Open SUSE12.2 MySQL5.6数据库安装配置

系统环境：Open SUSE12.2 x86_64

一、下载"SuSE Linux Enterprise Server 11 (x86, 64-bit), RPM Bundle" 或者"SuSE Linux Enterprise Server 11 (x86, 64-bit), RPM Package Client Utilities"、"SuSE Linux Enterprise Server 11 (x86, 64-bit), RPM Package
MySQL Server",地址：https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/

二、因为在新安装完的SUSE 12.2系统中，原本已有MySQL5.5.25a版本的MySQL，建议清除（本次安装是已清除原有Mysql5.5.25版本后的安装过程），不过也可以在安装过程中覆盖它。按照MySQL官网文档叙述，如果需要在本地登录，则需安同时装MySQL-server和MySQL-client：
rpm -ivh MySQL-server-5.6.13-1.sles11.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh MySQL-client-5.6.13-1.sles11.x86_64.rpm

三、安装完成后，你可以在目录/usr下找到my.cnf,不过这个my.cnf没什么内容，下面配置一下my.cnf,该配置仅作参考使用。

# The following options will be passed to all MySQL clients
[client]
#password	= your_password
port		= 3306
socket		= /opt/mysql/mysql.sock


# Here follows entries for some specific programs

# The MySQL server
[mysqld]
port		= 3306
socket		= /opt/mysql/mysql.sock
# Change following line if you want to store your database elsewhere
basedir=/usr
datadir	= /opt/mysql
skip-external-locking
key_buffer_size = 16M
max_allowed_packet = 1M
table_open_cache = 64
sort_buffer_size = 512K
net_buffer_length = 8K
read_buffer_size = 256K
read_rnd_buffer_size = 512K
myisam_sort_buffer_size = 8M
lower_case_table_names=1
# Don't listen on a TCP/IP port at all. This can be a security enhancement,
# if all processes that need to connect to mysqld run on the same host.
# All interaction with mysqld must be made via Unix sockets or named pipes.
# Note that using this option without enabling named pipes on Windows
# (via the "enable-named-pipe" option) will render mysqld useless!
# 
#skip-networking

# Replication Master Server (default)
# binary logging is required for replication
log-bin=mysql-bin

# binary logging format - mixed recommended
binlog_format=mixed

# required unique id between 1 and 2^32 - 1
# defaults to 1 if master-host is not set
# but will not function as a master if omitted
server-id	= 1

# Replication Slave (comment out master section to use this)
#
# To configure this host as a replication slave, you can choose between
# two methods :
#
# 1) Use the CHANGE MASTER TO command (fully described in our manual) -
#    the syntax is:
#
#    CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST=<host>, MASTER_PORT=<port>,
#    MASTER_USER=<user>, MASTER_PASSWORD=<password> ;
#
#    where you replace <host>, <user>, <password> by quoted strings and
#    <port> by the master's port number (3306 by default).
#
#    Example:
#
#    CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST='125.564.12.1', MASTER_PORT=3306,
#    MASTER_USER='joe', MASTER_PASSWORD='secret';
#
# OR
#
# 2) Set the variables below. However, in case you choose this method, then
#    start replication for the first time (even unsuccessfully, for example
#    if you mistyped the password in master-password and the slave fails to
#    connect), the slave will create a master.info file, and any later
#    change in this file to the variables' values below will be ignored and
#    overridden by the content of the master.info file, unless you shutdown
#    the slave server, delete master.info and restart the slaver server.
#    For that reason, you may want to leave the lines below untouched
#    (commented) and instead use CHANGE MASTER TO (see above)
#
# required unique id between 2 and 2^32 - 1
# (and different from the master)
# defaults to 2 if master-host is set
# but will not function as a slave if omitted
#server-id       = 2
#
# The replication master for this slave - required
#master-host     =   <hostname>
#
# The username the slave will use for authentication when connecting
# to the master - required
#master-user     =   <username>
#
# The password the slave will authenticate with when connecting to
# the master - required
#master-password =   <password>
#
# The port the master is listening on.
# optional - defaults to 3306
#master-port     =  <port>
#
# binary logging - not required for slaves, but recommended
#log-bin=mysql-bin

# Uncomment the following if you are using InnoDB tables
innodb_data_home_dir = /opt/mysql
innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:10M:autoextend
innodb_log_group_home_dir = /opt/mysql
# You can set .._buffer_pool_size up to 50 - 80 %
# of RAM but beware of setting memory usage too high
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 16M
#innodb_additional_mem_pool_size = 2M
# Set .._log_file_size to 25 % of buffer pool size
innodb_log_file_size = 5M
innodb_log_buffer_size = 8M
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 1
#innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 50

# The safe_mysqld script
[safe_mysqld]
log-error	= /var/log/mysql/mysqld.log
socket		= /opt/mysql/mysql.sock

[mysqldump]
socket		= /opt/mysql/mysql.sock
quick
max_allowed_packet = 16M

[mysql]
no-auto-rehash
# Remove the next comment character if you are not familiar with SQL
#safe-updates

[myisamchk]
key_buffer_size = 20M
sort_buffer_size = 20M
read_buffer = 2M
write_buffer = 2M

[mysqlhotcopy]
interactive-timeout

[mysqld_multi]
mysqld     = /usr/bin/mysqld_safe
mysqladmin = /usr/bin/mysqladmin
log        = /var/log/mysqld_multi.log

四、从给出的配置文件可以看到几个信息与默认的不一样
1、basedir路径的配置
2、datadir路径的配置
3、[client] socket路径的配置
4、[mysqld] socket路径的配置
5、[safe_mysqld] socket路径的配置
6、[mysqldump] socket路径的配置

由于datadir路径配置为“/opt/mysql”，则需要把默认路径"/var/lib"下整个"mysql"文件夹复制到"/opt"下。以下是需要特别注意的地方：先查看一下"/var/lib"下"mysql"的权限和所有者；发现该文件夹的所有者为mysql。再查看"/opt"下刚才复制的"mysql"文件夹所 有者，发现该所有者是root,此时如果启动mysql服务，会报错误：StartingMySQL.The server quit without updating PID file。修改"/opt"目录下的"mysql"文件夹所有者：

/opt>chown -R mysql:mysql mysql

注意：[client] socket路径的配置、[mysqld] socket路径的配置、[safe_mysqld] socket路径的配置、[mysqldump] socket路径的配置，都是配置在"/opt/mysql"下。否则会报没有找到mysql.sock错误。
启动mysql服务：service mysql start
查看mysql服务状态：service mysql status
发现一切正常，利用安装时随机生成的root密码（在`/.mysql_secret中）登陆，修改root密码或添加新用户。

安装配置MySQL 5.6过程顺利完毕。以上过程仅作参考，过程中许多细节需要自己了解相关文档。