c# lock用法

最新推荐文章于 2025-02-07 14:18:13 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2025-02-07 14:18:13 发布

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本文介绍了一个使用C#实现的账户类(Account)，该类通过定义私有锁定对象(thisLock)确保了在多线程环境下进行存款和取款操作的安全性。文章通过示例代码展示了如何正确地使用锁(lock)机制来防止并发访问导致的数据不一致问题。

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通常，应避免锁定 public 类型，否则实例将超出代码的控制范围;

最佳做法是定义 private 对象来锁定, 或 private static 对象变量来保护所有实例所共有的数据。

using System;
using Microsoft.VisualStudio.TestTools.UnitTesting;
using System.Threading;

namespace ZaZhi.Core.Test
{

class Account {
private object thisLock = new object();
int balance;
Random r = new Random();

public Account(int initial) {
balance = initial;
}

int Withdraw(int amount) {
if (balance < 0)
{
throw new Exception("Negative Balance");
}

lock (thisLock)
{
if (balance >= amount)
{
Console.WriteLine("Balance before Withdrawal : " + balance);
Console.WriteLine("Amount to Withdraw : -" + amount);
balance = balance - amount;
Console.WriteLine("Balance after Withdrawal : " + balance);
return amount;
}
else {
Console.WriteLine("return 0;");
return 0; }
}
}

public void DrawTransactions()
{

for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++)
{
Withdraw(r.Next(1, 100));
}
Console.WriteLine("睡一会{0}", Thread.CurrentThread.ManagedThreadId);
Thread.Sleep(10);
Console.WriteLine("结束{0}",Thread.CurrentThread.ManagedThreadId);
}
}

[TestClass]
public class UnitTest3
{
[TestMethod]
public void TestMethod1()
{
Thread[] threads = new Thread[10];
Account account = new Account(1000);

for (int i=0;i<10;i++)
{
Thread t = new Thread(new ThreadStart(account.DrawTransactions));
//Thread t = new Thread(account.DrawTransactions);
threads[i] = t;
}
for (int i=0;i<10;i++)
{
threads[i].Start();
}
Console.WriteLine("主线程结束");

}
}
}