A. 他们都实现了Map 接口
B. HashMap 非线程安全,在多个线程访问Hashtable时,不需要自己为 它的方法实现同步,而HashMap 就必须为之提供额外同步
C. HashMap允许将null作为一个entry的key或者value,而Hashtable不允许
D. 通过contains方法可以判断一个对象是否存在于HashMap或者Hashtable中
答案:D
解析:
//HashMap的源码
public class HashMap<K,V>extends AbstractMap<K,V>implements Map<K,V>, Cloneable, Serializable
{
...
}
//Hashtable的源码
public class Hashtable<K,V>
extends Dictionary<K,V>
implements Map<K,V>, Cloneable, java.io.Serializable
{
...
}
A.都实现了Map接口 正确
B.这里已put方法为例,其他get,remove 等方法类似
//HashMap的put方法,没有同步
public V put(K key, V value) {
if (key == null)
return putForNullKey(value); //C.可以为null
int hash = hash(key.hashCode());
int i = indexFor(hash, table.length);
for (Entry<K,V> e = table[i]; e != null; e = e.next) {
Object k;
if (e.hash == hash && ((k = e.key) == key || key.equals(k))) {
V oldValue = e.value;
e.value = value;
e.recordAccess(this);
return oldValue;
}
}
modCount++;
addEntry(hash, key, value, i);
return null;
}
//Hashtable的put方法,使用了synchronized
public synchronized V put(K key, V value) {
// Make sure the value is not null //C.不可以为null
if (value == null) {
throw new NullPointerException();
}
// Makes sure the key is not already in the hashtable.
Entry tab[] = table;
int hash = key.hashCode();
int index = (hash & 0x7FFFFFFF) % tab.length;
for (Entry<K,V> e = tab[index] ; e != null ; e = e.next) {
if ((e.hash == hash) && e.key.equals(key)) {
V old = e.value;
e.value = value;
return old;
}
}
modCount++;
if (count >= threshold) {
// Rehash the table if the threshold is exceeded
rehash();
tab = table;
index = (hash & 0x7FFFFFFF) % tab.length;
}
// Creates the new entry.
Entry<K,V> e = tab[index];
tab[index] = new Entry<K,V>(hash, key, value, e);
count++;
return null;
}
//以下是Hashtable的方法
public synchronized boolean contains(Object value)
public synchronized boolean containsKey(Object key)
public boolean containsValue(Object value)
//以下是HashMap中的方法,注意,没有contains方法,所以,D错误
public boolean containsKey(Object key)
public boolean containsValue(Object value)