Manual database creating via "create database" statement

Step 1: Specify an Instance Identifier (SID)

Predetermine a unique Oracle system identifier (SID) for your instance, open a command window, and set the ORACLE_SID environment variable. Use this command windows for the subsequent steps,untill complete all the under steps.
ORACLE_SID is used to distinguish this instance from other Oracle Database instances that you may create later and run concurrently on the same host computer. The maximum number of characters for ORACLE_SID is 12, and only letters and numeric digits are permitted. On some platforms, the SID is case-sensitive.
The following example for UNIX and Linux operating systems sets the SID for the instance that you will connect to in Step 6: Connect to the Instance:

Bourne, Bash, or Korn shell:

export ORACLE_SID=orcl

Step 2:Cteate the initialization parameter file(spile)

When an Oracle instance starts, it reads an initialization parameter file named spfile<sid>.ora in $/ORACLE_HOME/dbs acquiescently if you do not assign the initialization parameter file(pfile or spfile) explicitly. Now let begin creating the initialization parameter file. Firstly, create the pfile(initorcl.ora) from an existent sample(init.ora).

Mine seem like under one

$ORACLE_HOME/dbs/initorcl.ora

orcl.__db_cache_size=192937985
orcl.__java_pool_size=4194304
orcl.__large_pool_size=4194304
orcl.__shared_pool_size=75497472
orcl.__streams_pool_size=0
*.audit_file_dest='/home/oracle/admin/orcl/adump'
*.background_dump_dest='/home/oracle/admin/orcl/bdump'
*.control_files='/home/oracle/oradata/orcl/control01.ctl','/home/oracle/orad    ata/orcl/control02.ctl','/home/oracle/oradata/orcl/control03.ctl'
*.core_dump_dest='/home/oracle/admin/orcl/cdump'
*.db_block_size=8192
*.db_domain=''
*.db_file_multiblock_read_count=16
*.db_name='orcl'
*.db_recovery_file_dest='/home/oracle/flash_recovery_area'
*.db_recovery_file_dest_size=2147483648
*.dispatchers='(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=orclXDB)'
*.job_queue_processes=10
*.open_cursors=300
*.pga_aggregate_target=94371840
*.processes=150

Step 3: Connect to an idle instance and start up instance(orcl) nomount, then create the spfile from the pfile

[oracle@localhost pfile]$ cd 
[oracle@localhost ~]$ sqlplus /nolog

SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Mon Aug 8 16:08:02 2011

Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

SQL> conn / as sysdba
Connected to an idle instance.
SQL> startup nomount
SQL> create spfile from pfile;
SQL>

Step 4: Create some necessary directories

[oracle@localhost ~]$ mkdir -R /home/oracle/admin/orcl/
[oracle@localhost ~]$ cd /home/oracle/admin/orcl

[oracle@localhost ~]$ mkdir adump bdump cdump dpdump pfile udump

[oracle@localhost ~]$ mkdir -R /home/oracle/oradata/orcl

[oracle@localhost ~]$ 

Step 5: Connect to the nomount instance as sysdba and execute the follow statement

 

set echo on
spool /home/oracle/admin/orcl/create/create_db.log
CREATE DATABASE orcl
CONTROLFILE REUSE
MAXINSTANCES 1
MAXLOGHISTORY 1
MAXLOGFILES 5
MAXLOGMEMBERS 5
MAXDATAFILES 100
DATAFILE '/home/oracle/oradata/orcl/system01.dbf' SIZE 325M REUSE AUTOEXTEND     ON NEXT 10240K MAXSIZE UNLIMITED
SYSAUX DATAFILE '/home/oracle/oradata/orcl/sysaux01.dbf' SIZE 250M REUSE
UNDO TABLESPACE "UNDOTBS1" DATAFILE '/home/oracle/oradata/orcl/undotbs01.dbf    ' SIZE 200M REUSE AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 5120K MAXSIZE UNLIMITED
DEFAULT TABLESPACE "users" DATAFILE '/home/oracle/oradata/orcl/users01.dbf'     SIZE 500M REUSE AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 5120K MAXSIZE UNLIMITED
DEFAULT TEMPORARY TABLESPACE "TEMP1" TEMPFILE '/home/oracle/oradata/orcl/tem    p01.dbf' SIZE 20M REUSE
CHARACTER SET ZHS16GBK
NATIONAL CHARACTER SET AL16UTF16
LOGFILE GROUP 1 ('/home/oracle/oradata/orcl/redo01.log') SIZE 100M REUSE,
GROUP 2 ('/home/oracle/oradata/orcl/redo02.log') SIZE 100M REUSE,
GROUP 3 ('/home/oracle/oradata/orcl/redo03.log') SIZE 100M REUSE;
spool off

If nothing go wrong, it will prompt :Database created.

Otherwise scan the /home/oracle/admin/orcl/bdump/alert_orcl.log looking for the error.

Step 6: Run scripts to build data dictionary views

@?/rdbms/admin/catalog.sql
@?/rdbms/admin/catproc.sql
@?/sqlplus/admin/pupbld.sql

For now, an instance is already built. It is so easy?