OSX用户登陆后自动运行相应shell脚本

最新推荐文章于 2022-02-20 12:23:01 发布

原创最新推荐文章于 2022-02-20 12:23:01 发布 · 221 阅读

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本文介绍如何在OSX系统中通过LoginItems和launchd两种方式实现Emacs守护进程的静默启动。利用这两种方法可以避免在启动过程中出现终端提示，并确保Emacs在登录时即处于运行状态。

原标题：

Launch shell script silently at login

In OSX I needed a shell script to execute at login. There are a few different ways to perform this so I thought it might be helpfulto document what your options are. I've switched over to Emacs which typically has a longer startup time than editors such as Vim. This is the shell script we will execute:

#!/bin/zshemacs --daemon

Oftentimes Emacs will stay open during an entire user session of the OS, so the sooner I can launch it the better. OSX offers a few different startup options for us. First, we have Login Items available within Account Settings of the System Preference pane. We need to rename the shell script above to end in a .command file extension to allow the Login Items to execute it. This will run at login, however we will be left with a Terminal prompt visible when the script has completed. Preferably we would execute this in the background at user login. OSX manages system and user daemons via a tool called launchd. The interface to launchd is a tool called launchctl which allows for loading and unloading daemons into launchd. XML formatted plist files are used to describe operations loaded into launchctl.

<plist version="1.0">
 <dict>
   <key>Label</key>
   <string>emacs-daemon</string>
   <key>RunAtLoad</key>
   <true />
   <key>Program</key>
   <string>/Users/nickp/bin/scripts/launch-emacs-daemon.sh</string>    </dict>
</plist>

The above file, emacs-daemon.plist needs to be saved in the ~/Library/LaunchAgents directory. As you can see the xml dictates that the launch-emacs-daemon.sh file should be executed at load, note we no longer need a .command file extension. We will now use launchctl to load our plist file.

launchctl load ~/Library/LaunchAgents/emacs-daemon.plist

To verify that your script executed correctly lets ask launchctl to show us what is running.

launchctl list | grep emacs

You will likely see two entries, each with three columns. Mine looks like this:

148-0x100100e80.anonymous.emacs-0emacs-daemon

The first column is the process id, the first row shows the PID of the emacs daemon our shell script spawned. The second line is the emacs-daemon.plist job entry that executed, returning a status code of zero in the second column - success! With this setup, I can launch the emacsclient process which will attach to the daemon server and launch instantly.