Docker 命令

johnmand

已于 2022-02-08 17:13:03 修改

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文章标签： docker 容器运维

于 2022-01-28 16:41:32 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.youkuaiyun.com/johnmand/article/details/122733052

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本文详细介绍了Docker的各种命令，包括查询镜像、搜索镜像、拉取镜像、删除镜像、创建及管理容器，如启动、停止、重启、删除容器，以及查看日志和容器进程等操作，帮助读者掌握Docker的基本运维技能。

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docker version

docker --help

docker run --help

docker info

镜像命令

1.docker images #查询本地主机上所有的镜像

[root@localhost ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
hello-world latest feb5d9fea6a5 4 months ago 13.3kB
centos latest 5d0da3dc9764 4 months ago 231MB

2.docker images --help

3.docker images -aq #-q只显示ID

1.docker search --help

https://hub.docker.com上面也可以搜索镜像

[root@localhost ~]# docker search mysql
NAME                              DESCRIPTION                                     STARS     OFFICIAL   AUTOMATED
mysql                             MySQL is a widely used, open-source relation鈥  12028     [OK]       
mariadb                           MariaDB Server is a high performing open sou鈥  4607      [OK]       
mysql/mysql-server                Optimized MySQL Server Docker images. Create鈥  900                  [OK]
centos/mysql-57-centos7           MySQL 5.7 SQL database server                   92                   
mysql/mysql-cluster               Experimental MySQL Cluster Docker images. Cr鈥  92                   
centurylink/mysql                 Image containing mysql. Optimized to be link鈥  59                   [OK]
databack/mysql-backup             Back up mysql databases to... anywhere!         54                   
prom/mysqld-exporter                                                              46                   [OK]
deitch/mysql-backup               REPLACED! Please use http://hub.docker.com/r鈥  40                   [OK]
tutum/mysql                       Base docker image to run a MySQL database se鈥  35                   
linuxserver/mysql                 A Mysql container, brought to you by LinuxSe鈥  35                   
schickling/mysql-backup-s3        Backup MySQL to S3 (supports periodic backup鈥  31                   [OK]
mysql/mysql-router                MySQL Router provides transparent routing be鈥  23                   
centos/mysql-56-centos7           MySQL 5.6 SQL database server                   21                   
arey/mysql-client                 Run a MySQL client from a docker container      20                   [OK]
fradelg/mysql-cron-backup         MySQL/MariaDB database backup using cron tas鈥  18                   [OK]
yloeffler/mysql-backup            This image runs mysqldump to backup data usi鈥  7                    [OK]
openshift/mysql-55-centos7        DEPRECATED: A Centos7 based MySQL v5.5 image鈥  6                    
idoall/mysql                      MySQL is a widely used, open-source relation鈥  3                    [OK]
devilbox/mysql                    Retagged MySQL, MariaDB and PerconaDB offici鈥  3                    
ansibleplaybookbundle/mysql-apb   An APB which deploys RHSCL MySQL                3                    [OK]
centos/mysql-80-centos7           MySQL 8.0 SQL database server                   2                    
jelastic/mysql                    An image of the MySQL database server mainta鈥  2                    
widdpim/mysql-client              Dockerized MySQL Client (5.7) including Curl鈥  1                    [OK]
vitess/mysqlctld                  vitess/mysqlctld                                1                    [OK]

2.docker search mysql --filter

[root@localhost ~]# docker search mysql --filter=STARS=4000
NAME      DESCRIPTION                                     STARS     OFFICIAL   AUTOMATED
mysql     MySQL is a widely used, open-source relation鈥  12028     [OK]       
mariadb   MariaDB Server is a high performing open sou鈥  4607      [OK]

2.docker pull mysql ==docker pull docker.io/library/mysql:latest

[root@localhost ~]# docker pull mysql
Using default tag: latest                         #不写tag,默认下载最新的
latest: Pulling from library/mysql
72a69066d2fe: Pull complete                       #分层下载
93619dbc5b36: Pull complete 
99da31dd6142: Pull complete 
626033c43d70: Pull complete 
37d5d7efb64e: Pull complete 
ac563158d721: Pull complete 
d2ba16033dad: Pull complete 
688ba7d5c01a: Pull complete 
00e060b6d11d: Pull complete 
1c04857f594f: Pull complete 
4d7cfa90e6ea: Pull complete 
e0431212d27d: Pull complete 
Digest: sha256:e9027fe4d91c0153429607251656806cc784e914937271037f7738bd5b8e7709
Status: Downloaded newer image for mysql:latest
docker.io/library/mysql:latest                   #真实地址
[root@localhost ~]#

3.docker pull mysql:5.7 #指定版本，注意版本号一定要是官网上有的

[root@localhost ~]# docker pull mysql:5.7
5.7: Pulling from library/mysql
72a69066d2fe: Already exists 
93619dbc5b36: Already exists 
99da31dd6142: Already exists 
626033c43d70: Already exists 
37d5d7efb64e: Already exists 
ac563158d721: Already exists 
d2ba16033dad: Already exists 
0ceb82207cd7: Pull complete 
37f2405cae96: Pull complete 
e2482e017e53: Pull complete 
70deed891d42: Pull complete 
Digest: sha256:f2ad209efe9c67104167fc609cca6973c8422939491c9345270175a300419f94
Status: Downloaded newer image for mysql:5.7
docker.io/library/mysql:5.7
[root@localhost ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY    TAG       IMAGE ID       CREATED        SIZE
mysql         5.7       c20987f18b13   5 weeks ago    448MB
mysql         latest    3218b38490ce   5 weeks ago    516MB
hello-world   latest    feb5d9fea6a5   4 months ago   13.3kB
centos        latest    5d0da3dc9764   4 months ago   231MB

4.docker rmi(删除images) -f ID

[root@localhost ~]# docker rmi -f c20987f18b13   #删除mysql 5.7
Untagged: mysql:5.7
Untagged: mysql@sha256:f2ad209efe9c67104167fc609cca6973c8422939491c9345270175a300419f94
Deleted: sha256:c20987f18b130f9d144c9828df630417e2a9523148930dc3963e9d0dab302a76
Deleted: sha256:6567396b065ee734fb2dbb80c8923324a778426dfd01969f091f1ab2d52c7989
Deleted: sha256:0910f12649d514b471f1583a16f672ab67e3d29d9833a15dc2df50dd5536e40f
Deleted: sha256:6682af2fb40555c448b84711c7302d0f86fc716bbe9c7dc7dbd739ef9d757150
Deleted: sha256:5c062c3ac20f576d24454e74781511a5f96739f289edaadf2de934d06e910b92
[root@localhost ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY    TAG       IMAGE ID       CREATED        SIZE
mysql         latest    3218b38490ce   5 weeks ago    516MB
hello-world   latest    feb5d9fea6a5   4 months ago   13.3kB
centos        latest    5d0da3dc9764   4 months ago   231MB
[root@localhost ~]#

5.docker rmi -f $(docker images -qa) #全部删除镜像 docker images展示所有images

容器命令

1.docker pull centos

2.docker run --help #启动容器

--name="name" 容器名字 tomcat01 tomcat02

-d 后台方式运行

-it 交互式进入容器

-p 指定容器端口，

主机端口：容器端口（常用）

容器端口

ip:主机端口：容器端口

-P 随机指定容器端口

3.docker run -it centos /bin/bash ;启动并进去容器centos

[root@localhost ~]# docker run -it centos /bin/bash
[root@e14d4a35c80b /]# 
[root@e14d4a35c80b /]# 
[root@e14d4a35c80b /]# 
[root@e14d4a35c80b /]# cat /etc/os-release 
NAME="CentOS Linux"
VERSION="8"
ID="centos"
ID_LIKE="rhel fedora"
VERSION_ID="8"
PLATFORM_ID="platform:el8"
PRETTY_NAME="CentOS Linux 8"
ANSI_COLOR="0;31"
CPE_NAME="cpe:/o:centos:centos:8"
HOME_URL="https://centos.org/"
BUG_REPORT_URL="https://bugs.centos.org/"
CENTOS_MANTISBT_PROJECT="CentOS-8"
CENTOS_MANTISBT_PROJECT_VERSION="8"
[root@e14d4a35c80b /]#

4.docker ps #展示当前正在运行的容器

docker ps

-a #展示正在运行或者以前运行过的容器

-n=? #显示的个数

-q #只显示容器的标号

[root@localhost ~]# docker ps               #当前没有在运行的
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND   CREATED   STATUS    PORTS     NAMES
[root@localhost ~]# docker ps -a            #以前运行过的
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE         COMMAND       CREATED         STATUS                        PORTS     NAMES
e14d4a35c80b   centos        "/bin/bash"   2 minutes ago   Exited (130) 56 seconds ago             interesting_bardeen
c1d26ff55f14   centos        "/bin/bash"   15 hours ago    Exited (0) 15 hours ago                 keen_payne
5365c82423ff   hello-world   "/hello"      19 hours ago    Exited (0) 19 hours ago                 clever_ritchie
[root@localhost ~]# 
[root@localhost ~]# docker ps -n 2           #只展示最近运行的容器
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND       CREATED         STATUS                            PORTS     NAMES
e14d4a35c80b   centos    "/bin/bash"   3 minutes ago   Exited (130) About a minute ago             interesting_bardeen
c1d26ff55f14   centos    "/bin/bash"   15 hours ago    Exited (0) 15 hours ago                     keen_payne

5.退出容器

exit #直接停止并且退出

ctrl + p +q #退出但是保持运行

[root@localhost ~]# docker run -it centos /bin/bash 
[root@13c36870224f /]# [root@localhost ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND       CREATED          STATUS          PORTS     NAMES
13c36870224f   centos    "/bin/bash"   20 seconds ago   Up 20 seconds             objective_lamarr
[root@localhost ~]#   #ctrl+p+q以后，退出来，centos还在运行

6.docker rm 容器ID #删除指定的容器，正在运行的不能删除

[root@localhost ~]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE         COMMAND       CREATED              STATUS                       PORTS     NAMES
13c36870224f   centos        "/bin/bash"   About a minute ago   Up About a minute                      objective_lamarr
e14d4a35c80b   centos        "/bin/bash"   5 minutes ago        Exited (130) 4 minutes ago             interesting_bardeen
c1d26ff55f14   centos        "/bin/bash"   15 hours ago         Exited (0) 15 hours ago                keen_payne
5365c82423ff   hello-world   "/hello"      19 hours ago         Exited (0) 19 hours ago                clever_ritchie
[root@localhost ~]# docker rm e14d4a35c80b
e14d4a35c80b
[root@localhost ~]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE         COMMAND       CREATED         STATUS                    PORTS     NAMES
13c36870224f   centos        "/bin/bash"   2 minutes ago   Up 2 minutes                        objective_lamarr
c1d26ff55f14   centos        "/bin/bash"   15 hours ago    Exited (0) 15 hours ago             keen_payne
5365c82423ff   hello-world   "/hello"      19 hours ago    Exited (0) 19 hours ago             clever_ritchie
[root@localhost ~]#

docker rm -f 容器ID 容器ID 容器ID #可以删除正在运行的容器

docker ps -a -q | xargs docker rm

启动和停止容器的操作

docker start #启动容器

docker restart #重启容器

docker stop #停止正在运行的容器

[root@localhost ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND       CREATED         STATUS         PORTS     NAMES
13c36870224f   centos    "/bin/bash"   3 minutes ago   Up 3 minutes             objective_lamarr
[root@localhost ~]# 
[root@localhost ~]# 
[root@localhost ~]# docker stop 13c36870224f
13c36870224f
[root@localhost ~]# docker ps  
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND   CREATED   STATUS    PORTS     NAMES
[root@localhost ~]# 
[root@localhost ~]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE         COMMAND                  CREATED              STATUS                      PORTS     NAMES
90d02b1d184f   mysql         "docker-entrypoint.s鈥   About a minute ago   Exited (1) 42 seconds ago             practical_burnell
13c36870224f   centos        "/bin/bash"              6 minutes ago        Exited (0) 2 minutes ago              objective_lamarr
c1d26ff55f14   centos        "/bin/bash"              15 hours ago         Exited (0) 15 hours ago               keen_payne
5365c82423ff   hello-world   "/hello"                 19 hours ago         Exited (0) 2 minutes ago              clever_ritchie
[root@localhost ~]# docker start c1d26ff55f14
c1d26ff55f14
[root@localhost ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND       CREATED        STATUS         PORTS     NAMES
c1d26ff55f14   centos    "/bin/bash"   15 hours ago   Up 2 seconds             keen_payne

docker kill #强制停止运行的容器

常用其他命令

后台启动容器 docker run -d，

1.docker run -d centos

docker run -d centos /bin/sh -c "while true;do echo kuangshen;sleep 1;done"

2.docker ps发现有没有centos

#后台运行的容器，一定要有前台进程，docker发现没有应用就会停止这个容器。

查看日志命令

1.docker logs --help;

-t 时间戳显示，

--tail num显示的行数

-f 打印logs

[root@localhost ~]# docker logs --help

Usage:  docker logs [OPTIONS] CONTAINER

Fetch the logs of a container

Options:
      --details        Show extra details provided to logs
  -f, --follow         Follow log output
      --since string   Show logs since timestamp (e.g. 2013-01-02T13:23:37Z) or relative (e.g. 42m for 42 minutes)
  -n, --tail string    Number of lines to show from the end of the logs (default "all")
  -t, --timestamps     Show timestamps
      --until string   Show logs before a timestamp (e.g. 2013-01-02T13:23:37Z) or relative (e.g. 42m for 42 minutes)

[root@localhost ~]# docker ps                            
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND       CREATED        STATUS         PORTS     NAMES
c1d26ff55f14   centos    "/bin/bash"   15 hours ago   Up 4 minutes             keen_payne
[root@localhost ~]# docker logs -f -t --tail 10 c1d26ff55f14
2022-01-27T22:26:39.487890153Z PLATFORM_ID="platform:el8"
2022-01-27T22:26:39.487892499Z PRETTY_NAME="CentOS Linux 8"
2022-01-27T22:26:39.487894767Z ANSI_COLOR="0;31"
2022-01-27T22:26:39.487897095Z CPE_NAME="cpe:/o:centos:centos:8"
2022-01-27T22:26:39.487899431Z HOME_URL="https://centos.org/"
2022-01-27T22:26:39.487901773Z BUG_REPORT_URL="https://bugs.centos.org/"
2022-01-27T22:26:39.487904175Z CENTOS_MANTISBT_PROJECT="CentOS-8"
2022-01-27T22:26:39.487906578Z CENTOS_MANTISBT_PROJECT_VERSION="8"
2022-01-27T22:28:09.774484716Z [root@c1d26ff55f14 /]# exit               
2022-01-27T22:28:09.774516022Z exit

查看容器内容的进程信息

[root@localhost ~]# docker top c1d26ff55f14
UID                 PID                 PPID                C                   STIME               TTY                 TIME                CMD
root                3026                3009                0                   21:45               pts/0               00:00:00            /bin/bash
[root@localhost ~]#

查看容器的元数据

[root@localhost ~]# docker inspect --help

Usage:  docker inspect [OPTIONS] NAME|ID [NAME|ID...]

Return low-level information on Docker objects

Options:
  -f, --format string   Format the output using the given Go template
  -s, --size            Display total file sizes if the type is container
      --type string     Return JSON for specified type
[root@localhost ~]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE         COMMAND                  CREATED          STATUS                      PORTS     NAMES
90d02b1d184f   mysql         "docker-entrypoint.s鈥   14 minutes ago   Exited (1) 13 minutes ago             practical_burnell
13c36870224f   centos        "/bin/bash"              19 minutes ago   Exited (0) 15 minutes ago             objective_lamarr
c1d26ff55f14   centos        "/bin/bash"              16 hours ago     Up 13 minutes                         keen_payne
5365c82423ff   hello-world   "/hello"                 19 hours ago     Exited (0) 15 minutes ago             clever_ritchie
[root@localhost ~]# docker inspect c1d26ff55f14
[
    {
        "Id": "c1d26ff55f1423ba63419ed1aa16c76c1873a24929a75b2f36909796f83b5145",
        "Created": "2022-01-27T22:25:11.445361099Z",
        "Path": "/bin/bash",
        "Args": [],
        "State": {
            "Status": "running",
            "Running": true,
            "Paused": false,
            "Restarting": false,
            "OOMKilled": false,
            "Dead": false,
            "Pid": 3026,
            "ExitCode": 0,
            "Error": "",
            "StartedAt": "2022-01-28T13:45:15.940506596Z",
            "FinishedAt": "2022-01-27T22:28:09.774810505Z"
        },
        "Image": "sha256:5d0da3dc976460b72c77d94c8a1ad043720b0416bfc16c52c45d4847e53fadb6",
        "ResolvConfPath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/c1d26ff55f1423ba63419ed1aa16c76c1873a24929a75b2f36909796f83b5145/resolv.conf",
        "HostnamePath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/c1d26ff55f1423ba63419ed1aa16c76c1873a24929a75b2f36909796f83b5145/hostname",
        "HostsPath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/c1d26ff55f1423ba63419ed1aa16c76c1873a24929a75b2f36909796f83b5145/hosts",
        "LogPath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/c1d26ff55f1423ba63419ed1aa16c76c1873a24929a75b2f36909796f83b5145/c1d26ff55f1423ba63419ed1aa16c76c1873a24929a75b2f36909796f83b5145-json.log",
        "Name": "/keen_payne",
        "RestartCount": 0,
        "Driver": "overlay2",
        "Platform": "linux",
        "MountLabel": "",
        "ProcessLabel": "",
        "AppArmorProfile": "",
        "ExecIDs": null,
        "HostConfig": {
            "Binds": null,
            "ContainerIDFile": "",
            "LogConfig": {
                "Type": "json-file",
                "Config": {}
            },
            "NetworkMode": "default",
            "PortBindings": {},
            "RestartPolicy": {
                "Name": "no",
                "MaximumRetryCount": 0
            },
            "AutoRemove": false,
            "VolumeDriver": "",
            "VolumesFrom": null,
            "CapAdd": null,
            "CapDrop": null,
            "CgroupnsMode": "host",
            "Dns": [],
            "DnsOptions": [],
            "DnsSearch": [],
            "ExtraHosts": null,
            "GroupAdd": null,
            "IpcMode": "private",
            "Cgroup": "",
            "Links": null,
            "OomScoreAdj": 0,
            "PidMode": "",
            "Privileged": false,
            "PublishAllPorts": false,
            "ReadonlyRootfs": false,
            "SecurityOpt": null,
            "UTSMode": "",
            "UsernsMode": "",
            "ShmSize": 67108864,
            "Runtime": "runc",
            "ConsoleSize": [
                0,
                0
            ],
            "Isolation": "",
            "CpuShares": 0,
            "Memory": 0,
            "NanoCpus": 0,
            "CgroupParent": "",
            "BlkioWeight": 0,
            "BlkioWeightDevice": [],
            "BlkioDeviceReadBps": null,
            "BlkioDeviceWriteBps": null,
            "BlkioDeviceReadIOps": null,
            "BlkioDeviceWriteIOps": null,
            "CpuPeriod": 0,
            "CpuQuota": 0,
            "CpuRealtimePeriod": 0,
            "CpuRealtimeRuntime": 0,
            "CpusetCpus": "",
            "CpusetMems": "",
            "Devices": [],
            "DeviceCgroupRules": null,
            "DeviceRequests": null,
            "KernelMemory": 0,
            "KernelMemoryTCP": 0,
            "MemoryReservation": 0,
            "MemorySwap": 0,
            "MemorySwappiness": null,
            "OomKillDisable": false,
            "PidsLimit": null,
            "Ulimits": null,
            "CpuCount": 0,
            "CpuPercent": 0,
            "IOMaximumIOps": 0,
            "IOMaximumBandwidth": 0,
            "MaskedPaths": [
                "/proc/asound",
                "/proc/acpi",
                "/proc/kcore",
                "/proc/keys",
                "/proc/latency_stats",
                "/proc/timer_list",
                "/proc/timer_stats",
                "/proc/sched_debug",
                "/proc/scsi",
                "/sys/firmware"
            ],
            "ReadonlyPaths": [
                "/proc/bus",
                "/proc/fs",
                "/proc/irq",
                "/proc/sys",
                "/proc/sysrq-trigger"
            ]
        },
        "GraphDriver": {
            "Data": {
                "LowerDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/2334ef40b9078530d45b7342173665c5d7b55403ceeb0b2d309c071b019b898f-init/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/de570bcebe115a83e2db6a1b68d2c3abdffc0d8f9d36bc8bb138b12b3e3278b7/diff",
                "MergedDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/2334ef40b9078530d45b7342173665c5d7b55403ceeb0b2d309c071b019b898f/merged",
                "UpperDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/2334ef40b9078530d45b7342173665c5d7b55403ceeb0b2d309c071b019b898f/diff",
                "WorkDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/2334ef40b9078530d45b7342173665c5d7b55403ceeb0b2d309c071b019b898f/work"
            },
            "Name": "overlay2"
        },
        "Mounts": [],
        "Config": {
            "Hostname": "c1d26ff55f14",
            "Domainname": "",
            "User": "",
            "AttachStdin": true,
            "AttachStdout": true,
            "AttachStderr": true,
            "Tty": true,
            "OpenStdin": true,
            "StdinOnce": true,
            "Env": [
                "PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin"
            ],
            "Cmd": [
                "/bin/bash"
            ],
            "Image": "centos",
            "Volumes": null,
            "WorkingDir": "",
            "Entrypoint": null,
            "OnBuild": null,
            "Labels": {
                "org.label-schema.build-date": "20210915",
                "org.label-schema.license": "GPLv2",
                "org.label-schema.name": "CentOS Base Image",
                "org.label-schema.schema-version": "1.0",
                "org.label-schema.vendor": "CentOS"
            }
        },
        "NetworkSettings": {
            "Bridge": "",
            "SandboxID": "ccf263ab728ae3bb8aa97a9c7dde57f61fc543f348fe7159c1cbc5711be4b70c",
            "HairpinMode": false,
            "LinkLocalIPv6Address": "",
            "LinkLocalIPv6PrefixLen": 0,
            "Ports": {},
            "SandboxKey": "/var/run/docker/netns/ccf263ab728a",
            "SecondaryIPAddresses": null,
            "SecondaryIPv6Addresses": null,
            "EndpointID": "a67f6570f6774f650bac75dcf665b7d252d7eacae17471701c31df7481199ff6",
            "Gateway": "172.17.0.1",
            "GlobalIPv6Address": "",
            "GlobalIPv6PrefixLen": 0,
            "IPAddress": "172.17.0.2",
            "IPPrefixLen": 16,
            "IPv6Gateway": "",
            "MacAddress": "02:42:ac:11:00:02",
            "Networks": {
                "bridge": {
                    "IPAMConfig": null,
                    "Links": null,
                    "Aliases": null,
                    "NetworkID": "65f61d1d236de31ba89654b1cb9e718394a8cc60a678e0f98528576b140cba89",
                    "EndpointID": "a67f6570f6774f650bac75dcf665b7d252d7eacae17471701c31df7481199ff6",
                    "Gateway": "172.17.0.1",
                    "IPAddress": "172.17.0.2",
                    "IPPrefixLen": 16,
                    "IPv6Gateway": "",
                    "GlobalIPv6Address": "",
                    "GlobalIPv6PrefixLen": 0,
                    "MacAddress": "02:42:ac:11:00:02",
                    "DriverOpts": null
                }
            }
        }
    }
]

进入当前正在运行的容器

方式一

docker exec -it 容器ID bashshell #进入容器后开启新的终端

[root@localhost ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND       CREATED        STATUS          PORTS     NAMES
c1d26ff55f14   centos    "/bin/bash"   16 hours ago   Up 16 minutes             keen_payne
[root@localhost ~]# docker exec -it c1d26ff55f14 /bin/bash
[root@c1d26ff55f14 /]#

方式二

docker attach it 容器ID bashshell #进入容器正在执行的终端，不会启动新的终端

[root@localhost ~]# docker attach --help

Usage:  docker attach [OPTIONS] CONTAINER

Attach local standard input, output, and error streams to a running container

Options:
      --detach-keys string   Override the key sequence for detaching a container
      --no-stdin             Do not attach STDIN
      --sig-proxy            Proxy all received signals to the process (default true)
[root@localhost ~]# docker attach c1d26ff55f14
[root@c1d26ff55f14 /]#

从容器内拷贝文件到主机

docker cp 容器ID:容器内的地址目的地址

步骤容器内新建一个文件，然后把它拷贝出来

只要数据在，容器停止了，这个文件也不会消失

docker cp id:/home/test.java /home ;即使容器停止了，也可以拷贝出来。