pytest 安装以及入门

基础环境

python 版本:

PS D:\report> python -V
Python 3.8.4rc1

安装pytest

PS D:\report> pip install -U pytest
Collecting pytest
  Downloading pytest-6.0.2-py3-none-any.whl (270 kB)
     |████████████████████████████████| 270 kB 731 kB/s
Requirement already satisfied, skipping upgrade: colorama; sys_platform == "win32" in d:\install\python38\lib\site-packages (from pytest) (0.4.3)
Collecting atomicwrites>=1.0; sys_platform == "win32"
Collecting iniconfig
  Downloading iniconfig-1.0.1-py3-none-any.whl (4.2 kB)
Collecting pluggy<1.0,>=0.12
  Downloading pluggy-0.13.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl (18 kB)
Collecting toml
  Downloading toml-0.10.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl (19 kB)
Collecting more-itertools>=4.0.0
  Downloading more_itertools-8.5.0-py3-none-any.whl (44 kB)
     |████████████████████████████████| 44 kB ...
Collecting attrs>=17.4.0
  Downloading attrs-20.2.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl (48 kB)
Collecting packaging
  Downloading packaging-20.4-py2.py3-none-any.whl (37 kB)
Collecting py>=1.8.2
  Downloading py-1.9.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl (99 kB)
     |████████████████████████████████| 99 kB 2.7 MB/s
Requirement already satisfied, skipping upgrade: six in d:\install\python38\lib\site-packages (from packaging->pytest) (1.15.0)
  Downloading pyparsing-2.4.7-py2.py3-none-any.whl (67 kB)
     |████████████████████████████████| 67 kB 2.8 MB/s
Installing collected packages: atomicwrites, iniconfig, pluggy, toml, more-itertools, attrs, pyparsing, packaging, py, pytest
Successfully installed atomicwrites-1.4.0 attrs-20.2.0 iniconfig-1.0.1 more-itertools-8.5.0 packaging-20.4 pluggy-0.13.1 py-1.9.0 pyparsing-2.4.7 pytest-6.0.2 toml-0.10.1

编写测试脚本

简单脚本

只是很简单的测试脚本，创建test_sample.py

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# @Time    : 2020/09/16
# @Author  : root@2honey
# @File    : test_sample.py

def func(x):
    return x + 1
def test_answer():
    assert func(3) == 5

类中多用例

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# @Time    : 2020/09/16
# @Author  : root@2honey
# @File    : test_sample.py

class TestClass(object):
    def test_one(self):
        x = "this"
        assert 'h' in x

    def test_two(self):
        x = "hello"
        assert hasattr(x, 'check')

使用fixture

说明：

fixture区别于unnitest的传统单元测试（setup/teardown）有显著改进：

1. 有独立的命名，并通过声明它们从测试函数、模块、类或整个项目中的使用来激活。

2. 按模块化的方式实现，每个fixture都可以互相调用。

3. fixture的范围从简单的单元测试到复杂的功能测试，可以对fixture配置参数，或者跨函数function，类class，模块module或整个测试session范围。

查看内置fixture

pytest --fixtures

使用自定义fixture

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# @Time    : 2020/09/16
# @Author  : root@2honey
# @File    : test_sample.py

import pytest

@pytest.fixture()
def test1():
    a = 'leo'
    return a


def test2(test1):
    assert test1 == 'leo'


if __name__ == '__main__':
    pytest.main('-q test_fixture.py')

---

以下是几条主的命名规则：

1. 测试文件应当命名为 test_.py或者_test.py
2. 测试函数、测试类方法应当命名为test_
3. 测试类应当命名为Test.