Automount a disk in /home

本文介绍如何使用Linux命令检查新硬盘、进行格式化为ext4文件系统,并将其挂载到指定目录的过程。此外还提供了如何通过编辑fstab文件实现开机自动挂载的方法。
  1. check the new media disk
sudo fdisk -l
  1. format
sudo mkfs -t ext4 /dev/sdc
  1. Get the Name, UUID and File System Type
sudo blkid

you can get /dev/sdc: UUID="......." TYPE="ext4"

  1. Make a Mount Point For Your Drive
    sudo mkdir /home/disk
  2. Mount the disk
sudo mount /dev/sdc /home/dsik

6.Edit /etc/fstab File and save

UUID=...  /home/dsik  ext4  defaults  0  2
======================================================= Error ======================================================= Error: Caught exception: The attempted operation failed. at Deadline.Plugins.PluginWrapper.RenderTasks(Task task, String& outMessage, AbortLevel& abortLevel) ======================================================= Type ======================================================= RenderPluginException ======================================================= Stack Trace ======================================================= at Deadline.Plugins.SandboxedPlugin.d(DeadlineMessage bgz, CancellationToken bha) at Deadline.Plugins.SandboxedPlugin.RenderTask(Task task, CancellationToken cancellationToken) at Deadline.Slaves.SlaveRenderThread.c(TaskLogWriter akd, CancellationToken ake) ======================================================= Log ======================================================= 2025-11-29 06:09:29: 0: Loading Job's Plugin timeout is Disabled 2025-11-29 06:09:29: 0: SandboxedPlugin: Render Job As User disabled, running as current user 'root' 2025-11-29 06:09:30: 0: Executing plugin command of type 'Initialize Plugin' 2025-11-29 06:09:30: 0: INFO: Executing plugin script '/var/lib/Thinkbox/Deadline10/workers/7d0d30e39c-11/plugins/69299c58255936a97b86d98c/Houdini.py' 2025-11-29 06:09:31: 0: INFO: Plugin execution sandbox using Python version 3 2025-11-29 06:09:31: 0: INFO: About: Houdini Plugin for Deadline 2025-11-29 06:09:31: 0: INFO: The job's environment will be merged with the current environment before rendering 2025-11-29 06:09:31: 0: Done executing plugin command of type 'Initialize Plugin' 2025-11-29 06:09:31: 0: Start Job timeout is disabled. 2025-11-29 06:09:31: 0: Task timeout is 36000 seconds (Regular Task Timeout) 2025-11-29 06:09:31: 0: Loaded job: b10_480.lgt.p1.v002 - /stage/b10_480_all (69299c58255936a97b86d98c) 2025-11-29 06:09:31: 0: Executing plugin command of type 'Start Job' 2025-11-29 06:09:31: 0: DEBUG: S3BackedCache Client is not installed. 2025-11-29 06:09:31: 0: INFO: Executing global asset transfer preload script '/var/lib/Thinkbox/Deadline10/workers/7d0d30e39c-11/plugins/69299c58255936a97b86d98c/GlobalAssetTransferPreLoad.py' 2025-11-29 06:09:31: 0: INFO: Looking for legacy (pre-10.0.26) AWS Portal File Transfer... 2025-11-29 06:09:31: 0: INFO: Looking for legacy (pre-10.0.26) File Transfer controller in /opt/Thinkbox/S3BackedCache/bin/task.py... 2025-11-29 06:09:31: 0: INFO: Could not find legacy (pre-10.0.26) AWS Portal File Transfer. 2025-11-29 06:09:31: 0: INFO: Legacy (pre-10.0.26) AWS Portal File Transfer is not installed on the system. 2025-11-29 06:09:31: 0: Done executing plugin command of type 'Start Job' 2025-11-29 06:09:31: 0: Plugin rendering frame(s): 1015 2025-11-29 06:09:31: 0: Executing plugin command of type 'Render Task' 2025-11-29 06:09:31: 0: INFO: Starting Houdini Job 2025-11-29 06:09:31: 0: INFO: Stdout Redirection Enabled: True 2025-11-29 06:09:31: 0: INFO: Asynchronous Stdout Enabled: False 2025-11-29 06:09:31: 0: INFO: Stdout Handling Enabled: True 2025-11-29 06:09:31: 0: INFO: Popup Handling Enabled: True 2025-11-29 06:09:31: 0: INFO: QT Popup Handling Enabled: False 2025-11-29 06:09:31: 0: INFO: WindowsForms10.Window.8.app.* Popup Handling Enabled: False 2025-11-29 06:09:31: 0: INFO: Using Process Tree: True 2025-11-29 06:09:31: 0: INFO: Hiding DOS Window: True 2025-11-29 06:09:31: 0: INFO: Creating New Console: False 2025-11-29 06:09:31: 0: INFO: Running as user: root 2025-11-29 06:09:31: 0: INFO: File "rez" is not rooted, checking current directory 2025-11-29 06:09:31: 0: INFO: File "rez" is not rooted and is not in the current directory, checking PATH 2025-11-29 06:09:31: 0: INFO: Executable: "/opt/rez/3.1.1/bin/rez/rez" 2025-11-29 06:09:31: 0: INFO: Argument: "/var/lib/Thinkbox/Deadline10/workers/7d0d30e39c-11/plugins/69299c58255936a97b86d98c/hrender_dl.py" -f 1015 1015 1 -d /stage/b10_480_all -tempdir "/var/lib/Thinkbox/Deadline10/workers/7d0d30e39c-11/jobsData/69299c58255936a97b86d98c/0_tempU8HSs0" -arnoldAbortOnLicenseFail 1 "/mnt/W/projects/sngx/shots/b10/b10_480/lgt/houdini/.69299c58255936a97b86d98c-b10_480.lgt.p1.v002.hip" 2025-11-29 06:09:31: 0: INFO: Full Command: "/opt/rez/3.1.1/bin/rez/rez" env aces==1.2 houdini==20.5.684 htoa==6.4.5.0 python==3.10.14 PyYAML==6.0.1 xyz_houdini==0.0.1 alphacore==15.1.1 -- hython "/var/lib/Thinkbox/Deadline10/workers/7d0d30e39c-11/plugins/69299c58255936a97b86d98c/hrender_dl.py" -f 1015 1015 1 -d /stage/b10_480_all -tempdir "/var/lib/Thinkbox/Deadline10/workers/7d0d30e39c-11/jobsData/69299c58255936a97b86d98c/0_tempU8HSs0" -arnoldAbortOnLicenseFail 1 "/mnt/W/projects/sngx/shots/b10/b10_480/lgt/houdini/.69299c58255936a97b86d98c-b10_480.lgt.p1.v002.hip" 2025-11-29 06:09:31: 0: INFO: Startup Directory: "/opt/rez/3.1.1/bin/rez" 2025-11-29 06:09:31: 0: INFO: Process Priority: BelowNormal 2025-11-29 06:09:31: 0: INFO: Process Affinity: default 2025-11-29 06:09:31: 0: INFO: Process is now running 2025-11-29 06:09:38: 0: STDOUT: 00:00:00 509MB | log started Sat Nov 29 06:09:38 2025 2025-11-29 06:09:38: 0: STDOUT: 00:00:00 509MB | Arnold 7.4.4.0 [f87dd6ed] linux x86_64 clang-20.1.8 oiio-2.6.3 osl-1.13.3 vdb-11.0.0 adlsdk-9.5.0.53 clmhub-3.1.1.43 rlm-17.0.1 optix-8.0.0 2025/11/10 17:55:40 2025-11-29 06:09:38: 0: STDOUT: 00:00:00 509MB | running on 7d0d30e39c-11, pid=706578 2025-11-29 06:09:38: 0: STDOUT: 00:00:00 509MB | 2 x Intel(R) Xeon(R) Platinum (44 cores, 88 logical) with 348579MB 2025-11-29 06:09:38: 0: STDOUT: 00:00:00 509MB | Ubuntu 22.04.5 LTS (Jammy Jellyfish), Linux kernel 5.15.0-153-generic 2025-11-29 06:09:38: 0: STDOUT: 00:00:00 509MB | soft limit for open files changed from 200000 to 199998 2025-11-29 06:09:38: 0: STDOUT: 00:00:00 509MB | 2025-11-29 06:09:38: 0: STDOUT: 00:00:00 514MB | loading plugins from /mnt/P/pipeline/softwares/mtoa_5.5.1.1/maya2024/linux/procedurals ... 2025-11-29 06:09:38: 0: STDOUT: 00:00:00 514MB | mtoa_ParticleVolume_proc.so: volume_particle uses Arnold 7.4.1.1 2025-11-29 06:09:38: 0: STDOUT: 00:00:00 514MB | mtoa_ParticleVolume_proc.so: implicit_particle uses Arnold 7.4.1.1 2025-11-29 06:09:38: 0: STDOUT: 00:00:00 581MB | xgenSpline_procedural.so: xgenProcedural uses Arnold 7.4.1.1 2025-11-29 06:09:38: 0: STDOUT: 00:00:00 581MB | xgen_procedural.so: xgen_procedural uses Arnold 7.4.1.1 2025-11-29 06:09:38: 0: STDOUT: 00:00:00 581MB | loaded 4 plugins from 3 lib(s) in 0:00.13 2025-11-29 06:09:38: 0: STDOUT: 00:00:00 581MB | loading plugins from /mnt/P/pipeline/softwares/htoa_6.4.5.0/houdini_20.5.684/linux/scripts/bin/../plugins ... 2025-11-29 06:09:38: 0: STDOUT: 00:00:00 605MB | usd_proc.so: usd uses Arnold 7.4.4.0 2025-11-29 06:09:38: 0: STDOUT: 00:00:00 606MB | htoa_mandelbulb_proc.so: mandelbulb uses Arnold 7.4.4.0 2025-11-29 06:09:38: 0: STDOUT: 00:00:00 606MB | alembic_proc.so: alembic uses Arnold 7.4.4.0 2025-11-29 06:09:38: 0: STDOUT: 00:00:00 606MB | loaded 3 plugins from 3 lib(s) in 0:00.23 2025-11-29 06:09:38: 0: STDOUT: 00:00:00 607MB | [htoa_op] Begin registration ... 2025-11-29 06:09:38: 0: STDOUT: 00:00:00 607MB | [obj_procedurals] Registering procedurals ... 2025-11-29 06:09:38: 0: STDOUT: 00:00:00 607MB | [obj_procedurals] procedural registration done. 2025-11-29 06:09:38: 0: STDOUT: 00:00:00 618MB | [rop_operators] Registering operators ... 2025-11-29 06:09:38: 0: STDOUT: 00:00:00 618MB | [rop_operators] operator registration done. 2025-11-29 06:09:39: 0: STDOUT: 00:00:01 632MB | [vop_shaders] Registering shaders ... 2025-11-29 06:09:39: 0: STDOUT: 00:00:01 633MB | [vop_shaders] shader registration done. 2025-11-29 06:09:39: 0: STDOUT: 00:00:01 633MB | [vop_imagers] Registering imagers ... 2025-11-29 06:09:39: 0: STDOUT: 00:00:01 633MB | [vop_imagers] imager registration done. 2025-11-29 06:09:39: 0: STDOUT: 00:00:01 633MB | [htoa_op] USD shader translation registration 2025-11-29 06:09:39: 0: STDOUT: 00:00:01 680MB | [htoa_op] End registration. 2025-11-29 06:09:39: 0: STDOUT: 00:00:01 680MB | 2025-11-29 06:09:39: 0: STDOUT: 00:00:01 680MB | releasing resources 2025-11-29 06:09:39: 0: STDOUT: 00:00:01 680MB | Arnold shutdown 2025-11-29 06:09:41: 0: STDOUT: libai.so already loaded 2025-11-29 06:09:41: 0: STDOUT: [htoa] HTOA environment variable already set to /mnt/P/pipeline/softwares/htoa_6.4.5.0/houdini_20.5.684/linux 2025-11-29 06:09:42: 0: STDOUT: Program SGTK started in 0.000002 seconds 2025-11-29 06:09:44: 0: STDOUT: Detected Houdini version: (20, 5, 684) 2025-11-29 06:09:44: 0: STDOUT: ['/var/lib/Thinkbox/Deadline10/workers/7d0d30e39c-11/plugins/69299c58255936a97b86d98c/hrender_dl.py', '-f', '1015', '1015', '1', '-d', '/stage/b10_480_all', '-tempdir', '/var/lib/Thinkbox/Deadline10/workers/7d0d30e39c-11/jobsData/69299c58255936a97b86d98c/0_tempU8HSs0', '-arnoldAbortOnLicenseFail', '1', '/mnt/W/projects/sngx/shots/b10/b10_480/lgt/houdini/.69299c58255936a97b86d98c-b10_480.lgt.p1.v002.hip'] 2025-11-29 06:09:44: 0: STDOUT: Start: 1015 2025-11-29 06:09:44: 0: STDOUT: End: 1015 2025-11-29 06:09:44: 0: STDOUT: Increment: 1 2025-11-29 06:09:44: 0: STDOUT: Ignore Inputs: False 2025-11-29 06:09:44: 0: STDOUT: No output specified. Output will be handled by the driver 2025-11-29 06:09:44: 0: STDOUT: Driver: /stage/b10_480_all 2025-11-29 06:09:44: 0: STDOUT: Input File: /mnt/W/projects/sngx/shots/b10/b10_480/lgt/houdini/.69299c58255936a97b86d98c-b10_480.lgt.p1.v002.hip 2025-11-29 06:09:44: 0: STDOUT: Error: Caught exception: The attempted operation failed. 2025-11-29 06:09:44: 0: STDOUT: Unable to open file: /mnt/W/projects/sngx/shots/b10/b10_480/lgt/houdini/.69299c58255936a97b86d98c-b10_480.lgt.p1.v002.hip 2025-11-29 06:09:44: 0: STDOUT: Traceback (most recent call last): 2025-11-29 06:09:44: 0: STDOUT: File "/var/lib/Thinkbox/Deadline10/workers/7d0d30e39c-11/plugins/69299c58255936a97b86d98c/hrender_dl.py", line 481, in <module> 2025-11-29 06:09:44: 0: STDOUT: hou.hipFile.load( inputFile ) 2025-11-29 06:09:44: 0: STDOUT: File "/opt/hfs20.5.684/houdini/python3.11libs/hou.py", line 57766, in load 2025-11-29 06:09:44: 0: STDOUT: return _hou.hipFile_load(self, file_name, suppress_save_prompt, ignore_load_warnings) 2025-11-29 06:09:44: 0: STDOUT: ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ 2025-11-29 06:09:44: 0: STDOUT: hou.OperationFailed: The attempted operation failed. 2025-11-29 06:09:44: 0: STDOUT: Unable to open file: /mnt/W/projects/sngx/shots/b10/b10_480/lgt/houdini/.69299c58255936a97b86d98c-b10_480.lgt.p1.v002.hip 2025-11-29 06:09:44: 0: Sending kill command to process tree with root process 'rez' with process id 706572 2025-11-29 06:09:44: 0: Done executing plugin command of type 'Render Task' ======================================================= Details ======================================================= Date: 11/29/2025 06:09:48 Frames: 1015 Elapsed Time: 00:00:00:20 Job Submit Date: 11/28/2025 20:58:00 Job User: zhangzhe Average RAM Usage: 2222694144 (1%) Peak RAM Usage: 2541608960 (1%) Average CPU Usage: 2% Peak CPU Usage: 3% Used CPU Clocks (x10^6 cycles): 69605 Total CPU Clocks (x10^6 cycles): 3480241 ======================================================= Worker Information ======================================================= Worker Name: 7d0d30e39c-11 Version: v10.4.2.2 Release (313c3e8f5) Operating System: Ubuntu 22.04.5 LTS Machine User: root IP Address: 10.8.203.224 MAC Address: 00:16:3E:32:33:9D CPU Architecture: x86_64 CPUs: 88 CPU Usage: 2% Memory Usage: 2.0 GB / 340.4 GB (0%) Free Disk Space: 80.276 GB Video Card: Cirrus Logic GD 5446
最新发布
11-30
<think>好的,我现在需要帮用户解决他们在运行`automount.sh`脚本时遇到的错误:`bash: ./automount.sh: /bin/bash^M: bad interpreter: No such file or directory`。首先,我得理解这个错误的原因。用户可能是在Windows环境下编辑了脚本,然后拿到Linux系统里执行,导致行尾符不兼容。因为Windows使用CRLF(\r\n),而Linux使用LF(\n)。错误信息中的`^M`就是CR字符的显示,导致bash找不到正确的解释器路径。 接下来,我需要考虑解决这个问题的步骤。最直接的解决方法是使用`dos2unix`工具转换文件格式。但用户可能没有安装这个工具,所以需要提供替代方法,比如使用`sed`命令或者Vim来移除CR字符。同时,要确保用户有执行权限,可能需要提醒他们使用`chmod +x automount.sh`。 还要考虑用户可能的操作环境,比如他们是否熟悉命令行工具,是否需要详细的步骤说明。此外,预防措施也很重要,比如建议在跨平台编辑时使用合适的编辑器,或者在Git中设置自动转换行尾符,避免未来再次出现类似问题。 可能用户是刚接触Linux的新手,所以在解释时需要避免使用过于专业的术语,保持语言简洁明了。同时,需要验证提供的命令是否正确,比如`sed -i 's/\r$//' automount.sh`这个命令是否真的能删除行尾的CR字符。另外,检查是否有其他潜在问题,比如脚本内容本身是否有错误,但根据错误信息来看,主要是行尾符的问题,所以优先处理这个。 最后,要确保回答结构清晰,分步骤说明,让用户能够一步步跟随操作,并理解问题产生的原因,避免重复犯错。同时,提供多种解决方法,以适应不同的用户环境和工具可用性。</think>### **错误原因分析** 您遇到的错误提示: ```bash bash: ./automount.sh: /bin/bash^M: bad interpreter: No such file or directory ``` 核心问题是 **文件行尾符不兼容**,具体表现为: - `^M` 符号代表Windows换行符 `CRLF`(`\r\n`) - Linux系统只认 `LF`(`\n`)换行符 - 导致系统误将`\r`(显示为^M)作为解释器路径的一部分 --- ### **解决方案步骤** #### **方法1:使用dos2unix工具转换(推荐)** ```bash # 安装转换工具(若未安装) sudo apt-get install dos2unix # Ubuntu/Debian sudo yum install dos2unix # CentOS/RHEL # 执行转换 dos2unix automount.sh # 添加执行权限 chmod +x automount.sh # 重新运行脚本 ./automount.sh ``` #### **方法2:sed命令直接修复** ```bash # 删除CR字符(\r) sed -i 's/\r$//' automount.sh # 验证修改结果 head -n1 automount.sh # 应显示 #!/bin/bash 无特殊符号 # 设置执行权限后运行 chmod +x automount.sh && ./automount.sh ``` #### **方法3:Vim编辑器修复** ```bash vim automount.sh ``` **操作流程**: 1. 输入命令模式:按 `Esc` 键 2. 执行转换:输入 `:set ff=unix` 3. 保存退出:输入 `:wq` 4. 添加执行权限:`chmod +x automount.sh` --- ### **关键原理图解** ``` Windows格式文件: #!/bin/bash\r\n Linux识别结果: /bin/bash\r(路径不存在) 转换后文件: #!/bin/bash\n ``` --- ### **预防措施** 1. **跨平台编辑建议**: - 使用VS Code/Vim等跨平台编辑器 - 在编辑器设置中启用 `LF` 换行模式 2. **Git全局配置**: ```bash git config --global core.autocrlf input ``` 3. **文件格式预检**: ```bash file automount.sh # 正常应显示 "Bourne-Again shell script... ASCII text" # 异常会显示 "with CRLF line terminators" ``` --- ### **扩展排查技巧** 若问题持续存在,执行以下检查: ```bash # 检查脚本首行路径是否存在 ls -l /bin/bash # 确认bash位置(某些系统可能在/usr/bin/bash) # 验证文件完整性 hexdump -C automount.sh | head -n2 # 观察0d 0a(CRLF)字符 # 测试脚本基础语法 bash -n automount.sh # 仅检查语法不执行 ``` --- ### **典型错误场景** | 场景 | 表现 | 解决方案 | |------|------|----------| | 从Windows直接复制脚本 | 所有行尾含`\r\n` | 使用`dos2unix`转换 | | FTP传输未启用二进制模式 | 文件被自动转换 | 重新以二进制模式传输 | | 手机编辑文本文件 | 不同APP换行符不统一 | 用Linux编辑器重新保存 | --- ### **技术细节说明** 1. **CRLF与LF的历史**: - CR (Carriage Return `\r`):老式打字机回车 - LF (Line Feed `\n`):新行操作 - Windows继承DOS使用`CR+LF`,Unix系仅用`LF` 2. **Shell脚本执行机制**: - 内核通过`#!`(shebang)识别解释器 - 换行符错误会导致解释器路径解析失败 - 错误路径`/bin/bash\r`显然不存在 --- 通过上述任一方法转换行尾符后,脚本即可正常执行。推荐长期使用`dos2unix`工具配合版本控制工具的换行符配置,从根源避免此类问题。
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