Why wxWidgets?

本文介绍了一种使用wxWidgets进行跨平台应用程序开发的方法。通过隐藏各平台的具体实现细节,wxWidgets使得开发者能够在不同操作系统上(如Windows、Linux、MacOS等)编写一致的代码,并保持各自的操作体验特性。

 Did you evet want to write a program in C++ that can run in multi-platforms such as Windows, Liux, MaxOS? How is this possible when every platform has it's own framework, look and feel, or SDK? Of sourse, you don't want to rewrite your application for each platform. This would create a maintenance nightmare.

wxWidgets is the solution. wxWidgets hides all the platform specific code for you. There are many platform independent frameworks available. So why should you choose for wxWidgets?

  • It is very complete. There are many utility classes.
  • It is  still heavily developed.
  • Many compilers and platforms are supported: Windows, Linux, Mac and Unix.
  • There's a lot of documentation.
  • It's free for personal and commercial use.
  • Wheneven possible, wxWidgets uses the platform SDK. This means that a program compiled on windows will have the look and feel of a windows program, and when compiled on a Linux machine, it will get the look and feel of a Linux program
在配置 CMake 以正确链接 wxWidgets 库时,需要根据操作系统、构建环境以及 wxWidgets 的安装方式来选择合适的配置方法。以下是一些关键步骤和注意事项: 如果使用的是 **MSVC**(Microsoft Visual C++),可以参考以下配置方式: ```cmake find_package(wxWidgets REQUIRED COMPONENTS core base qa xml) include(${wxWidgets_USE_FILE}) ``` 如果使用的是 **非 MSVC 编译器**(如 GCC 或 Clang),则应包含更多组件,例如 `net` 模块,以便支持网络功能: ```cmake find_package(wxWidgets REQUIRED COMPONENTS core base net qa xml) include(${wxWidgets_USE_FILE}) ``` 对于 **Linux 平台上的 CLion** 开发环境,配置相对简单,只需添加以下几行即可: ```cmake find_package(wxWidgets REQUIRED net core base) include(${wxWidgets_USE_FILE}) target_link_libraries(hello ${wxWidgets_LIBRARIES}) ``` 在某些情况下,wxWidgets 可能依赖于外部图像库(如 PNG、JPEG、TIFF 和 Zlib)。如果 CMake 无法自动识别这些库,可以手动指定其路径或将它们放置在编译器默认搜索路径中。例如,在配置 wxWidgets 时使用 `--with-***=sys` 选项来启用系统级图像库支持: ```bash ./configure --enable-unicode --enable-static --disable-shared --enable-monolithic --with-libpng=sys --with-zlib=sys --with-libtiff=sys --with-libjpeg=sys ``` 确保 GCC 能够找到这些第三方图像库的头文件和库文件,通常可以通过将它们放置在 GCC 的 `include` 和 `lib` 文件夹中来实现。 最后,确保在 `CMakeLists.txt` 文件中正确设置目标链接库: ```cmake add_executable(notepad WIN32 ${DIR_SRCS}) target_link_libraries(notepad ${wxWidgets_LIBRARIES}) ``` 对于 Boost 库的支持,可以使用以下代码片段: ```cmake set(Boost_USE_STATIC_LIBS ON) find_package(Boost) if(Boost_FOUND) include_directories(${Boost_INCLUDE_DIRS}) endif() ``` 这些配置可以帮助确保 CMake 正确地找到并链接 wxWidgets 库及其相关依赖项[^1]。
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