HashSet/HashMap在并发下的奇怪行为-优快云博客

本文分析了一台服务器上的CPU占用率异常高的问题，并通过线程堆栈跟踪定位到两个线程在处理短信消息队列时，因HashMap的不当使用导致的性能瓶颈。最终提出了解决方案。

摘要生成于 C知道，由 DeepSeek-R1 满血版支持，前往体验 >

最近服务器一直不太正常，经常cpu占到200%,load到2，随时都有可能报警

通过 top -H -p xx看到
PID USER PR NI VIRT RES SHR S %CPU %MEM TIME+ COMMAND
27987 admin 25 0 1559m 542m 13m R 100.2 27.0 15995:57 java
27988 admin 25 0 1559m 542m 13m R 100.2 27.0 16027:01 java

看来cpu完全消耗到了2个线程上，通过jstack threaddump,发现

"pool-4-thread-1" prio=10 tid=0x0000000059fa8000 nid=0x6d53 runnable [0x0000000043ce0000..0x0000000043ce0a90]
java.lang.Thread.State: RUNNABLE
at java.util.HashMap.put(HashMap.java:374)
at java.util.HashSet.add(HashSet.java:200)
at com.xx.smsgw.domain.MessagePool.put(MessagePool.java:29)
at com.xx.smsgw.domain.SmsMTQueue.putSmsMT(SmsMTQueue.java:43)
at com.xx.smsgw.smc.mt.MTChannelImpl.put(MTChannelImpl.java:45)
at com.xx.smsgw.smc.route.MTRouteTask.run(MTRouteTask.java:49)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.runTask(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:886)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:908)
at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:619)

"pool-4-thread-2" prio=10 tid=0x000000005a621000 nid=0x6d54 runnable [0x00000000455f9000..0x00000000455f9a10]
java.lang.Thread.State: RUNNABLE
at java.util.HashMap.transfer(HashMap.java:484)
at java.util.HashMap.resize(HashMap.java:463)
at java.util.HashMap.addEntry(HashMap.java:755)
at java.util.HashMap.put(HashMap.java:385)
at java.util.HashSet.add(HashSet.java:200)
at com.xx.smsgw.domain.MessagePool.put(MessagePool.java:29)
at com.xx.smsgw.domain.SmsMTQueue.putSmsMT(SmsMTQueue.java:43)
at com.xx.smsgw.smc.mt.MTChannelImpl.put(MTChannelImpl.java:45)
at com.xx.smsgw.smc.route.MTRouteTask.run(MTRouteTask.java:49)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.runTask(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:886)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:908)
at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:619)