ubuntu学习1：ubuntu18.04系统安装及优化_ubuntu18.04操作系统优化加固-优快云博客

本文链接：https://blog.youkuaiyun.com/liuzw92/article/details/105972050

本文详细介绍了如何安装Ubuntu 18.04系统，从选择键盘布局到选择安装类型，直至清除磁盘并安装。安装完成后，文章进一步讨论了系统优化步骤，包括安装Vim编辑器，配置固定IP地址，以及将默认软件源更换为阿里源，以提升系统性能和软件下载速度。

摘要生成于 C知道，由 DeepSeek-R1 满血版支持，前往体验 >

一.系统安装

English

选择英语
Install ubuntu
在这里插入图片描述
continue

keyboard layout ：select English
continue

Updates and other sofeware
Normal installation
Download updates while installing ubuntu
continue

Installation type
Erase disk and install ubuntu
Install now

continue

shanghai

name login

wait…wait…
在这里插入图片描述
Installation complete
restart

系统优化

1.安装SSH 服务设置开机启动

apt-get install openssh-server
sudo systemctl start ssh
sudo systemctl enable ssh

2.安装vim

sudo apt-get install vim

3.设置固定地址
查看自己的网卡地址

bluesv@bluesv-virtual-machine:/$ ip add
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
    inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 ::1/128 scope host
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: ens160: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc fq_codel state UP group default qlen 1000
    link/ether 00:0c:29:6f:40:b9 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 192.168.1.190/24 brd 192.168.1.255 scope global dynamic noprefixroute ens160
       valid_lft 84431sec preferred_lft 84431sec
    inet6 fe80::6e9c:6fc1:82d0:4cfd/64 scope link noprefixroute
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
bluesv@bluesv-virtual-machine:/$

修改网卡地址为固定地址

sudo vim /etc/netplan/01-network-manager-all.yaml

network:
　version: 2
    renderer: NetworkManager
    ethernets:
　　ens160:
　　dhcp4: no
　　addresses: [192.168.1.67/24]
　　gateway4: 192.168.1.1
　　nameservers:
　　　　addresses: [8.8.8.8, 114.114.114.114]

4.更新默认源为阿里源

sudo cp /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list.bak
sudo su
>/etc/apt/sources.list
vim /etc/apt/sources.list

deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse

#更新
apt-get update
apt-get upgrade