nginx 对请求速率进行限流

最新推荐文章于 2025-06-30 14:53:11 发布

lixiaxin200319

最新推荐文章于 2025-06-30 14:53:11 发布

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本文链接：https://blog.youkuaiyun.com/lixiaxin200319/article/details/87865657

本文详细介绍了Nginx的限流配置方法，包括如何设置每秒处理的请求数量和令牌桶缓存大小，以及如何通过配置无等待和等待方式来处理突发流量。并通过ab工具进行测试，展示了不同配置下限流的效果。

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环境描述：

操作系统：windows 10 64 位家庭版

nginx: 1.14.2

ab: This is ApacheBench, Version 2.3 <$Revision: 655654 $>

nginx 安装路径：E:\soft3\HTTP\nginx-1.14.2

     location /limit {
            limit_req zone=perip burst=3;
            root   E:/soft3/HTTP/nginx-1.14.2/html/;
            index index.html index.htm;
        }

页面路径：

一、niginx 配置限流

#user nobody;
worker_processes 1;

#error_log logs/error.log;
#error_log logs/error.log notice;
#error_log logs/error.log info;

#pid logs/nginx.pid;

events {
worker_connections 1024;
}

http {
include mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;

    #log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
    #                  '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
    #                  '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';

#access_log logs/access.log main;

sendfile on;
#tcp_nopush on;

#keepalive_timeout 0;
keepalive_timeout 65;

#gzip on;

    #limit_conn_zone $binary_remote_addr zone=perip:10m;
    #limit_conn_zone $server_name zone=perip:10m;
    #limit_conn_log_level error;
    #limit_conn_status 503;

    limit_req_zone $binary_remote_addr zone=perip:10m rate=2r/s;
    limit_conn_log_level error;
    limit_conn_status 503;

    upstream user {
       server 127.0.0.1:8080;
    }

    server {
        listen       80;
        server_name localhost;

#charset koi8-r;

        #access_log logs/host.access.log main;

        location /limit {
            limit_req zone=perip burst=3;
            root   E:/soft3/HTTP/nginx-1.14.2/html/;
            index index.html index.htm;
        }

        location / {
            root   html;
            index index.html index.htm;
        }

         location /user/getToken {
           proxy_pass http://user;
        }

        location /user {
           proxy_pass http://user;
        }

#error_page 404 /404.html;

        # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
        #
        error_page   500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
        location = /50x.html {
            root   html;
        }

        # proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80
        #
        #location ~ \.php$ {
        #    proxy_pass   http://127.0.0.1;
        #}

        # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
        #
        #location ~ \.php$ {
        #    root           html;
        #    fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
        #    fastcgi_index index.php;
        #    fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
        #    include        fastcgi_params;
        #}

        # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root
        # concurs with nginx's one
        #
        #location ~ /\.ht {
        #    deny all;
        #}
    }

    # another virtual host using mix of IP-, name-, and port-based configuration
    #
    #server {
    #    listen       8000;
    #    listen       somename:8080;
    #    server_name somename alias another.alias;

    #    location / {
    #        root   html;
    #        index index.html index.htm;
    #    }
    #}

    # HTTPS server
    #
    #server {
    #    listen       443 ssl;
    #    server_name localhost;

# ssl_certificate cert.pem;
# ssl_certificate_key cert.key;

# ssl_session_cache shared:SSL:1m;
# ssl_session_timeout 5m;

# ssl_ciphers HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;
# ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on;

    #    location / {
    #        root   html;
    #        index index.html index.htm;
    #    }
    #}

}

二、ab 测试

E:\soft3\HTTP>ab -n 5 -c 5 http://127.0.0.1/limit/1.html

由于限流区域没有配置为延迟模式（没有配置nodelay ），ab 模拟的并发数超过限制的并发数 ab 会被阻塞，等待获得令牌。

   location /limit {
            limit_req zone=perip burst=3;
            root   E:/soft3/HTTP/nginx-1.14.2/html/;
            index index.html index.htm;
        }

查看 NGINX 访问日志：

三、配置为无订单模式

location /limit {
            limit_req zone=perip burst=3 nodelay;
            root   E:/soft3/HTTP/nginx-1.14.2/html/;
            index index.html index.htm;
        }

其他地方的配置和前面一样，只在标红部分加了 nodelay 。

ab 测试 ab -n 5 -c 5 http://127.0.0.1/limit/1.html