MySQL5.7在CentOS7下安装，配置，调优

原创已于 2022-03-10 16:06:45 修改 · 2k 阅读

1 ·

CC 4.0 BY-SA版权

文章标签：

#MySQL5.7

于 2018-10-17 12:36:38 首次发布

数据库相关专栏收录该内容

20 篇文章

订阅专栏

本文详细介绍在CentOS系统中卸载MariaDB，安装MySQL 5.7.16，进行数据库初始化，修改默认端口，以及如何解决安装过程中遇到的依赖问题。

1、卸载系统自带的 mariadb-lib
[root@centos-linux ~]# rpm -qa | grep mariadb
mariadb-libs-5.5.44-2.el7.centos.x86_64
[root@centos-linux ~]# rpm -e mariadb-libs-5.5.44-2.el7.centos.x86_64 --nodeps

2、下载mysql5.7.16 rpm安装包，官网最新的mysql安装包是mysql-5.7.16-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar下载地址

[root@centos-linux ~]# wget http://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-5.7.16-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar

然后解压
　[root@linux_node_1 src]# tar -xvf mysql-5.7.16-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar
mysql-community-libs-compat-5.7.16-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-devel-5.7.16-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-minimal-debuginfo-5.7.16-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-libs-5.7.16-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-common-5.7.16-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-embedded-compat-5.7.16-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-test-5.7.16-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-embedded-devel-5.7.16-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-server-minimal-5.7.16-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-server-5.7.16-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-client-5.7.16-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-embedded-5.7.16-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

3、安装
依次执行（几个包有依赖关系，所以执行有先后）下面命令安装
[root@centos-linux ~]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-common-5.7.16-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
[root@centos-linux ~]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-5.7.16-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
[root@centos-linux ~]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-client-5.7.16-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
[root@centos-linux ~]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-5.7.16-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

如果在安装rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-5.7.16-1.el7.x86_64.rpm的时候报错如下：
[root@linux_node_1 src]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-5.7.16-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
warning: mysql-community-server-5.7.16-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
error: Failed dependencies:
libaio.so.1()(64bit) is needed by mysql-community-server-5.7.16-1.el7.x86_64
libaio.so.1(LIBAIO_0.1)(64bit) is needed by mysql-community-server-5.7.16-1.el7.x86_64
libaio.so.1(LIBAIO_0.4)(64bit) is needed by mysql-community-server-5.7.16-1.el7.x86_64
net-tools is needed by mysql-community-server-5.7.16-1.el7.x86_64

这个报错的意思是需要安装libaio包和net-tools包：可以yum安装一下，安装 libaio-0.3.107-10.el6.x86_64.rpm，

4、数据库初始化
mysqld --initialize --user=mysql

修改mysql默认端口号3306
vim /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
port=3307
max_allowed_packet = 40M
back_log = 510
key_buffer_size = 256M
sort_buffer_size = 6M
read_buffer_size = 4M
join_buffer_size = 8M
max_connections = 768
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 1500M
query_cache_size = 512M
query_cache_type = 1

(上面的参数设置末默认值大，可以提高mysql性能。参数查看说明：
缓存命中状态看show status like '%Qcache%'中的：
Qcache_hits:表示有多少次命中缓存。我们主要可以通过该值来验证我们的查询缓存的效果。数字越大，缓存效果越理想。
查看普通参数用show variables like ，例如：show variables like 'back_log';)

安装rpm包后查看mysql的root的密码

[root@linux_node_1 src]# cat /var/log/mysqld.log
2016-12-07T04:41:58.028558Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).
2016-12-07T04:41:58.315188Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=45790
2016-12-07T04:41:58.355114Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system tables.
2016-12-07T04:41:58.418448Z 0 [Warning] No existing UUID has been found, so we assume that this is the first time that this server has been started. Generating a new UUID: 7cc98831-bc37-11e6-a263-000c29f902dc.
2016-12-07T04:41:58.419935Z 0 [Warning] Gtid table is not ready to be used. Table 'mysql.gtid_executed' cannot be opened.
2016-12-07T04:41:58.420558Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: )1r3gi,hjgQa

现在启动mysql数据库systemctl restart mysqld.service

然后 mysql -uroot -p
这里的密码为上面文件中的密码:)1r3gi,hjgQa

登陆后要修改密码

ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'csdn@2018';

允许root用户远程登录mysql数据库

GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'csdn@2018' WITH GRANT OPTION;

FLUSH PRIVILEGES;