【Java+Selenium（2）】---- 启动FireFox

一. 简介

     本文介绍用 Java + selenium 实现启动和关闭 FireFox 浏览器。Selenium 主要用于测试 web 项目。所以首先要掌握打开和关闭浏览器。本篇文章先介绍一下启动FireFox。

二. 启动FireFox

     直接看代码吧，稍后解释

package selenium_pro1;

import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;

public class LaunchFireFox {

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		System.out.println("start selenium");
		//初始化FireFox浏览器实例
		WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver(); 
		//最大化窗口  
        driver.manage().window().maximize();  
        //设置隐性等待时间  
        driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(8, TimeUnit.SECONDS); 
        //打开一个站点
		driver.get("http://www.baidu.com/"); 
		//获取当前页面的标题
		System.out.println("当前打开页面的标题是：" + driver.getTitle());
		//关闭浏览器
		driver.close();
		System.out.println("end selenium");
	}

} 

运行结果：

start selenium
Exception in thread "main" org.openqa.selenium.WebDriverException: Cannot find firefox binary in PATH. Make sure firefox is installed. OS appears to be: WIN10
Build info: version: '3.8.1', revision: '6e95a6684b', time: '2017-12-01T18:33:54.468Z'
System info: host: 'DESKTOP-90TCCQ8', ip: '192.168.1.185', os.name: 'Windows 10', os.arch: 'amd64', os.version: '10.0', java.version: '1.8.0_74'
Driver info: driver.version: FirefoxDriver
	at org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxBinary.<init>(FirefoxBinary.java:116)
	at java.util.Optional.orElseGet(Optional.java:267)
	at org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxOptions.getBinary(FirefoxOptions.java:218)
	at org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver.toExecutor(FirefoxDriver.java:155)
	at org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver.<init>(FirefoxDriver.java:120)
	at org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver.<init>(FirefoxDriver.java:98)
	at selenium_pro1.LaunchFireFox.main(LaunchFireFox.java:15)

出现了异常：找不到火狐浏览器的路径。所以需要设置火狐浏览器路径，用

System.setProperty ("webdriver.firefox.bin" , "D:\\Program Files (x86)\\Mozilla Firefox\\firefox.exe" );

再次运行，运行结果：

start selenium
Exception in thread "main" java.lang.IllegalStateException: The path to the driver executable must be set by the webdriver.gecko.driver system property; for more information, see https://github.com/mozilla/geckodriver. The latest version can be downloaded from https://github.com/mozilla/geckodriver/releases
	at com.google.common.base.Preconditions.checkState(Preconditions.java:754)
	at org.openqa.selenium.remote.service.DriverService.findExecutable(DriverService.java:124)
	at org.openqa.selenium.firefox.GeckoDriverService.access$100(GeckoDriverService.java:41)
	at org.openqa.selenium.firefox.GeckoDriverService$Builder.findDefaultExecutable(GeckoDriverService.java:141)
	at org.openqa.selenium.remote.service.DriverService$Builder.build(DriverService.java:339)
	at org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver.toExecutor(FirefoxDriver.java:158)
	at org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver.<init>(FirefoxDriver.java:120)
	at org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver.<init>(FirefoxDriver.java:98)
	at selenium_pro1.LaunchFireFox.main(LaunchFireFox.java:16)
 

再次出现异常，问题是没有安装geckodriver。解决方法：打开 https://github.com/mozilla/geckodriver/releases  下载与系统相对性一个Windows 版本的 geckodriver 。解压，并把 geckodriver.exe 放在 D:\selenium 下。并在代码最首加入设置geckodriver.exe 路径的代码。

System.setProperty("webdriver.gecko.driver", "D:\\selenium\\geckodriver.exe");

运行成功，结果如下：

三. 总结

（1）启动火狐浏览器需要首先设置 FireFox 安装路径 与 geckodriver 路径  并初始化浏览器。

（2）浏览器启动需要一定的时间，所以需要设置等待时间，等浏览器完全加载，在输入地址。

（3）driver.get(); 打开一个站点。

（4）driver.close(); 关闭浏览器。