Python 登录网站后台

import urllib.parse, urllib.request, http.cookiejar  
import webbrowser


# 设置cookie
def set_cookie():    
    # 初始化一个CookieJar来处理Cookie
    cookie = http.cookiejar.CookieJar()
    cookieProc = urllib.request.HTTPCookieProcessor(cookie)
    # 实例化一个全局opener
    opener = urllib.request.build_opener(cookieProc)
    urllib.request.install_opener(opener)



# 打开网页
def get_url_request(open_url, post_data = {}):
    post_data = urllib.parse.urlencode(post_data)
    post_data = post_data.encode(encoding = 'utf-8')
    # 不添加header也能成功
    # header = {"User-Agent":"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 5.1) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/43.0.2357.134 Safari/537.36"}
    req = urllib.request.Request(
                url = open_url,
                data = post_data,
                # headers = header
                )

    return urllib.request.urlopen(req).read().decode("utf-8")


# 执行
if __name__ == "__main__":

    username = "用户名"
    password = "密码"
    
    # 以下三个属性通过抓包获取
    # 向此网址发送登录请求
    url_login = r'http://xxx'

    # 登录后跳转到此网址
    url_login_success = r"http://yyy"

    # 登录需要提交的数据
    login_params = {"f":"check_login", "username":username, "password":password}

    # 登录
    get_url_request(url_login, login_params)
    # 打开登录后页面
    result = get_url_request(url_login_success)
    print(result)