RMQ模版
#include<cstdio>
#include<cstring>
#include<cmath>
#include<algorithm>
using namespace std;
int n,a[50010],q;
int dp1[50010][17],dp2[50010][17];
void RMQ_MIN(){
int i,j;
for(i=1;i<=n;i++)
dp1[i][0]=a[i];
for(j=1;j<=(int)(log((double)n)/log(2.0));j++)
for(i=1;i+(1<<j)-1<=n;i++)
dp1[i][j]=min(dp1[i][j-1],dp1[i+(1<<(j-1))][j-1]);
}
int query_min(int u,int v){
int k=(int)((log((double)(v-u+1))/log(2.0)));
return min(dp1[u][k],dp1[v-(1<<k)+1][k]);
}
void RMQ_MAX(){
int i,j;
for(i=1;i<=n;i++)
dp2[i][0]=a[i];
for(j=1;j<=(int)(log((double)n)/log(2.0));j++)
for(i=1;i+(1<<j)-1<=n;i++)
dp2[i][j]=max(dp2[i][j-1],dp2[i+(1<<(j-1))][j-1]);
}
int query_max(int u,int v){
int k=(int)(log((double)(v-u+1))/log(2.0));
return max(dp2[u][k],dp2[v-(1<<k)+1][k]);
}
int main(){
int i,j,u,v;
scanf("%d %d",&n,&q);
for(i=1;i<=n;i++)
scanf("%d",&a[i]);
RMQ_MIN();
RMQ_MAX();
for(i=1;i<=q;i++){
scanf("%d %d",&u,&v);
printf("%d\n",query_max(u,v)-query_min(u,v));
}
}