RobotFramework: 设置Case执行的搜索路径

在写Robot Framework 的Case时，我们一般采用的都是相对路径引用我们的lib以及其他资源文件，因此需要给Robot添加一个搜索路径，但是采用命令行和RIDE还有一些差别。

这里举例简单说明一下。

例如：

Import	Name/Path
library	libName.py

假如，你的lib库放在TestSuite的Libraries文件夹下，你希望通过把这个文件夹添加到PYTHONPATH环境变量中，让Robot在运行时能够能够查找到keyword的python库文件。

但是对于非lib库的具体的一些资源文件，最好是根据其功能分别保存在特定的文件路径下，需要写一个脚本设置Robot对应具体文件夹的全局环境变量。

具体方法：根据当前TestSuite文件所在路径，向上获取对应的资源文件路径，并且设置对应的环境变量。

下面用一个比较典型的例子说明：

加入你执行的Case需要的资源根据目录结构层次展开为多个文件夹，因此可以用一个python脚本来设置这些所需的环境变量，以便于Robot执行时所需。

（代码的显示格式是从MSDN参考过来的，看起来还不错。）

Python

import os
import os.path
import sys
import time
from robot.variables import GLOBAL_VARIABLES

class GlobalEnvSettings:
    def __init__(self):
        """
        GlobalEnvSettings: performs initial test environment setup

        Following global variables are set if corresponding folders exist:
        ${BUILD_ROOT} - path to the build ('C_Test' folder position)
        ${BUILD_BINARIES} - path to the build's binary files
        ${ENV_ROOT} - Robot test environment path
        ${ENV_LIBRARIES} - path to generic test env libraries
        ${ENV_TESTS} - path to test env tests
        ${ENV_VECTORS} - path to test vectors
        ${ENV_MESSAGES} - path to test env messages
        ${ENV_TEMPLATES} - path to test env message templates
        ${ENV_TESTLIBRARIES} - path to test specific libraries
        ${ENV_REPORTPATH} - path to the current report folder

        ENV_LIBRARIES and ENV_TESTLIBRARIES are added to the OS PATH environment variable
        so there is no need to add these paths while importing libraries
        """
        print "Setting up folders and paths"
        v_currentPath =  os.path.abspath(os.path.dirname(__file__))
        v_buildRootPos = v_currentPath.find("Test_Branch_1")
        if v_buildRootPos < 0:
            v_buildRootPos = v_currentPath.find("Test_Branch_2")
            if v_buildRootPos < 0:
                v_buildRootPos = v_currentPath.find("Test_Branch_3")
                if v_buildRootPos < 0:
                    v_buildRootPos = v_currentPath.find("Test_Branch_4")
                    if v_buildRootPos < 0:
                        v_buildRootPos = v_currentPath.find("Test_Branch_5")
                        
        if v_buildRootPos >= 0:
            v_buildRootPath = v_currentPath[:v_buildRootPos].rstrip("\\")
            GLOBAL_VARIABLES["${BUILD_ROOT}"] = v_buildRootPath
            print "Build root: '%s'" % v_buildRootPath
            v_binariesPath = v_buildRootPath + "\\SomePath\\Bin"
            if os.path.exists(v_binariesPath):
                GLOBAL_VARIABLES["${BUILD_BINARIES}"] = v_binariesPath
                print "Build's binaries folder: '%s'" % v_binariesPath
        else:
            raise Exception,'no directory found'
        
        v_testEnvPath = v_currentPath + "\\"
        v_testEnvRootPos = v_testEnvPath.rfind("\\Robot\\")
        if v_testEnvRootPos < 0:
            raise Exception,'no directory found'
        
        v_testEnvRootPos = v_testEnvPath.rfind("\\Robot\\")
        if v_testEnvRootPos >= 0:
            v_testEnvRootPath = v_testEnvPath[:v_testEnvRootPos] + "\\Robot"
            GLOBAL_VARIABLES["${ENV_ROOT}"] = v_testEnvRootPath
            print "Test environment root: '%s'" % v_testEnvRootPath
            v_librariesPath = v_testEnvRootPath + "\\Libraries"
            if os.path.exists(v_librariesPath):
                GLOBAL_VARIABLES["${ENV_LIBRARIES}"] = v_librariesPath
                print "Test environment global libraries folder: '%s'" % v_librariesPath
            v_testsPath = v_testEnvRootPath + "\\Tests"
            if os.path.exists(v_testsPath):
                GLOBAL_VARIABLES["${ENV_TESTS}"] = v_testsPath
                print "Test environment tests folder: '%s'" % v_testsPath
            v_vectorsPath = v_testEnvRootPath + "\\Vectors"
            if os.path.exists(v_vectorsPath):
                GLOBAL_VARIABLES["${ENV_VECTORS}"] = v_vectorsPath
                print "Test environment vectors folder: '%s'" % v_vectorsPath
            v_messagesPath = v_testEnvRootPath + "\\Messages"
            if os.path.exists(v_messagesPath):
                GLOBAL_VARIABLES["${ENV_MESSAGES}"] = v_messagesPath
                print "Test environment messages folder: '%s'" % v_messagesPath
                v_templatesPath = v_messagesPath + "\\Templates"
                if not os.path.exists(v_templatesPath):
                    os.mkdir(v_templatesPath)
                GLOBAL_VARIABLES["${ENV_TEMPLATES}"] = v_templatesPath
                print "Test environment message templates folder: '%s'" % v_templatesPath
            v_testsLibrariesPath = v_testsPath + "\\Libraries"
            if os.path.exists(v_testsLibrariesPath):
                GLOBAL_VARIABLES["${ENV_TESTLIBRARIES}"] = v_testsLibrariesPath
                print "Test environment test libraries folder: '%s'" % v_testsLibrariesPath
            v_testsResourcesPath = v_testsPath + "\\Resources"
            if os.path.exists(v_testsResourcesPath):
                GLOBAL_VARIABLES["${ENV_TESTRESOURCES}"] = v_testsResourcesPath
                print "Test environment test resources folder: '%s'" % v_testsResourcesPath
            if GLOBAL_VARIABLES.has_key("${LOG_FILE}"):
                v_reportPath = os.path.dirname(GLOBAL_VARIABLES["${LOG_FILE}"])
                GLOBAL_VARIABLES["${ENV_REPORTPATH}"] = v_reportPath
                print "Test environment reports folder: '%s'" % v_reportPath
            if v_librariesPath != "":
                sys.path.append(v_librariesPath)
            if v_testsLibrariesPath != "":
                sys.path.append(v_testsLibrariesPath)
        time.clock()


    def dummy_method(self):
        """
        Dummy method to avoid Robot warning that library has no keywords
        """
        pass
        

if __name__ == "__main__":
    k = GlobalEnvSettings()
    for i_gloVar in GLOBAL_VARIABLES.iteritems():
        print i_gloVar[0] + ":" + i_gloVar[1]

注释：

1.

__file__ is to be the “path” to the file unless the module is built-in (and thus listed in  sys.builtin_module_names) in which case the attribute is not set. If what is being imported is a package then  __path__ is to be set to a list of paths to be searched when looking for modules and packages contained within the package being imported. 

Python

import os
import os.path


print "Setting up folders and paths"
v_currentPath =  os.path.abspath(os.path.dirname(__file__))

print v_currentPath

需要注意的是，如果你直接在Python IDLE中运行该脚本，一定会提示运行失败，原因是：

NameError: name '__file__' is not defined

只有在命令行运行才能获取正确的路径结果。