qemu nat网络跑gentoo

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本文介绍如何使用QEMU进行网络配置，包括安装必要的软件包、设置NAT桥接、配置网络参数及启用IP转发等。通过具体脚本示例，展示了如何创建桥接设备、设置防火墙规则及启动DNSmasq服务。

yum install bridge-utils iptables dnsmasq

lsmod|grep tun
modprobe tun

chmod 777 /etc/qemu-ifup
[code="java"]
# cat /etc/qemu-ifup
#!/bin/sh
#
# Copyright IBM, Corp. 2010
#
# Authors:
# Anthony Liguori <aliguori@us.ibm.com>
#
# This work is licensed under the terms of the GNU GPL, version 2. See
# the COPYING file in the top-level directory.

# Set to the name of your bridge
BRIDGE=br0

# Network information
NETWORK=192.168.53.0
NETMASK=255.255.255.0
GATEWAY=192.168.53.1
DHCPRANGE=192.168.53.2,192.168.53.254

# Optionally parameters to enable PXE support
TFTPROOT=
BOOTP=

do_brctl() {
brctl "$@"
}

do_ifconfig() {
ifconfig "$@"
}

do_dd() {
dd "$@"
}

do_iptables_restore() {
iptables-restore "$@"
}

do_dnsmasq() {
dnsmasq "$@"
}

check_bridge() {
if do_brctl show | grep "^$1" > /dev/null 2> /dev/null; then
return 1
else
return 0
fi
}

create_bridge() {
do_brctl addbr "$1"
do_brctl stp "$1" off
do_brctl setfd "$1" 0
do_ifconfig "$1" "$GATEWAY" netmask "$NETMASK" up
}

enable_ip_forward() {
echo 1 | do_dd of=/proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward > /dev/null
}

add_filter_rules() {
do_iptables_restore <<EOF
# Generated by iptables-save v1.3.6 on Fri Aug 24 15:20:25 2007
*nat
:PREROUTING ACCEPT [61:9671]
:POSTROUTING ACCEPT [121:7499]
:OUTPUT ACCEPT [132:8691]
-A POSTROUTING -s $NETWORK/$NETMASK -j MASQUERADE
COMMIT
# Completed on Fri Aug 24 15:20:25 2007
# Generated by iptables-save v1.3.6 on Fri Aug 24 15:20:25 2007
*filter
:INPUT ACCEPT [1453:976046]
:FORWARD ACCEPT [0:0]
:OUTPUT ACCEPT [1605:194911]
-A INPUT -i $BRIDGE -p tcp -m tcp --dport 67 -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -i $BRIDGE -p udp -m udp --dport 67 -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -i $BRIDGE -p tcp -m tcp --dport 53 -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -i $BRIDGE -p udp -m udp --dport 53 -j ACCEPT
-A FORWARD -i $1 -o $1 -j ACCEPT
-A FORWARD -s $NETWORK/$NETMASK -i $BRIDGE -j ACCEPT
-A FORWARD -d $NETWORK/$NETMASK -o $BRIDGE -m state --state RELATED,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT
-A FORWARD -o $BRIDGE -j REJECT --reject-with icmp-port-unreachable
-A FORWARD -i $BRIDGE -j REJECT --reject-with icmp-port-unreachable
COMMIT
# Completed on Fri Aug 24 15:20:25 2007
EOF
}

start_dnsmasq() {
do_dnsmasq \
--strict-order \
--except-interface=lo \
--interface=$BRIDGE \
--listen-address=$GATEWAY \
--bind-interfaces \
--dhcp-range=$DHCPRANGE \
--conf-file="" \
--pid-file=/var/run/qemu-dnsmasq-$BRIDGE.pid \
--dhcp-leasefile=/var/run/qemu-dnsmasq-$BRIDGE.leases \
--dhcp-no-override \
${TFTPROOT:+"--enable-tftp"} \
${TFTPROOT:+"--tftp-root=$TFTPROOT"} \
${BOOTP:+"--dhcp-boot=$BOOTP"}
}

setup_bridge_nat() {
if check_bridge "$1" ; then
create_bridge "$1"
enable_ip_forward
add_filter_rules "$1"
start_dnsmasq "$1"
fi
}

setup_bridge_vlan() {
if check_bridge "$1" ; then
create_bridge "$1"
start_dnsmasq "$1"
fi
}

setup_bridge_nat "$BRIDGE"

if test "$1" ; then
do_ifconfig "$1" 0.0.0.0 up
do_brctl addif "$BRIDGE" "$1"
fi
#
[/code]


qemu-system-i386 -hda gentoo.img -boot order=d -cdrom install-x86-minimal-20141125.iso -m 1024 -net nic,macaddr=00:16:3e:22:22:22 -net tap -localtime -vnc 10.6.6.4:1 &
#dnsmasq --strict-order --except-interface=lo --interface=br0 --listen-address=192.168.53.1 --bind-interfaces --dhcp-range=192.168.53.2,192.168.53.254 --conf-file= --pid-file=/var/run/qemu-dnsmasq-br0.pid --dhcp-leasefile=/var/run/qemu-dnsmasq-br0.leases --dhcp-no-override

参考
http://wiki.qemu.org/Documentation/Networking/NAT#Overview