24.Spring练习（spring、springMVC）

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
	pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>主页</title>
</head>
<body>
	<%
		response.sendRedirect(request.getContextPath()+"/pages/main.jsp");
	%>
</body>
</html>

（2）创建工程步骤。

IDEA项目右键->新建->新模块 ->选择Maven->选择骨架或不选->next->命名->把项目缺少的文件添加上去。

（3）applicationContext.xml配置文件。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
                            http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
    <!--1、加载jdbc.properties文件-->
    <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:jdbc.properties"/>
    <!--2、配置数据源对象-->
    <bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
        <property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.Driver}"/>
        <property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.url}"/>
        <property name="user" value="${jdbc.user}"/>
        <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"/>
    </bean>
    <!--3、配置JdbcTemplate对象-->
    <bean id="jdbcTemplate" class="org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate">
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
    </bean>

    <!--配置RoleService-->
    <bean id="roleService" class="service.impl.RoleServiceImpl">
        <property name="roleDao" ref="roleDao"/>
    </bean>
    <!--配置RoleDao-->
    <bean id="roleDao" class="dao.impl.RoleDaoImpl">
        <property name="jdbcTemplate" ref="jdbcTemplate"/>
    </bean>

    <!--配置UserService-->
    <bean id="userService" class="service.impl.UserServiceImpl">
        <property name="userDao" ref="userDao"/>
        <property name="roleDao" ref="roleDao"/>
    </bean>
    <!--配置UserDao-->
    <bean id="userDao" class="dao.impl.UserDaoImpl">
        <property name="jdbcTemplate" ref="jdbcTemplate"/>
    </bean>

</beans>

（4）spring-mvc.xml配置文件。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
                             http://www.springframework.org/schema/context  http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
                            http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">
    <!--1、mvc的注解驱动-->
    <mvc:annotation-driven/>
    <!--2、配置视图解析器-->
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <property name="prefix" value="/pages/"/>
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
    </bean>
    <!--3、静态资源权限开放-->
    <mvc:default-servlet-handler/>
    <!--4、组件扫描-->
    <context:component-scan base-package="controller"/>
    <!--5、拦截器配置-->
    <mvc:interceptors>
        <mvc:interceptor>
            <!--配置对哪些资源执行操作-->
            <mvc:mapping path="/**"/>
            <!--配置哪些资源排除拦截操作-->
            <mvc:exclude-mapping path="/user/login"/>
            <bean class="interceptor.PrivilegeInterceptor"/>
        </mvc:interceptor>
    </mvc:interceptors>
</beans>

（5）web.xml配置文件。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
         version="4.0">

    <!--Spring监听器-->
    <listener>
        <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
    </listener>
    <!--Spring监听器的全局的初始化参数-->
    <context-param>
        <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
        <param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
    </context-param>

    <!--SpringMVC的前端控制器-->
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>DispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
            <param-value>classpath:spring-mvc.xml</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup><!--表示服务器启动就创建-->
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>DispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>
    
    <filter>
        <filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
        <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>encoding</param-name>
            <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
        </init-param>
    </filter>
    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
    </filter-mapping>
</web-app>

（6）jdbc.properties配置文件。

jdbc.Driver=com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8
jdbc.user=root
jdbc.password=root

注意：url中的？后面是防止乱码的方法之一。

（7）log4j.properties配置文件。

### direct log messages to stdout ###
log4j.appender.stdout=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender
log4j.appender.stdout.Target=System.out
log4j.appender.stdout.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.stdout.layout.ConversionPattern=%d{ABSOLUTE} %5p %c{1}:%L - %m%n

### direct messages to file mylog.log ###
log4j.appender.file=org.apache.log4j.FileAppender
log4j.appender.file.File=c:/mylog.log
log4j.appender.file.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.file.layout.ConversionPattern=%d{ABSOLUTE} %5p %c{1}:%L - %m%n

### set log levels - for more verbose logging change 'info' to 'debug' ###

log4j.rootLogger=info, stdout

二、SSM项目结构。

（1）conctroller层。

（1.1）RoleController类。

package controller;
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/role")
public class RoleController {
    @Resource(name = "roleService")
    private RoleService roleService;

    @RequestMapping("/list")
    public ModelAndView list(){
        ModelAndView modelAndView = new ModelAndView();
        List<Role> roleList = roleService.list();
        //设置模型
        modelAndView.addObject("roleList",roleList);
        //设置视图
        modelAndView.setViewName("role-list");
        return modelAndView;
    }
    @RequestMapping("/save")
    //参数是用来接收表单数据
    public String save(Role role){
        roleService.save(role);
        return "redirect:/role/list";
    }
}

（1.2）UserController类。

package controller;
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/user")
public class UserController {
    @Resource(name = "userService")
    private UserService userService;
    @Autowired
    private RoleService roleService;

    @RequestMapping("/list")
    public ModelAndView list(){
        ModelAndView modelAndView = new ModelAndView();
        List<User> userList = userService.list();
        modelAndView.addObject("userList",userList);
        modelAndView.setViewName("user-list");
        return modelAndView;
    }
    @RequestMapping("/saveUI")
    public ModelAndView saveUI(){
        ModelAndView modelAndView = new ModelAndView();
        List<Role> roleList = roleService.list();
        modelAndView.addObject("roleService",roleList);
        modelAndView.setViewName("user-add");
        return modelAndView;
    }
    @RequestMapping("/save")
    public String save(User user,Long[] roleIds){
        userService.save(user,roleIds);
        return "redirect:/user/list";
    }
    @RequestMapping("/del/{userId}")
    //Restful风格
    public String del(@PathVariable(name = "userId") Long userId){
        userService.del(userId);
        return "redirect:/user/list";
    }
    @RequestMapping("/login")
    public String login(String username, String password, HttpSession session){
        User user = userService.login(username,password);
        if (user != null){
            //登录成功，将user存储到session
            session.setAttribute("user",user);
            return "redirect:/index.jsp";
        }
        return "redirect:/login.jsp";
    }
}

（1.3）jsp文件的部分截取参考。

<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
<tbody>
	<c:forEach items="${roleList}" var="role">
		<tr>
			<td><input name="ids" type="checkbox"></td>
			<td>${role.id}</td>
			<td>${role.roleName}</td>
			<td>${role.roleDesc}</td>
			<td class="text-center">
			<a href="#" class="btn bg-olive btn-xs">删除</a>
		    </td>
		</tr>
	</c:forEach>
</tbody>

<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
<div class="col-md-10 data">
	<c:forEach items="${roleService}" var="role">
		<input type="checkbox" name="roleIds" value="${role.id}">${role.roleName}
	</c:forEach>
</div>

<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
<script>
	function delUser(userId) {
		if (confirm("您确认要删除吗?")){
			location.href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/user/del/"+userId;
		}
	}
</script>
<tbody>
	<c:forEach items="${userList}" var="user">
		<tr>
			<td><input name="ids" type="checkbox"></td>
			<td>${user.id}</td>
			<td>${user.username}</td>
			<td>${user.email}</td>
			<td>${user.phoneNum}</td>
			<td class="text-center">
				<c:forEach items="${user.roles}" var="role">
					&nbsp;${role.roleDesc}
				</c:forEach>
			</td>
			<td class="text-center">
			    <a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="delUser('${user.id}')"  class="btn bg-olive btn-xs">删除</a>
			</td>
		</tr>
	</c:forEach>
</tbody>

（2）service层。

（2.1）RoleService接口与RoleServiceImpl类。

package service;
import domain.Role;
import java.util.List;
public interface RoleService {
    public void save(Role role);
    public List<Role> list();
}

package service.impl;
public class RoleServiceImpl implements RoleService {
    private RoleDao roleDao;
    public void setRoleDao(RoleDao roleDao) {
        this.roleDao = roleDao;
    }
    @Override
    public List<Role> list() {
        List<Role> roleList = roleDao.findAll();
        return roleList;
    }
    @Override
    public void save(Role role) {
        roleDao.save(role);
    }
}

（2.2）UserService接口与UserService类。

package service;
public interface UserService {
    public List<User> list();
    void save(User user, Long[] roleIds);
    void del(Long userId);
    User login(String username, String password);
}

package service.impl;
public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService {
    private UserDao userDao;
    public void setUserDao(UserDao userDao) {
        this.userDao = userDao;
    }
    private RoleDao roleDao;
    public void setRoleDao(RoleDao roleDao) {
        this.roleDao = roleDao;
    }
    @Override
    public List<User> list() {
        List<User> userList = userDao.findAll();
        //封装userList中的每一个User的roles数据
        for (User user : userList) {
            //获得user的id
            Long id = user.getId();
            //将id作为参数，查询当前userId对应的Role集合数据
            List<Role> roles = roleDao.findRoleById(id);
            user.setRoles(roles);
        }
        return userList;
    }
    @Override
    public void save(User user, Long[] roleIds) {
        //第一步：向sys_user表中存储数据
        Long userId = userDao.save(user);
        //第二步：向sys_user_role关系表中存储数据
        userDao.saveUserRoleRel(userId,roleIds);
    }
    @Override
    public void del(Long userId) {
        //1、删除sys_user_role关系表（userId数据）
        userDao.delUserRoleRel(userId);
        //2、删除sys_user表（userId数据）
        userDao.del(userId);
    }
    @Override
    public User login(String username, String password) {
        try {
            User user = userDao.findByUsernameAndPassword(username,password);
            return user;
        }catch (EmptyResultDataAccessException e){
            //如果有这个异常，说明搜索后的结果为空
            return null;
        }
    }
}

（3）dao层。

（3.1）RoleDao接口与RoleDaoImpl类。

package dao;
public interface RoleDao {
    public void save(Role role);
    public List<Role> findAll();
    List<Role> findRoleById(Long id);
}

package dao.impl;
public class RoleDaoImpl implements RoleDao {
    private JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate;
    public void setJdbcTemplate(JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate) {
        this.jdbcTemplate = jdbcTemplate;
    }
    @Override
    public List<Role> findAll() {
        List<Role> roleList = jdbcTemplate.query("select * from sys_role", new BeanPropertyRowMapper<Role>(Role.class));
        return roleList;
    }
    @Override
    public void save(Role role) {
        jdbcTemplate.update("insert into sys_role values(?,?,?)",null,role.getRoleName(),role.getRoleDesc());
    }
    @Override
    public List<Role> findRoleById(Long id) {
        //其实就是ur表的每一个roleId把r表全部查找一遍，把ur.roleId = r.id并且ur.userId = ?的结果就是满足条件的
        List<Role> roles = jdbcTemplate.query("select * from sys_user_role ur,sys_role r where ur.roleId = r.id and ur.userId = ?", new BeanPropertyRowMapper<>(Role.class), id);
        return roles;
    }
}

（3.2）UserDao接口与UserDaoImpl类。

package dao;
public interface UserDao {
    List<User> findAll();
    Long save(User user);
    void saveUserRoleRel(Long id, Long[] roleIds);
    void delUserRoleRel(Long userId);
    void del(Long userId);
    User findByUsernameAndPassword(String username, String password);
}

package dao.impl;
public class UserDaoImpl implements UserDao {
    private JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate;
    public void setJdbcTemplate(JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate) {
        this.jdbcTemplate = jdbcTemplate;
    }
    @Override
    public List<User> findAll() {
        List<User> userList = jdbcTemplate.query("select * from sys_user",new BeanPropertyRowMapper<>(User.class));
        return userList;
    }
    @Override
    //里面有，获取数据表的主键id的方式
    public Long save(User user) {
        //创建PreparedStatementCreator
        PreparedStatementCreator creator = new PreparedStatementCreator() {
            @Override
            public PreparedStatement createPreparedStatement(Connection connection) throws SQLException {
                //使用原始jdbc完成有个PreparedStatement的组件
                PreparedStatement preparedStatement = connection.prepareStatement("insert into sys_user values(?,?,?,?,?)", PreparedStatement.RETURN_GENERATED_KEYS);//PreparedStatement.RETURN_GENERATED_KEYS,就是1的意思，也可以写1
                preparedStatement.setObject(1,null);
                preparedStatement.setString(2,user.getUsername());
                preparedStatement.setString(3,user.getEmail());
                preparedStatement.setString(4,user.getPassword());
                preparedStatement.setString(5,user.getPhoneNum());
                return preparedStatement;
            }
        };
        //创建keyHolder，获取自增主键id
        GeneratedKeyHolder keyHolder = new GeneratedKeyHolder();
        jdbcTemplate.update(creator, keyHolder);
        //获取生成的主键
        long userId = keyHolder.getKey().longValue();

        //不能获取主键的方式
        //jdbcTemplate.update("insert into sys_user values(?,?,?,?,?)",null,user.getUsername(),user.getEmail(),user.getPassword(),user.getPhoneNum());
        return userId; //返回当前保存用户的id，该id是数据库自动生成的
    }
    @Override
    public void saveUserRoleRel(Long userId, Long[] roleIds) {
        for (Long roleId : roleIds) {
            jdbcTemplate.update("insert into sys_user_role values(?,?)",userId,roleId);
        }
    }
    @Override
    public void delUserRoleRel(Long userId) {
        jdbcTemplate.update("delete from sys_user_role where userId = ?",userId);
    }
    @Override
    public void del(Long userId) {
        jdbcTemplate.update("delete from sys_user where id = ?",userId);
    }
    @Override
    public User findByUsernameAndPassword(String username, String password) throws EmptyResultDataAccessException {
        User user = jdbcTemplate.queryForObject("select * from sys_user where username = ? and password = ?", new BeanPropertyRowMapper<>(User.class), username, password);
        return user;
    }
}

（4）domain：存放POJO类。

（4.1）Role类。

package domain;
public class Role {
    private Long id;
    private String roleName;
    private String roleDesc;
    public Long getId() {return id; }
    public void setId(Long id) {this.id = id; }
    public String getRoleName() { return roleName;}
    public void setRoleName(String roleName) { this.roleName = roleName;}
    public String getRoleDesc() { return roleDesc;}
    public void setRoleDesc(String roleDesc) { this.roleDesc = roleDesc;}
    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Role{" +
                "id=" + id +
                ", roleName='" + roleName + '\'' +
                ", roleDesc='" + roleDesc + '\'' +
                '}';
    }
}

（4.2） User类。

package domain;
import java.util.List;
public class User {
    private Long id;
    private String username;
    private String email;
    private String password;
    private String phoneNum;
    //当前用户具备哪些角色
    private List<Role> roles;
    public List<Role> getRoles() { return roles; }
    public void setRoles(List<Role> roles) {this.roles = roles; }
    public Long getId() { return id; }
    public void setId(Long id) {  this.id = id; }
    public String getUsername() {  return username;  }
    public void setUsername(String username) {  this.username = username;  }
    public String getEmail() { return email;  }
    public void setEmail(String email) {  this.email = email; }
    public String getPassword() {  return password; }
    public void setPassword(String password) {  this.password = password; }
    public String getPhoneNum() { return phoneNum; }
    public void setPhoneNum(String phoneNum) {  this.phoneNum = phoneNum; }
    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "User{" +
                "id=" + id +
                ", username='" + username + '\'' +
                ", email='" + email + '\'' +
                ", password='" + password + '\'' +
                ", phoneNum='" + phoneNum + '\'' +
                '}';
    }

}

（5）utils：存放工具类。

（6）interceptor：拦截器。

package interceptor;
public class PrivilegeInterceptor implements HandlerInterceptor {
    //这里不需要重写三个，因为只需要用到一个，不用到（不写操作的方法）的就不重写
    @Override
    public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler) throws Exception {
        //逻辑：判断用户是否登录，本质：判断session中有没有user
        HttpSession session = request.getSession();
        User user = (User) session.getAttribute("user");
        if (user == null){
            //没有登录，重定向和转发都可以
            //request.getRequestDispatcher("/login.jsp").forward(request,response);//可以返回true
            response.sendRedirect(request.getContextPath()+"/login.jsp");//重定向后不能返回true
            return false;
        }
        return true;//放行，访问目标资源
    }
}

三、SpringMVC的视图解析器的前缀后缀添加规则：

@RequestMapping("/quick")
    public String quick(){
         * 总结：forward: 或 redirect:
         * 如果加了上面中的一个，那么视图解析器配置的 前缀后缀将不在添加
        //1. 文.件[/pages/quick.html.jsp] 未找到
        return "quick.html";
        //2. 文.件[/pages/quick.html.jsp] 未找到
        return "/quick.html";
        //3.文.件[/pages/aside.jsp.jsp] 未找到
        return "aside.jsp";
        //4.访问失败，服务器崩溃！!!,因为少加了“/"
        return "forward:quick.html";
        //5.成功访问/quick.html，不会添加前缀与后缀
        return "forward:/quick.html";
        //6.访问失败，缺少“/”，服务器收不到请求（估计定向到其他地方了（不存在的路径））
        return "redirect:quick.html";
        //7.成功访问，/quick.html，不会添加前缀与后缀
        return "redirect:/quick.html";
        //8./quick.html，
        return "redirect:/quick.jsp";
        //9.成功访问https://www.baidu.com，不会添加前缀与后缀
        return "redirect:https://www.baidu.com";
    }

总结：字符串的最前面有forward: 或 redirect:，那么就不会添加前缀和后缀。