Android开发-使用am命令启动Activity，Service等组件，以及发送广播等操作

am命令简介：

am是一个可执行程序，全称是activity manager（还记得ActivityManager类么？）。am命令可以启动一个activity或service，发送一个BroadCast，也可以进行诸如杀进程等强大的功能。

am在Android系统中的源码位置：

frameworks\base\cmds\am\src\com\android\commands\am

am help:

在adb shell命令行，输入am或者am help，可以列出am的使用帮助信息，部分信息如下：

255|generic_x86:/ # am

Activity manager (activity) commands:

  help

      Print this help text.

  start-activity [-D] [-N] [-W] [-P <FILE>] [--start-profiler <FILE>]

          [--sampling INTERVAL] [--streaming] [-R COUNT] [-S]

          [--track-allocation] [--user <USER_ID> | current] <INTENT>

      Start an Activity.  Options are:

      -D: enable debugging

      -N: enable native debugging

      -W: wait for launch to complete

      --start-profiler <FILE>: start profiler and send results to <FILE>

      --sampling INTERVAL: use sample profiling with INTERVAL microseconds

          between samples (use with --start-profiler)

      --streaming: stream the profiling output to the specified file

          (use with --start-profiler)

      -P <FILE>: like above, but profiling stops when app goes idle

      --attach-agent <agent>: attach the given agent before binding

      -R: repeat the activity launch <COUNT> times.  Prior to each repeat,

          the top activity will be finished.

      -S: force stop the target app before starting the activity

      --track-allocation: enable tracking of object allocations

      --user <USER_ID> | current: Specify which user to run as; if not

          specified then run as the current user.

      --stack <STACK_ID>: Specify into which stack should the activity be put.

  start-service [--user <USER_ID> | current] <INTENT>

      Start a Service.  Options are:

      --user <USER_ID> | current: Specify which user to run as; if not

          specified then run as the current user.

  start-foreground-service [--user <USER_ID> | current] <INTENT>

am命令常用参数说明：

命令	功能	实现方法
am start [options]	启动Activity	startActivityAsUser
am startservice	启动Service	startService
am stopservice	停止Service	stopService
am broadcast	发送广播	broadcastIntent
am restart	重启	restart
am dumpheap <pid> <file>	进程pid的堆信息输出到file	dumpheap
am send-trim-memory <pid> <level>	收紧进程的内存	setProcessMemoryTrimLevel
am kill <PACKAGE>	杀指定后台进程	killBackgroundProcesses
am kill-all	杀所有后台进程	killAllBackgroundProcesses
am force-stop <PACKAGE>	强杀进程	forceStopPackage
am hang	系统卡住	hang
am monitor	监控	MyActivityController.run

am命令举例：

（1）启动一个activity：

am start -n PackageName/PackageName.ActivityName

1. Camera（照相机）的启动方法为：

# am start -n com.android.camera/com.android.camera.Camera

2. Browser（浏览器）的启动方法为：

# am start -n com.android.browser/com.android.browser.BrowserActivity

3. 启动浏览器(打开网址) :

am start -a android.intent.action.VIEW -d  http://www.163.com

（2）启动service：

adb shell am startservice -n PackageName/services name

adb shell am startservice -n com.test.myapp/.MyService

(3)发送一个广播:

am broadcast

用am发送开机广播的命令：

am broadcast -a android.intent.action.BOOT_COMPLETED

am broadcast的参数： 

 
[-a <ACTION>]
 [-d <DATA_URI>]
 [-t <MIME_TYPE>]
 [-c <CATEGORY> [-c <CATEGORY>] ...]
 [-e|--es <EXTRA_KEY> <EXTRA_STRING_VALUE> ...]
 [--ez <EXTRA_KEY> <EXTRA_BOOLEAN_VALUE> ...]
 [-e|--ei <EXTRA_KEY> <EXTRA_INT_VALUE> ...]
 [-n <COMPONENT>]
 [-f <FLAGS>] [<URI>]

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