OCLint静态语法分析工具(安装使用步骤)

本文介绍了OCLint,一款用于改进代码质量和减少缺陷的静态代码分析工具,适用于C/C++和Objective-C语言。通过检查潜在问题如空的if/else/try/catch/finally语句、未使用的代码、复杂代码等,OCLint提供了一系列功能帮助开发者提升代码质量。文章还详细说明了如何获取最新版本的OCLint,包括源代码构建和预编译二进制文件下载。此外,提供了多种安装选项和验证安装的方法。最后,专门讨论了如何在Xcode项目中集成使用OCLint进行代码质量分析。

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Brief Introduction:

homepage

OCLint is a static code analysis tool for improving quality and reducing defects by inspecting C, C++ and Objective-C code and looking for potential problems like:

  • Possible bugs - empty if/else/try/catch/finally statements
  • Unused code - unused local variables and parameters
  • Complicated code - high cyclomatic complexity, NPath complexity and high NCSS
  • Redundant code - redundant if statement and useless parentheses
  • Code smells - long method and long parameter list
  • Bad practices - inverted logic and parameter reassignment

Get OCLint

You can get the latest version by building from source code or downloading pre-compiled binaries.


Installation

Both pre-compiled binary distribution and local build bundle should end up with an OCLint release with which file tree similar to this:

oclint-release
|-bin
|-lib
|---clang
|-----3.4
|-------include
|-------lib
|---oclint
|-----rules
|-----reporters

Even without installation, oclint is able to be invoked directly from bin directory now.

In order to ease the invocation, it’s recommended to add OCLint’s bin folder to system PATH, the environment variable that tells system which directories to search for executable files.

(即使没有安装,oclint能够直接从bin目录调用。 
为了缓解调用,它建议添加OCLint的bin文件夹到系统路径,环境变量,告诉系统目录来搜索可执行文件。)

Option 1: Directly Adding to PATH

Following code snippet is an example for the .bashrc or .bash_profile file that is sourced when terminal launches.

OCLINT_HOME=/path/to/oclint-release
export PATH=$OCLINT_HOME/bin:$PATH

Option 2: Copying OCLint to System PATH

A few directories are supposed to be in the system PATH already, to mention a few, /usr/local/bin/usr/bin/bin, etc. Therefore, it’s also possible to copy the OCLint binaries into one of these folders, and move the dependencies over. As an example, presumes /usr/local/bin is in the PATH (may require root permission).

  1. cp bin/oclint* /usr/local/bin/
  2. cp -rp lib/* /usr/local/lib/

Dependency libraries are required to be put into appropriate directory, because oclint executable searches $(/path/to/bin/oclint)/../lib/clang,$(/path/to/bin/oclint)/../lib/oclint/rules and $(/path/to/bin/oclint)/../lib/oclint/reporters for builtin headers and dynamic libraries by default.

Verifying Installation

Open a new terminal prompt, and execute oclint directly from there and expect message similar to below:

$ oclint
oclint: Not enough positional command line arguments specified!
Must specify at least 1 positional arguments: See: oclint -help

That’s it – if OCLint is pretty new to you, tutorial would lead you by applying the tool to a sample code, and explaining a few concepts along the way.

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