TIOBE Programming Community Index for October 2009
October Headline: Objective-C is on its way to the top 10
The TIOBE Programming Community index gives an indication of the popularity of programming languages. The index is updated once a month. The ratings are based on the number of skilled engineers world-wide, courses and third party vendors. The popular search engines Google, MSN, Yahoo!, Wikipedia and YouTube are used to calculate the ratings. Observe that the TIOBE index is not about the best programming language or the language in which most lines of code have been written.
The index can be used to check whether your programming skills are still up to date or to make a strategic decision about what programming language should be adopted when starting to build a new software system. The definition of the TIOBE index can be found here.
| Position Oct 2009 | Position Oct 2008 | Delta in Position | Programming Language | Ratings Oct 2009 | Delta Oct 2008 | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 1 |  | Java | 18.718% | -2.23% | A |
| 2 | 2 | | C | 16.891% | +1.33% | A |
| 3 | 5 |  | PHP | 10.390% | +1.78% | A |
| 4 | 3 |  | C++ | 9.911% | -1.04% | A |
| 5 | 4 | | (Visual) Basic | 8.729% | -1.08% | A |
| 6 | 8 | | C# | 4.433% | +0.67% | A |
| 7 | 6 | | Python | 3.914% | -0.65% | A |
| 8 | 7 | | Perl | 3.776% | -0.64% | A |
| 9 | 11 | | JavaScript | 3.033% | +0.36% | A |
| 10 | 10 | | Ruby | 2.458% | -0.40% | A |
| 11 | 9 | | Delphi | 2.140% | -1.15% | A |
| 12 | 13 | | PL/SQL | 1.020% | 0.00% | A |
| 13 | 49 | | Objective-C | 0.902% | +0.82% | A-- |
| 14 | 14 | | SAS | 0.805% | +0.21% | A |
| 15 | 16 | | Pascal | 0.669% | +0.15% | A- |
| 16 | 20 | | ABAP | 0.661% | +0.22% | A- |
| 17 | 19 | | Lisp/Scheme | 0.605% | +0.12% | B |
| 18 | 22 | | MATLAB | 0.577% | +0.17% | B |
| 19 | 12 | | D | 0.570% | -0.76% | B |
| 20 | 15 | | Lua | 0.527% | -0.02% | B |
Long term trends
The long term trends for the top 10 programming languages can be found in the line diagram below.
Other programming languages
The complete top 50 of programming languages is listed below. This overview is published unofficially, because it could be the case that we missed a language. If you have the impression there is a programming language lacking, please notify us at tpci@tiobe.com.
| Position | Programming Language | Ratings |
|---|---|---|
| 21 | RPG (OS/400) | 0.508% |
| 22 | ActionScript | 0.465% |
| 23 | COBOL | 0.450% |
| 24 | Transact-SQL | 0.406% |
| 25 | FoxPro/xBase | 0.402% |
| 26 | Fortran | 0.383% |
| 27 | Logo | 0.368% |
| 28 | Scratch | 0.306% |
| 29 | Ada | 0.306% |
| 30 | Alice | 0.303% |
| 31 | S-lang | 0.295% |
| 32 | PowerShell | 0.269% |
| 33 | Prolog | 0.263% |
| 34 | Scala | 0.240% |
| 35 | NXT-G | 0.237% |
| 36 | LabWindows/CVI | 0.226% |
| 37 | Tcl/Tk | 0.225% |
| 38 | Erlang | 0.219% |
| 39 | J | 0.213% |
| 40 | Awk | 0.196% |
| 41 | Haskell | 0.184% |
| 42 | ML | 0.180% |
| 43 | MAX/MSP | 0.178% |
| 44 | JavaFX Script | 0.177% |
| 45 | Smalltalk | 0.174% |
| 46 | Focus | 0.168% |
| 47 | PL/I | 0.166% |
| 48 | LabVIEW | 0.162% |
| 49 | Falcon | 0.161% |
| 50 | Forth | 0.151% |
The Next 50 Programming Languages
The following list of languages denotes #51 to #100. Since the differences are relatively small, the programming languages are only listed (in alphabetical order).
- ABC, AD, Algol, Alpha, APL, Applescript, Beta, Boo, Bourne shell, C shell, Caml/F#, cg, CL (OS/400), Clean, Clojure, Cobra, cT, Curl, Euphoria, Factor, Fan, Groovy, Icon, IDL, Inform, Informix-4GL, Lingo, MAD, Mathematica, Modula-2, Modula-3, MOO, MUMPS, Natural, Occam, Oz, PowerBuilder, Progress, Q, R, REALbasic, Revolution, REXX, SIGNAL, SPSS, SuperCollider, VBScript, Verilog, VHDL, XSLT
October Newsflash - Brought to you by Paul Jansen
- This month the following changes have been made to the definition of the index:
- Until now we also kept track of all kinds of versions of programming languages such as "VB6", "VB7", "Visual Basic 2008". Since adding these versions has hardly any influence, costs a lot of maintenance and increases the number of search engine queries unnecessarily, we decided to remove these from the groupings. This was an idea that has been initiated by Christoph Hausner
- Scilab and Octave have been added to the MATLAB grouping (thanks to Klaus Rohe)
- IronLisp and IronScheme have been added to the Lisp/Scheme grouping (thanks to Christoph Hausner)
- F-Sharp, F Sharp and FSharp have been added to the Caml/F# grouping (also thanks to Christoph Hausner)
- To see the bigger picture, please find the positions of the top 10 programming languages from 4, 10 and 25 years ago in the table below.
Programming Language Position
Oct 2009Position
Oct 2005Position
Oct 1999Position
Oct 1984Java 1 1 5 - C 2 2 1 1 PHP 3 4 - - C++ 4 3 2 11 (Visual) Basic 5 6 4 4 C# 6 7 21 - Python 7 8 25 - Perl 8 5 7 - JavaScript 9 9 15 - Ruby 10 24 - - - The previous winners of the "Language of the Year" award are shown below.
Year Winner 2008 C 2007 Python 2006 Ruby 2005 Java 2004 PHP 2003 C++ - In the tables below some long term trends are listed about categories of languages. The object-oriented paradigm won 0.6% to procedural and functional languages in one month's time. The popularity of dynamically typed languages seems to stabilize (see trend diagram below).
Category Ratings Oct 2009 Delta Oct 2008 Object-Oriented Languages 53.3% -3.7% Procedural Languages 42.5% +3.0% Functional Languages 2.7% +0.4% Logical Languages 1.4% +0.2%
Category Ratings Oct 2009 Delta Oct 2008 Statically Typed Languages 58.5% -1.4% Dynamically Typed Languages 41.7% +1.4% 
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