Flink on Kubernetes (flink-operator) 部署Flink

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原创 2025-10-30 11:41:27 1.9k 阅读 AI 写同款· GEO 优化 ›

Flink Kubernetes Operator 介绍 Flink Kubernetes Operator是一种强大而灵活的工具，简化了在Kubernetes上部署和管理Flink集群的复杂性，让开发人员和运维团队能够更专注于业务逻辑而非基础设施的细节。通过使用Operator，可以更轻松地管理Flink作业的生命周期，并根据负载的需求自动调整集群规模，使得在 Kubernetes 上运行 Flink 应用程序变得更加方便和可靠。阅读详情

flink on k8s 官网

https://nightlies.apache.org/flink/flink-kubernetes-operator-docs-release-1.1/docs/try-flink-kubernetes-operator/quick-start/
我的部署脚本和官网不一样，有些地方官网不够详细

部署k8s集群

注意，按照默认配置至少有两台worker

安装helm

https://helm.sh/zh/docs/intro/install/

安装flink opreator

kubectl create -f https://github.com/jetstack/cert-manager/releases/download/v1.8.2/cert-manager.yaml
helm repo add flink-operator-repo https://downloads.apache.org/flink/flink-kubernetes-operator-1.1.0/
helm install flink-kubernetes-operator flink-operator-repo/flink-kubernetes-operator -n flink

安装完成后，资源如下

[root@k8s1 flinkinstall]# helm list -n flink
NAME                            NAMESPACE       REVISION        UPDATED                                 STATUS          CHART                           APP VERSION
flink-kubernetes-operator       flink           1               2024-03-07 16:57:48.374299701 +0800 CST deployed        flink-kubernetes-operator-1.7.0 1.7.0 
[root@k8s1 flinkinstall]# kubectl get all -A
NAMESPACE              NAME                                             READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE
cert-manager           pod/cert-manager-66b646d76-gkw55                 1/1     Running   1          2d2h
cert-manager           pod/cert-manager-cainjector-59dc9659c7-pkgrm     1/1     Running   1          2d2h
cert-manager           pod/cert-manager-webhook-7f7787f7fd-wd5vv        1/1     Running   1          2d2h
flink                  pod/flink-kubernetes-operator-857d48ff65-45mg2   2/2     Running   6          5d20h

NAMESPACE              NAME                                     TYPE        CLUSTER-IP        EXTERNAL-IP   PORT(S)                  AGE
cert-manager           service/cert-manager                     ClusterIP   192.178.138.19    <none>        9402/TCP                 2d2h
cert-manager           service/cert-manager-webhook             ClusterIP   192.178.130.219   <none>        443/TCP                  2d2h
flink                  service/flink-operator-webhook-service   ClusterIP   192.178.139.67    <none>        443/TCP                  5d20h

NAMESPACE              NAME                                        READY   UP-TO-DATE   AVAILABLE   AGE
cert-manager           deployment.apps/cert-manager                1/1     1            1           2d2h
cert-manager           deployment.apps/cert-manager-cainjector     1/1     1            1           2d2h
cert-manager           deployment.apps/cert-manager-webhook        1/1     1            1           2d2h
flink                  deployment.apps/flink-kubernetes-operator   1/1     1            1           5d20h

NAMESPACE              NAME                                                   DESIRED   CURRENT   READY   AGE
cert-manager           replicaset.apps/cert-manager-66b646d76                 1         1         1       2d2h
cert-manager           replicaset.apps/cert-manager-cainjector-59dc9659c7     1         1         1       2d2h
cert-manager           replicaset.apps/cert-manager-webhook-7f7787f7fd        1         1         1       2d2h
flink                  replicaset.apps/flink-kubernetes-operator-857d48ff65   1         1         1       5d20h

此时k8s集群就可以支持我们按照flink-opreator的指定格式提交flink任务了

提交flink任务

session模式与application模式区别在于资源隔离度

session模式： jobmanager预先启动，随时准备接收flink jar，启动taskmanager，flink任务结束后jobmanager不退出，所有flink任务共享同一个jobmanager，资源隔离差，某个flink任务导致jobmanager异常，会影响到其他flink任务，小任务，不在乎异常情况可以用
application模式：每次提交flink任务才会启动一个jobmanger，flink任务结束后，jobmanager也退出，隔离效果好，生产常用
per-job模式：这个模式与application模式类似，区别在于client的运行位置，但是新版的flink已经删除了这种提交方式

这里是flink on yarn的运行模式
https://blog.youkuaiyun.com/java_creatMylief/article/details/126172793

application模式

apiVersion: flink.apache.org/v1beta1
kind: FlinkDeployment
metadata:
  name: pod-template-example
spec:
  image: flink:1.15
  flinkVersion: v1_15
  flinkConfiguration:
    taskmanager.numberOfTaskSlots: "2"
  serviceAccount: flink
  podTemplate:
    apiVersion: v1
    kind: Pod
    metadata:
      name: pod-template
    spec:
      serviceAccount: flink
      containers:
        # Do not change the main container name
        - name: flink-main-container
          env:
          volumeMounts:
            - mountPath: /flink-logs
              name: flink-logs
      initContainers:
        - name: init-nginx
          image: busybox
          command: [ 'sh','-c','wget http://192.168.33.2/phoenix-client-1.0-SNAPSHOT-jar-with-dependencies.jar -O /flink-logs/StateMachineExample1.jar' ]
          volumeMounts:
            - mountPath: /flink-logs
              name: flink-logs
      volumes:
        - name: flink-logs
          emptyDir: { }
  jobManager:
    resource:
      memory: "1024m"
      cpu: 1
  taskManager:
    resource:
      memory: "1024m"
      cpu: 1
  job:
    jarURI: local:///flink-logs/StateMachineExample1.jar
    parallelism: 1
    entryClass: org.examplexxx.test
    args: [/path/from/data,/path/to/data]
    initialSavepointPath: hdfs://flink/ckpath/xxxxx
    
kubectl apply -f ${name}.yaml

kubectl port-forward svc/basic-example-rest 8081 --address 192.168.33.81

访问 http://192.168.33.81:8081

jarURI: local:///flink-logs/StateMachineExample1.jar
此处jarURL只得是docker内部路径，且不支持远程路径（http/s3/hdfs），因此需要将jar包放到docker内部。

1、可以将flink版本和jar包打到一个镜像中。
2、可以使用pvc挂载进去。
3、使用initContainers和 containers使用相同的挂载路径，然后使用远程文件下载放到挂载路径中，containers就能获取到该jar包

此处使用第三种情况，使用initContainers变相支持远程文件地址，使用起来比较方便。

yarn-application 对比

yarn-application	k8s-application
-p (并行度)	spec.job.parallelism
-yjm (jobmanager内存)	spec.jobManager.resource.memory
-ytm (taskmanager内存)	spec.taskManager.resource.memory
-ys (taskmanger的slot槽数)	spec.flinkConfiguration.taskmanager.numberOfTaskSlots
-c (主类)	spec.job.entryClass
jar (jar包)	spec.job.jarURI
-s (恢复点启动)	spec.job.initialSavepointPath

session模式

部署session cluster

apiVersion: flink.apache.org/v1beta1
kind: FlinkDeployment
metadata:
  namespace: flink
  name: session-deployment-only
spec:
  image: flink:1.13.6
  flinkVersion: v1_13
  imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent # 镜像拉去策略，优先本地，没有，仓库拉去
  ingress:
    template: "flink.k8s.io/{{namespace)}/{{name}}(/|$)(.*)"
    className: "Nginx"
    annotations:
      taskmanager.numberOfTaskSlots: "2"
    serviceAccount: flink
    jobManager:
      replicas: 1
      resource:
        memory: "1024m"
        cpu: 1
    taskManager:
      replicas: 1
      resource:
        memory: "1024m"
        cpu: 1

kubectl apply -f ${name}.yaml

在这里插入图片描述
部署cluster完成，配置svcType 后即可访问，flink web ui，此时jobManager是启动着的 taskmanager随着flink jar进行启动和停止

部署flink jar

apiVersion: flink.apache.org/v1beta1
kind: FlinkSessionJob
metadata:
  namespace: flink
  name: session-job-only
  job:
    jarUrl: sasa
    entryClass: aa
    parallelism: 1
    upgradeMode: stateless


kubectl apply -f ${name}.yaml