INT(11)      NOT NULL COMMENT '0:normal status,1:defense status',

    `log_created`   DATETIME(6)  NOT NULL COMMENT 'create datetime',

    `log_modified`  DATETIME(6)  NOT NULL COMMENT 'modify datetime',

    UNIQUE KEY `ux_undo_log` (`xid`, `branch_id`)

) ENGINE = InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT = 1 DEFAULT CHARSET = utf8mb4 COMMENT ='AT transaction mode undo table';

ALTER TABLE `undo_log` ADD INDEX `ix_log_created` (`log_created`);

4、最终效果

undo_log表是AT模式专用，其他模式不需要；

undo_log表的作用：

用于回滚操作，记录每个分支事务在执行过程中的原始数据，当发生异常时，可以通过这些日志恢复数据到初始状态，保证事务的原子性

四、Seata微服务编码落地实现

1、业务需求

下订单-》减库存-》扣余额-》改（订单状态）

2、Mybatis一键生成

config.properties

#t_pay\u8868\u5305\u540D
package.name=com.atguigu.cloud

# mysql8.0
#jdbc.driverClass = com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
#jdbc.url= jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/db2024?characterEncoding=utf8&useSSL=false&serverTimezone=GMT%2B8&rewriteBatchedStatements=true&allowPublicKeyRetrieval=true
#jdbc.user = root
#jdbc.password =123456

# seata_order
#jdbc.driverClass = com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
#jdbc.url = jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/seata_order?characterEncoding=utf8&useSSL=false&serverTimezone=GMT%2B8&rewriteBatchedStatements=true&allowPublicKeyRetrieval=true
#jdbc.user = root
#jdbc.password =123456

# seata_storage
#jdbc.driverClass = com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
#jdbc.url = jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/seata_storage?characterEncoding=utf8&useSSL=false&serverTimezone=GMT%2B8&rewriteBatchedStatements=true&allowPublicKeyRetrieval=true
#jdbc.user = root
#jdbc.password =123456

# seata_account
jdbc.driverClass = com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.url = jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/seata_account?characterEncoding=utf8&useSSL=false&serverTimezone=GMT%2B8&rewriteBatchedStatements=true&allowPublicKeyRetrieval=true
jdbc.user = root
jdbc.password =123456

generatorConfig.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE generatorConfiguration
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD MyBatis Generator Configuration 1.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-generator-config_1_0.dtd">

<generatorConfiguration>
    <properties resource="config.properties"/>

    <context id="Mysql" targetRuntime="MyBatis3Simple" defaultModelType="flat">
        <property name="beginningDelimiter" value="`"/>
        <property name="endingDelimiter" value="`"/>

        <plugin type="tk.mybatis.mapper.generator.MapperPlugin">
            <property name="mappers" value="tk.mybatis.mapper.common.Mapper"/>
            <property name="caseSensitive" value="true"/>
        </plugin>

        <jdbcConnection driverClass="${jdbc.driverClass}"
                        connectionURL="${jdbc.url}"
                        userId="${jdbc.user}"
                        password="${jdbc.password}">
        </jdbcConnection>

        <javaModelGenerator targetPackage="${package.name}.entities" targetProject="src/main/java"/>

        <sqlMapGenerator targetPackage="${package.name}.mapper" targetProject="src/main/java"/>

        <javaClientGenerator targetPackage="${package.name}.mapper" targetProject="src/main/java" type="XMLMAPPER"/>

<!--        <table tableName="t_pay" domainObjectName="Pay">-->
<!--            <generatedKey column="id" sqlStatement="JDBC"/>-->
<!--        </table>-->

        <!--  seata_order -->
<!--       <table tableName="t_order" domainObjectName="Order">-->
<!--            <generatedKey column="id" sqlStatement="JDBC"/>-->
<!--        </table>-->

        <!--seata_storage-->
<!--        <table tableName="t_storage" domainObjectName="Storage">-->
<!--            <generatedKey column="id" sqlStatement="JDBC"/>-->
<!--        </table>-->

        <!--seata_account-->
        <table tableName="t_account" domainObjectName="Account">
            <generatedKey column="id" sqlStatement="JDBC"/>
        </table>

    </context>
</generatorConfiguration>

最终效果：

3、修改公共微服务模块

新增StorageFeignApi

package com.atguigu.cloud.apis;

import com.atguigu.cloud.resp.ResultData;
import org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.FeignClient;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PostMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;

@FeignClient(value = "seata-storage-service")
public interface StorageFeignApi {
    /**
     * 扣减库存
     */
    @PostMapping(value = "/storage/decrease")
    ResultData decrease(@RequestParam("productId") Long productId, @RequestParam("count") Integer count);
}

新增AccountFeignApi

package com.atguigu.cloud.apis;

import com.atguigu.cloud.resp.ResultData;
import org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.FeignClient;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PostMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;

@FeignClient(value = "seata-account-service")
public interface AccountFeignApi {
    //扣减账户余额
    @PostMapping("/account/decrease")
    ResultData decrease(@RequestParam("userId") Long userId, @RequestParam("money") Long money);
}

4、新建订单Order微服务

1）建Module（seata-order-service2001）

2）改POM

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <parent>
        <groupId>com.atguigu.cloud</groupId>
        <artifactId>cloud2024</artifactId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>

    <artifactId>seata-order-service2001</artifactId>

    <properties>
        <maven.compiler.source>17</maven.compiler.source>
        <maven.compiler.target>17</maven.compiler.target>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
    </properties>
    <dependencies>
        <!-- nacos -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--alibaba-seata-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-seata</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--openfeign-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-openfeign</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--loadbalancer-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-loadbalancer</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--cloud_commons_utils-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.atguigu.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>cloud-api-commons</artifactId>
            <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--web + actuator-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--SpringBoot集成druid连接池-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
            <artifactId>druid-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!-- Swagger3 调用方式 http://你的主机IP地址:5555/swagger-ui/index.html -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springdoc</groupId>
            <artifactId>springdoc-openapi-starter-webmvc-ui</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--mybatis和springboot整合-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--Mysql数据库驱动8 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--persistence-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.persistence</groupId>
            <artifactId>persistence-api</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--通用Mapper4-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>tk.mybatis</groupId>
            <artifactId>mapper</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--hutool-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>cn.hutool</groupId>
            <artifactId>hutool-all</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!-- fastjson2 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba.fastjson2</groupId>
            <artifactId>fastjson2</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--lombok-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <version>1.18.28</version>
            <scope>provided</scope>
        </dependency>
        <!--test-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>
</project>

3）写YML

server:
  port: 2001

spring:
  application:
    name: seata-order-service
  cloud:
    nacos:
      discovery:
        server-addr: localhost:8848         #Nacos服务注册中心地址
  # ==========applicationName + druid-mysql8 driver===================
  datasource:
    type: com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource
    driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
    url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/seata_order?characterEncoding=utf8&useSSL=false&serverTimezone=GMT%2B8&rewriteBatchedStatements=true&allowPublicKeyRetrieval=true
    username: root
    password: 123456
# ========================mybatis===================
mybatis:
  mapper-locations: classpath:mapper/*.xml
  type-aliases-package: com.atguigu.cloud.entities
  configuration:
    map-underscore-to-camel-case: true

# ========================seata===================
seata:
  registry:
    type: nacos
    nacos:
      server-addr: 127.0.0.1:8848
      namespace: ""
      group: SEATA_GROUP
      application: seata-server
  tx-service-group: default_tx_group # 事务组，由它获得TC服务的集群名称
  service:
    vgroup-mapping: 
      default_tx_group: default # 事务组与TC服务集群的映射关系
  data-source-proxy-mode: AT

logging:
  level:
    io:
      seata: info

 

 

4）主启动

package com.atguigu.cloud;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;
import org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.EnableFeignClients;
import tk.mybatis.spring.annotation.MapperScan;

@SpringBootApplication
@MapperScan("com.atguigu.cloud.mapper") //import tk.mybatis.spring.annotation.MapperScan;
@EnableDiscoveryClient //服务注册和发现
@EnableFeignClients
public class SeataOrderMainApp2001
{
    public static void main(String[] args)
    {
        SpringApplication.run(SeataOrderMainApp2001.class,args);
    }
}

5）业务类

新建entities，mapper文件夹存放mybatis一键生成的代码

OrderService接口实现

package com.atguigu.cloud.service.impl;

import com.atguigu.cloud.apis.AccountFeignApi;
import com.atguigu.cloud.apis.StorageFeignApi;
import com.atguigu.cloud.entities.Order;
import com.atguigu.cloud.mapper.OrderMapper;
import com.atguigu.cloud.service.OrderService;
import io.seata.core.context.RootContext;
import jakarta.annotation.Resource;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import tk.mybatis.mapper.entity.Example;

import javax.persistence.criteria.Root;

/**
 * @ClassName OrderServiceImpl
 * @Author link
 * @Date: 2024/11/14 上午11:08
 * @Version v1.0
 * @Description:下订单->减库存->扣余额->改(订单)状态
 */
@Service
@Slf4j
public class OrderServiceImpl implements OrderService {
    @Resource
    private OrderMapper orderMapper;
    @Resource//订单微服务通过OpenFeign去调用库存微服务
    private StorageFeignApi storageFeignApi;
    @Resource//订单微服务通过OpenFeign去调用账户微服务
    private AccountFeignApi accountFeignApi;
    @Override
    public void create(Order order) {
        String xid = RootContext.getXID();
        //1. 新建订单
        log.info("==================>开始新建订单"+"\t"+"xid_order:" +xid);
        order.setStatus(0);
        int insert = orderMapper.insert(order);
        Order orderFromDB = null;
        if (insert>0){
            orderFromDB = orderMapper.selectOne(order);
            log.info("-------> 新建订单成功，orderFromDB info: "+orderFromDB);
            System.out.println();
            //2. 扣减库存
            log.info("-------> 订单微服务开始调用Storage库存，做扣减count");
            storageFeignApi.decrease(order.getProductId(), order.getCount());
            log.info("-------> 订单微服务结束调用Storage库存，做扣减完成");
            System.out.println();
            //3. 扣减账号余额
            log.info("-------> 订单微服务开始调用Account账号，做扣减money");
            accountFeignApi.decrease(order.getProductId(), order.getMoney());
            log.info("-------> 订单微服务结束调用Account账号，做扣减完成");
            System.out.println();
            //4. 修改订单状态
            //订单状态status：0：创建中；1：已完结
            log.info("-------> 修改订单状态");
            System.out.println();
            orderFromDB.setStatus(1);
            Example whereCondition=new Example(Order.class);
            Example.Criteria criteria=whereCondition.createCriteria();
            criteria.andEqualTo("userId",orderFromDB.getUserId());
            criteria.andEqualTo("status",0);

            int updateResult = orderMapper.updateByExampleSelective(orderFromDB, whereCondition);

            log.info("-------> 修改订单状态完成"+"\t"+updateResult);
            log.info("-------> orderFromDB info: "+orderFromDB);
        }
        System.out.println();
        log.info("==================>结束新建订单"+"\t"+"xid_order:" +xid);

    }
}

OrdeController接口实现

package com.atguigu.cloud.controller;

import com.atguigu.cloud.entities.Order;
import com.atguigu.cloud.resp.ResultData;
import com.atguigu.cloud.service.OrderService;
import jakarta.annotation.Resource;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

/**
 * @ClassName OrderController
 * @Author link
 * @Date: 2024/11/14 上午11:15
 * @Version v1.0
 * @Description:
 */
@RestController
public class OrderController {
    @Resource
    private OrderService orderService;

    /**
     * 创建订单
     */
    @GetMapping("/order/create")
    public ResultData create(Order order)
    {
        orderService.create(order);
        return ResultData.success(order);
    }
}

5、新建库存Storage微服务

1）建Module（seata-storage-service2002）

2）改POM

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <parent>
        <groupId>com.atguigu.cloud</groupId>
        <artifactId>cloud2024</artifactId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>

    <artifactId>seata-storage-service2002</artifactId>

    <properties>
        <maven.compiler.source>17</maven.compiler.source>
        <maven.compiler.target>17</maven.compiler.target>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
    </properties>
    <dependencies>
        <!-- nacos -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--alibaba-seata-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-seata</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--openfeign-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-openfeign</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--loadbalancer-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-loadbalancer</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--cloud_commons_utils-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.atguigu.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>cloud-api-commons</artifactId>
            <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--web + actuator-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--SpringBoot集成druid连接池-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
            <artifactId>druid-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!-- Swagger3 调用方式 http://你的主机IP地址:5555/swagger-ui/index.html -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springdoc</groupId>
            <artifactId>springdoc-openapi-starter-webmvc-ui</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--mybatis和springboot整合-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--Mysql数据库驱动8 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--persistence-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.persistence</groupId>
            <artifactId>persistence-api</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--通用Mapper4-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>tk.mybatis</groupId>
            <artifactId>mapper</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--hutool-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>cn.hutool</groupId>
            <artifactId>hutool-all</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!-- fastjson2 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba.fastjson2</groupId>
            <artifactId>fastjson2</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--lombok-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <version>1.18.28</version>
            <scope>provided</scope>
        </dependency>
        <!--test-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>
</project>

3）写YML

server:
  port: 2002

spring:
  application:
    name: seata-storage-service
  cloud:
    nacos:
      discovery:
        server-addr: localhost:8848         #Nacos服务注册中心地址
  # ==========applicationName + druid-mysql8 driver===================
  datasource:
    type: com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource
    driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
    url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/seata_storage?characterEncoding=utf8&useSSL=false&serverTimezone=GMT%2B8&rewriteBatchedStatements=true&allowPublicKeyRetrieval=true
    username: root
    password: 123456
# ========================mybatis===================
mybatis:
  mapper-locations: classpath:mapper/*.xml
  type-aliases-package: com.atguigu.cloud.entities
  configuration:
    map-underscore-to-camel-case: true
# ========================seata===================
seata:
  registry:
    type: nacos
    nacos:
      server-addr: 127.0.0.1:8848
      namespace: ""
      group: SEATA_GROUP
      application: seata-server
  tx-service-group: default_tx_group # 事务组，由它获得TC服务的集群名称
  service:
    vgroup-mapping:
      default_tx_group: default # 事务组与TC服务集群的映射关系
  data-source-proxy-mode: AT

logging:
  level:
    io:
      seata: info


 

4）主启动

package com.atguigu.cloud;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;
import org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.EnableFeignClients;
import tk.mybatis.spring.annotation.MapperScan;

@SpringBootApplication
@MapperScan("com.atguigu.cloud.mapper") //import tk.mybatis.spring.annotation.MapperScan;
@EnableDiscoveryClient //服务注册和发现
@EnableFeignClients
public class SeataStorageMainApp2002
{
    public static void main(String[] args)
    {
        SpringApplication.run(SeataStorageMainApp2002.class,args);
    }
}

5）业务类

新建entities，mapper文件夹存放mybatis一键生成的代码

StorageMapper接口实现

package com.atguigu.cloud.mapper;

import com.atguigu.cloud.entities.Storage;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Param;
import tk.mybatis.mapper.common.Mapper;

public interface StorageMapper extends Mapper<Storage> {
    /**
     * 扣减库存
     */
    void decrease(@Param("productId") Long productId, @Param("count") Integer count);
}

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.atguigu.cloud.mapper.StorageMapper">
  <resultMap id="BaseResultMap" type="com.atguigu.cloud.entities.Storage">
    <!--
      WARNING - @mbg.generated
    -->
    <id column="id" jdbcType="BIGINT" property="id" />
    <result column="product_id" jdbcType="BIGINT" property="productId" />
    <result column="total" jdbcType="INTEGER" property="total" />
    <result column="used" jdbcType="INTEGER" property="used" />
    <result column="residue" jdbcType="INTEGER" property="residue" />
  </resultMap>
  <update id="decrease">
    UPDATE
      t_storage
    SET
      used = used + #{count},
      residue = residue - #{count}
    WHERE product_id = #{productId}
  </update>
</mapper>

StorageService接口实现

package com.atguigu.cloud.service.impl.impl;

import com.atguigu.cloud.mapper.StorageMapper;
import com.atguigu.cloud.service.impl.StorageService;
import jakarta.annotation.Resource;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

/**
 * @ClassName StorageServiceImpl
 * @Author link
 * @Date: 2024/11/14 上午11:55
 * @Version v1.0
 * @Description:
 */
@Service
@Slf4j
public class StorageServiceImpl implements StorageService {
    @Resource
    private StorageMapper storageMapper;
    /**
     * 扣减库存
     */
    @Override
    public void decrease(Long productId, Integer count) {
        log.info("------->storage-service中扣减库存开始");
        storageMapper.decrease(productId, count);
        log.info("------->storage-service中扣减库存结束");
    }

}

StorageController接口实现

package com.atguigu.cloud.controller;

import com.atguigu.cloud.resp.ResultData;
import com.atguigu.cloud.service.impl.StorageService;
import jakarta.annotation.Resource;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

/**
 * @ClassName StorageController
 * @Author link
 * @Date: 2024/11/14 下午1:38
 * @Version v1.0
 * @Description:
 */
@RestController
public class StorageController {

    @Resource
    private StorageService storageService;

    /**
     * 扣减库存
     */
    @RequestMapping("/storage/decrease")
    public ResultData decrease(Long productId, Integer count) {

        storageService.decrease(productId, count);
        return ResultData.success("扣减库存成功!");
    }
}

6、新建账户Account微服务

1）建Module（seata-account-service2003）

2）改POM

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <parent>
        <groupId>com.atguigu.cloud</groupId>
        <artifactId>cloud2024</artifactId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>

    <artifactId>seata-account-service2003</artifactId>

    <properties>
        <maven.compiler.source>17</maven.compiler.source>
        <maven.compiler.target>17</maven.compiler.target>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
    </properties>
    <dependencies>
        <!-- nacos -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--alibaba-seata-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-seata</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--openfeign-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-openfeign</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--loadbalancer-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-loadbalancer</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--cloud_commons_utils-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.atguigu.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>cloud-api-commons</artifactId>
            <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--web + actuator-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--SpringBoot集成druid连接池-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
            <artifactId>druid-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!-- Swagger3 调用方式 http://你的主机IP地址:5555/swagger-ui/index.html -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springdoc</groupId>
            <artifactId>springdoc-openapi-starter-webmvc-ui</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--mybatis和springboot整合-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--Mysql数据库驱动8 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--persistence-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.persistence</groupId>
            <artifactId>persistence-api</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--通用Mapper4-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>tk.mybatis</groupId>
            <artifactId>mapper</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--hutool-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>cn.hutool</groupId>
            <artifactId>hutool-all</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!-- fastjson2 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba.fastjson2</groupId>
            <artifactId>fastjson2</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--lombok-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <version>1.18.28</version>
            <scope>provided</scope>
        </dependency>
        <!--test-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>
</project>

3）写YML

server:
  port: 2003

spring:
  application:
    name: seata-account-service
  cloud:
    nacos:
      discovery:
        server-addr: localhost:8848         #Nacos服务注册中心地址
  # ==========applicationName + druid-mysql8 driver===================
  datasource:
    type: com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource
    driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
    url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/seata_account?characterEncoding=utf8&useSSL=false&serverTimezone=GMT%2B8&rewriteBatchedStatements=true&allowPublicKeyRetrieval=true
    username: root
    password: 123456
# ========================mybatis===================
mybatis:
  mapper-locations: classpath:mapper/*.xml
  type-aliases-package: com.atguigu.cloud.entities
  configuration:
    map-underscore-to-camel-case: true



# ========================seata===================
seata:
  registry:
    type: nacos
    nacos:
      server-addr: 127.0.0.1:8848
      namespace: ""
      group: SEATA_GROUP
      application: seata-server
  tx-service-group: default_tx_group # 事务组，由它获得TC服务的集群名称
  service:
    vgroup-mapping:
      default_tx_group: default # 事务组与TC服务集群的映射关系
  data-source-proxy-mode: AT

logging:
  level:
    io:
      seata: info




 

4）主启动

package com.atguigu.cloud;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;
import org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.EnableFeignClients;
import tk.mybatis.spring.annotation.MapperScan;

@EnableDiscoveryClient
@EnableFeignClients
@MapperScan("com.atguigu.cloud.mapper") //import tk.mybatis.spring.annotation.MapperScan;
@SpringBootApplication
public class SeataAccountMainApp2003
{
    public static void main(String[] args)
    {
        SpringApplication.run(SeataAccountMainApp2003.class,args);
    }
}

5）业务类

新建entities，mapper文件夹存放mybatis一键生成的代码

AccountMapper接口实现

package com.atguigu.cloud.mapper;

import com.atguigu.cloud.entities.Account;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Param;
import tk.mybatis.mapper.common.Mapper;

public interface AccountMapper extends Mapper<Account> {
    /**
     * @param userId
     * @param money 本次消费金额
     */
    void decrease(@Param("userId") Long userId, @Param("money") Long money);
}

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.atguigu.cloud.mapper.AccountMapper">
  <resultMap id="BaseResultMap" type="com.atguigu.cloud.entities.Account">
    <!--
      WARNING - @mbg.generated
    -->
    <id column="id" jdbcType="BIGINT" property="id" />
    <result column="user_id" jdbcType="BIGINT" property="userId" />
    <result column="total" jdbcType="DECIMAL" property="total" />
    <result column="used" jdbcType="DECIMAL" property="used" />
    <result column="residue" jdbcType="DECIMAL" property="residue" />
  </resultMap>
  <!--
     money   本次消费金额

     t_account数据库表
     total总额度 = 累计已消费金额(used) + 剩余可用额度(residue)
 -->
  <update id="decrease">
    UPDATE
      t_account
    SET
      residue = residue - #{money},used = used + #{money}
    WHERE user_id = #{userId};
  </update>
</mapper>

AccountService接口实现

package com.atguigu.cloud.service.impl.impl;

import com.atguigu.cloud.mapper.AccountMapper;
import com.atguigu.cloud.service.impl.AccountService;
import jakarta.annotation.Resource;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;

/**
 * @ClassName AccountServiceImpl
 * @Author link
 * @Date: 2024/11/14 下午1:49
 * @Version v1.0
 * @Description:
 */
@Service
@Slf4j
public class AccountServiceImpl implements AccountService {
    @Resource
    AccountMapper accountMapper;

    /**
     * 扣减账户余额
     */
    @Override
    public void decrease(Long userId, Long money) {
        log.info("------->account-service中扣减账户余额开始");

        accountMapper.decrease(userId,money);

        //myTimeOut();
        //int age = 10/0;
        log.info("------->account-service中扣减账户余额结束");
    }

    /**
     * 模拟超时异常，全局事务回滚
     */
    private static void myTimeOut()
    {
        try { TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(65); } catch (InterruptedException e) { e.printStackTrace(); }
    }
}

AccountController接口实现

package com.atguigu.cloud.controller;

import com.atguigu.cloud.resp.ResultData;
import com.atguigu.cloud.service.impl.AccountService;
import jakarta.annotation.Resource;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

/**
 * @ClassName AccountController
 * @Author link
 * @Date: 2024/11/14 下午1:51
 * @Version v1.0
 * @Description:
 */
@RestController
public class AccountController {

    @Resource
    AccountService accountService;

    /**
     * 扣减账户余额
     */
    @RequestMapping("/account/decrease")
    public ResultData decrease(@RequestParam("userId") Long userId, @RequestParam("money") Long money){
        accountService.decrease(userId,money);
        return ResultData.success("扣减账户余额成功！");
    }
}

五、Seata案例测试

1、正常下单情况

启动Nacos、Seata、2001、2002、2003服务

访问http://localhost:2001/order/create?userId=1&productId=1&count=10&money=100

报错原因：springboot+springcloud版本太高导致和阿里巴巴Seata不兼容

减低父pom版本

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>com.atguigu.cloud</groupId>
    <artifactId>cloud2024</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <packaging>pom</packaging>
    <modules>
        <module>mybatis_generator2024</module>
        <module>cloud-provider-payment8001</module>
        <module>cloud-consumer-order80</module>
        <module>cloud-api-commons</module>
        <module>cloud-provider-payment8002</module>
        <module>cloud-consumer-feign-order80</module>
        <module>cloud-gateway9527</module>
        <module>cloudalibaba-provider-payment9001</module>
        <module>cloudalibaba-consumer-nacos-order83</module>
        <module>cloudalibaba-config-nacos-client3377</module>
        <module>cloudalibaba-sentinel-service8401</module>
        <module>cloudalibaba-sentinel-gateway9528</module>
        <module>seata-order-service2001</module>
        <module>seata-storage-service2002</module>
        <module>seata-account-service2003</module>
    </modules>

    <properties>
        <maven.compiler.source>17</maven.compiler.source>
        <maven.compiler.target>17</maven.compiler.target>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <hutool.version>5.8.22</hutool.version>
        <lombok.version>1.18.26</lombok.version>
        <druid.version>1.1.20</druid.version>
        <mybatis.springboot.version>3.0.3</mybatis.springboot.version>
        <mysql.version>8.0.11</mysql.version>
        <swagger3.version>2.2.0</swagger3.version>
        <mapper.version>4.2.3</mapper.version>
        <fastjson2.version>2.0.40</fastjson2.version>
        <persistence-api.version>1.0.2</persistence-api.version>
        <spring.boot.test.version>3.1.5</spring.boot.test.version>
<!--        <spring.boot.version>3.2.0</spring.boot.version>-->
<!--        <spring.cloud.version>2023.0.0</spring.cloud.version>-->
        <spring.cloud.alibaba.version>2022.0.0.0-RC2</spring.cloud.alibaba.version>
        <micrometer-tracing.version>1.2.0</micrometer-tracing.version>
        <micrometer-observation.version>1.12.0</micrometer-observation.version>
        <feign-micrometer.version>12.5</feign-micrometer.version>
        <zipkin-reporter-brave.version>2.17.0</zipkin-reporter-brave.version>

        <!--仅为了整合openfeign + alibaba sentinel和seata的案例，降低版本处理下-->
        <spring.boot.version>3.0.9</spring.boot.version>
        <spring.cloud.version>2022.0.2</spring.cloud.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencyManagement>
        <dependencies>
            <!--springboot 3.2.0-->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
                <version>${spring.boot.version}</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
            <!--springcloud 2023.0.0-->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>${spring.cloud.version}</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
            <!--springcloud alibaba 2022.0.0.0-RC2-->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-alibaba-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>${spring.cloud.alibaba.version}</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
            <!--SpringBoot集成mybatis-->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
                <version>${mybatis.springboot.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            <!--Mysql数据库驱动8 -->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>mysql</groupId>
                <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
                <version>${mysql.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            <!--SpringBoot集成druid连接池-->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
                <artifactId>druid-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
                <version>${druid.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            <!--通用Mapper4之tk.mybatis-->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>tk.mybatis</groupId>
                <artifactId>mapper</artifactId>
                <version>${mapper.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            <!--persistence-->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>javax.persistence</groupId>
                <artifactId>persistence-api</artifactId>
                <version>${persistence-api.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            <!-- fastjson2 -->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.alibaba.fastjson2</groupId>
                <artifactId>fastjson2</artifactId>
                <version>${fastjson2.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            <!-- swagger3 调用方式 http://你的主机IP地址:5555/swagger-ui/index.html -->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springdoc</groupId>
                <artifactId>springdoc-openapi-starter-webmvc-ui</artifactId>
                <version>${swagger3.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            <!--hutool-->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>cn.hutool</groupId>
                <artifactId>hutool-all</artifactId>
                <version>${hutool.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            <!--lombok-->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
                <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
                <version>${lombok.version}</version>
                <optional>true</optional>
            </dependency>
            <!-- spring-boot-starter-test -->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
                <version>${spring.boot.test.version}</version>
                <scope>test</scope>
            </dependency>


            <!--micrometer-tracing-bom导入链路追踪版本中心  1-->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>io.micrometer</groupId>
                <artifactId>micrometer-tracing-bom</artifactId>
                <version>${micrometer-tracing.version}</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
            <!--micrometer-tracing指标追踪  2-->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>io.micrometer</groupId>
                <artifactId>micrometer-tracing</artifactId>
                <version>${micrometer-tracing.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            <!--micrometer-tracing-bridge-brave适配zipkin的桥接包 3-->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>io.micrometer</groupId>
                <artifactId>micrometer-tracing-bridge-brave</artifactId>
                <version>${micrometer-tracing.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            <!--micrometer-observation 4-->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>io.micrometer</groupId>
                <artifactId>micrometer-observation</artifactId>
                <version>${micrometer-observation.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            <!--feign-micrometer 5-->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>io.github.openfeign</groupId>
                <artifactId>feign-micrometer</artifactId>
                <version>${feign-micrometer.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            <!--zipkin-reporter-brave 6-->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>io.zipkin.reporter2</groupId>
                <artifactId>zipkin-reporter-brave</artifactId>
                <version>${zipkin-reporter-brave.version}</version>
            </dependency>


        </dependencies>

    </dependencyManagement>




</project>

查看数据库也发现数据有对应的减少，测试正常通过~

2、超时异常出错没添加@GlobalTransactional

修改2003服务的AccountServiceImpl添加超时

package com.atguigu.cloud.service.impl.impl;

import com.atguigu.cloud.mapper.AccountMapper;
import com.atguigu.cloud.service.impl.AccountService;
import jakarta.annotation.Resource;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;

/**
 * @ClassName AccountServiceImpl
 * @Author link
 * @Date: 2024/11/14 下午1:49
 * @Version v1.0
 * @Description:
 */
@Service
@Slf4j
public class AccountServiceImpl implements AccountService {
    @Resource
    AccountMapper accountMapper;

    /**
     * 扣减账户余额
     */
    @Override
    public void decrease(Long userId, Long money) {
        log.info("------->account-service中扣减账户余额开始");

        accountMapper.decrease(userId,money);

        myTimeOut();
        //int age = 10/0;
        log.info("------->account-service中扣减账户余额结束");
    }

    /**
     * 模拟超时异常，全局事务回滚
     */
    private static void myTimeOut()
    {
        try { TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(65); } catch (InterruptedException e) { e.printStackTrace(); }
    }
}

测试http://localhost:2001/order/create?userId=1&productId=1&count=10&money=100

当库存和账户都扣减完，但是因为超时状态没回写，库存和账号，订单也没做回滚

3、超时异常出错添加@GlobalTransactional

在2001微服务模块OrderServiceImpl中添加@GlobalTransactional注解

package com.atguigu.cloud.service.impl;

import com.atguigu.cloud.apis.AccountFeignApi;
import com.atguigu.cloud.apis.StorageFeignApi;
import com.atguigu.cloud.entities.Order;
import com.atguigu.cloud.mapper.OrderMapper;
import com.atguigu.cloud.service.OrderService;
import io.seata.core.context.RootContext;
import io.seata.spring.annotation.GlobalTransactional;
import jakarta.annotation.Resource;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import tk.mybatis.mapper.entity.Example;

import javax.persistence.criteria.Root;

/**
 * @ClassName OrderServiceImpl
 * @Author link
 * @Date: 2024/11/14 上午11:08
 * @Version v1.0
 * @Description:下订单->减库存->扣余额->改(订单)状态
 */
@Service
@Slf4j
public class OrderServiceImpl implements OrderService {
    @Resource
    private OrderMapper orderMapper;
    @Resource//订单微服务通过OpenFeign去调用库存微服务
    private StorageFeignApi storageFeignApi;
    @Resource//订单微服务通过OpenFeign去调用账户微服务
    private AccountFeignApi accountFeignApi;
    @Override
    @GlobalTransactional(name = "lk-create-order",rollbackFor = Exception.class)
    public void create(Order order) {
        String xid = RootContext.getXID();
        //1. 新建订单
        log.info("==================>开始新建订单"+"\t"+"xid_order:" +xid);
        order.setStatus(0);
        int insert = orderMapper.insert(order);
        Order orderFromDB = null;
        if (insert>0){
            orderFromDB = orderMapper.selectOne(order);
            log.info("-------> 新建订单成功，orderFromDB info: "+orderFromDB);
            System.out.println();
            //2. 扣减库存
            log.info("-------> 订单微服务开始调用Storage库存，做扣减count");
            storageFeignApi.decrease(order.getProductId(), order.getCount());
            log.info("-------> 订单微服务结束调用Storage库存，做扣减完成");
            System.out.println();
            //3. 扣减账号余额
            log.info("-------> 订单微服务开始调用Account账号，做扣减money");
            accountFeignApi.decrease(order.getProductId(), order.getMoney());
            log.info("-------> 订单微服务结束调用Account账号，做扣减完成");
            System.out.println();
            //4. 修改订单状态
            //订单状态status：0：创建中；1：已完结
            log.info("-------> 修改订单状态");
            System.out.println();
            orderFromDB.setStatus(1);
            Example whereCondition=new Example(Order.class);
            Example.Criteria criteria=whereCondition.createCriteria();
            criteria.andEqualTo("userId",orderFromDB.getUserId());
            criteria.andEqualTo("status",0);

            int updateResult = orderMapper.updateByExampleSelective(orderFromDB, whereCondition);

            log.info("-------> 修改订单状态完成"+"\t"+updateResult);
            log.info("-------> orderFromDB info: "+orderFromDB);
        }
        System.out.println();
        log.info("==================>结束新建订单"+"\t"+"xid_order:" +xid);

    }
}

保留上一步的超时，再次测试：http://localhost:2001/order/create?userId=1&productId=1&count=10&money=100

测试成功，数据确实被回滚了

六、Seata总结

AT模式如何做到对业务的无侵入：

1、一阶段加载

在一阶段，Seata 会拦截“业务 SQL”，

1 解析 SQL 语义，找到“业务 SQL”要更新的业务数据，在业务数据被更新前，将其保存成“before image”，

2 执行“业务 SQL”更新业务数据，在业务数据更新之后，

3 其保存成“after image”，最后生成行锁。

以上操作全部在一个数据库事务内完成，这样保证了一阶段操作的原子性。

2、二阶段分两种情况

正常提交：

因为“业务 SQL”在一阶段已经提交至数据库，所以Seata框架只需将一阶段保存的快照数据和行锁删掉，完成数据清理即可。

异常回滚：

二阶段如果是回滚的话，Seata 就需要回滚一阶段已经执行的“业务 SQL”，还原业务数据。

回滚方式便是用“before image”还原业务数据；但在还原前要首先要校验脏写，对比“数据库当前业务数据”和 “after image”，

如果两份数据完全一致就说明没有脏写，可以还原业务数据，如果不一致就说明有脏写，出现脏写就需要转人工处理。