Harmony OS5 ArkTs 封装录音工具

Harmony OS5/ArkTs 封装录音工具

1，录音之前，先获取权限

avRecorder?: media.AVRecorder
fd?: number
filePath?: string
permissions: Permissions[] = ['ohos.permission.MICROPHONE']

const atManager = abilityAccessCtrl.createAtManager()
const ctx = AppStorage.get<Context>('context')
//获取用户权限 authResults数组=>[0,-1]权限1 同意了，权限2 用户没同意
const result = await atManager.requestPermissionsFromUser(ctx, permissions)
const isOK = result.authResults.every(result => result === abilityAccessCtrl.GrantStatus.PERMISSION_GRANTED)
if(!isOK){
	return 
}
// 弹窗提示
      //二次授权
const confirm = await promptAction.showDialog({
    title: "温馨提示",
    message: "未授权使用麦克风将无法使用该录音功能，是否前往设置进行授权？",
    buttons: [
      { text: '离开', color: $r('app.color.common_gray_01') },
      { text: '去授权', color: $r('app.color.black') }
    ]
  })
  //用户选择了去设置
if (confirm.index === 1) {
    const isOk2 = await this.atManager.requestPermissionOnSetting(this.ctx, permissions)
    if (isOk2) {
        return
       }
    }
router.back()

module.json5

 "requestPermissions": [
      { "name": "ohos.permission.INTERNET" },
      {
        "name": "ohos.permission.MICROPHONE",
        "usedScene": {},
        "reason": "$string:reason_microphone"
      }
    ],

reason_microphone原因格式：用于xxx模块xxx功能
用于审核使用

2，AvRecorder录音生命周期

3开始录音, 保存的文件不能存在缓存中，否则一清缓存，录音文件就没有了

//1,先准备一个文件接收录音
const ctx = getContext(this)
this.filePath = ctx.filesDir + '/' + Date.now() + '.m4a'
const file = fileIo.openSync(this.filePath, fileIo.OpenMode.CREATE | fileIo.OpenMode.READ_WRITE)
this.fd = file.fd
//开始录制了
//2,音频配置项设置
const config: media.AVRecorderConfig = {
      audioSourceType: media.AudioSourceType.AUDIO_SOURCE_TYPE_MIC,
      profile: {
        audioBitrate: 100000, // 音频比特率
        audioChannels: 1, // 音频声道数
        audioCodec: media.CodecMimeType.AUDIO_AAC, // 音频编码格式，当前只支持aac
        audioSampleRate: 48000, // 音频采样率
        fileFormat: media.ContainerFormatType.CFT_MPEG_4A, // 封装格式，当前只支持m4a
      },
      url: `fd://${file.fd}`
}
// 3. 获取音频对象
const avRecorder = await media.createAVRecorder()
 //prepare中指定了，存放的录音的位置和录音的质量等等配置
 await avRecorder.prepare(config) 
 //开始录制
 await avRecorder.start() 
 //暂存到全局，方便其他函数内调用
 this.avRecorder = avRecorder 

停止录音后记得释放！

if (this.avRecorder) {
      try {
        await this.avRecorder.stop()
        await this.avRecorder.release()
        fileIo.closeSync(this.fd)
        // stopRecord 清理定时器
        clearInterval(this.timer)
      } catch (e) {
        logger.debug('stopAudio', JSON.stringify(e))
      }
    }

4，封装的工具类如下

import { abilityAccessCtrl, Permissions } from '@kit.AbilityKit';

export class PermissionUtil {
  //获取管理实例
  atManager = abilityAccessCtrl.createAtManager()
  ctx = AppStorage.get<Context>('context')

  // 请求用户授权
  async requestPermissions(permissions: Permissions[]) {
    if (this.ctx) {
      //获取用户权限 authResults数组=>[0,-1]权限1 同意了，权限2 用户没同意
      const result = await this.atManager.requestPermissionsFromUser(this.ctx, permissions)
      console.log('PermissionsResult', JSON.stringify(result))
      //得到用户权限  只有有结果 等于0就是允许，-1是拒绝
      return result.authResults.every(result => result === abilityAccessCtrl.GrantStatus.PERMISSION_GRANTED)
    }
    return false
  }

  // 打开权限设置 beta3
  async openPermissionSetting(permissions: Permissions[]) {
    if (this.ctx) {
      //打开设置
      const authResults = await this.atManager.requestPermissionOnSetting(this.ctx, permissions)
      return authResults.every(result => result === abilityAccessCtrl.GrantStatus.PERMISSION_GRANTED)
    }
    return false
  }
}

export const permissionUtil = new PermissionUtil()

示例

@Entry
@Component
struct AudioPage {
@State recording: boolean = false
 permissions: Permissions[] = ['ohos.permission.MICROPHONE']
  //授权提示
  confirmConfig: promptAction.ShowDialogOptions = {
    title: "温馨提示",
    message: "未授权使用麦克风将无法使用该面试录音功能，是否前往设置进行授权？",
    buttons: [
      { text: '离开', color: $r('app.color.common_gray_01') },
      { text: '去授权', color: $r('app.color.black') }
    ]
  }
  avRecorder?: media.AVRecorder
  fd?: number
  filePath?: string


 aboutToAppear(): void {
    this.getPermission()
  }

  //授权
  async getPermission() {
    try {
      // 第一请求授权
      const isOk = await permissionUtil.requestPermissions(this.permissions)
      if (isOk) {
        return
      }
      // 弹窗提示
      //二次授权
      const confirm = await promptAction.showDialog(this.confirmConfig)
      if (confirm.index === 1) {
        const isOk2 = await permissionUtil.openPermissionSetting(this.permissions)
        if (isOk2) {
          return
        }
      }
      router.back()
    } catch (e) {
      promptAction.showToast({ message: '未授权' })
      router.back()
    }
  }

  //开始录音
  async startAudio() {
    //先准备一个文件接收录音
    const ctx = getContext(this)
    this.filePath = ctx.filesDir + '/' + Date.now() + '.m4a'
    const file = fileIo.openSync(this.filePath, fileIo.OpenMode.CREATE | fileIo.OpenMode.READ_WRITE)
    this.fd = file.fd
    //开始录制了
    //准备路由配置音频对象
    const config: media.AVRecorderConfig = {
      audioSourceType: media.AudioSourceType.AUDIO_SOURCE_TYPE_MIC,
      profile: {
        audioBitrate: 100000, // 音频比特率
        audioChannels: 1, // 音频声道数
        audioCodec: media.CodecMimeType.AUDIO_AAC, // 音频编码格式，当前只支持aac
        audioSampleRate: 48000, // 音频采样率
        fileFormat: media.ContainerFormatType.CFT_MPEG_4A, // 封装格式，当前只支持m4a
      },
      url: `fd://${file.fd}`
    }
    // 3. 开始录制
    this.avRecorder = await media.createAVRecorder()
    await this.avRecorder.prepare(config) //prepare中指定了，存放的录音的位置和录音的质量等等配置
    await this.avRecorder.start() //开始录制
    //实时获取音频震动幅度效果
    // startRecord 4. 每100ms获取一下声音振幅
    this.timer = setInterval(async () => {
      this.maxAmplitude = await this.avRecorder!.getAudioCapturerMaxAmplitude()
      logger.debug('startAudio', this.maxAmplitude.toString())
    }, 100)
  }
  build() {
    Column() {
      Row() {
        Image($r('sys.media.ohos_ic_public_voice'))
          .width(24)
          .aspectRatio(1)
          .fillColor($r('app.color.white'))
          .onClick(async () => {
            if (this.recording) {
              await this.stopAudio()
              this.recording = false
            } else {
              await this.startAudio()
              this.recording = true
            }
          })
      }
      .justifyContent(FlexAlign.Center)
      .height(50)
      .width(50)
      .borderRadius(25)
      .margin({ top: 20 })
      .backgroundColor($r('app.color.black'))

    }
    .width('100%')
    .height(240)
    .backgroundColor($r('app.color.common_gray_bg'))
    .padding({
      bottom: this.bottomHeight,
      left: 80,
      right: 80,
      top: this.topHeight
    })
  }
}

录音文件在沙箱中查看

播放录音请看我下一个博客