HINSTANCE 、HANDLE 、CWnd、 HWND的区别?

Windows API句柄详解
本文详细解释了Windows API中各种句柄的概念,包括HINSTANCE、HANDLE、HWND等,并介绍了CWnd类及其与窗口句柄的关系。

可以看一看msdn
HINSTANCE 是进程句柄;
HANDLE 是对象句柄;
CWnd 是MFC的一个类,所有窗口类从其派生;
HWND 是窗口的句柄。
② 微软喜欢将内核对象标识,称为句柄。如进程:HINSTANCE ,文件句柄:HANDLE,
窗口句柄HWND,画笔句柄HPEN等等。CWnd是提供窗口处理的一个类,里面有HWND m_hWnd成员,CWnd对象一般和一个窗口句柄绑定,但提供了很多窗口操作,如SetWindowText,GetWindowText,...

#include <windows.h> class CWnd { public: BOOL CreateEx(DWORD dwExStyle, // extended window style LPCTSTR lpClassName, // registered class name LPCTSTR lpWindowName, // window name DWORD dwStyle, // window style int x, // horizontal position of window int y, // vertical position of window int nWidth, // window width int nHeight, // window height HWND hWndParent, // handle to parent or owner window HMENU hMenu, // menu handle or child identifier HINSTANCE hInstance, // handle to application instance LPVOID lpParam); // window-creation data BOOL ShowWindow(int nCmdShow); BOOL UpdateWindow(); public: HWND m_hWnd; }; BOOL CWnd::CreateEx(DWORD dwExStyle, // extended window style LPCTSTR lpClassName, // registered class name LPCTSTR lpWindowName, // window name DWORD dwStyle, // window style int x, // horizontal position of window int y, // vertical position of window int nWidth, // window width int nHeight, // window height HWND hWndParent, // handle to parent or owner window HMENU hMenu, // menu handle or child identifier HINSTANCE hInstance, // handle to application instance LPVOID lpParam) // window-creation data { m_hWnd=::CreateWindowEx(dwExStyle,lpClassName,lpWindowName,dwStyle, x,y,nWidth,nHeight,hWndParent,hMenu,hInstance,lpParam); if(m_hWnd!=NULL) return TRUE; else return FALSE; } BOOL CWnd::ShowWindow(int nCmdShow) { return ::ShowWindow(m_hWnd,nCmdShow); } BOOL CWnd::UpdateWindow() { return ::UpdateWindow(m_hWnd); } LRESULT CALLBACK MyWndProc( HWND hwnd, // handle to window UINT uMsg, // message identifier WPARAM wParam, // first message parameter LPARAM lParam // second message parameter ); int WINAPI WinMain( HINSTANCE hInstance, // handle to current instance HINSTANCE hPrevInstance, // handle to previous instance LPSTR lpCmdLine, // command line int nCmdShow // show state ) { WNDCLASS MyWnd; MyWnd.cbClsExtra = NULL; MyWnd.cbWndExtra = NULL; MyWnd.hbrBackground = (HBRUSH)GetStockObject(WHITE_BRUSH); MyWnd.hCursor = LoadCursor(NULL, IDC_ARROW); MyWnd.hIcon = LoadIcon(NULL, IDI_APPLICATION); MyWnd.hInstance = hInstance; MyWnd.lpfnWndProc = MyWndProc; MyWnd.lpszClassName = "Hello"; MyWnd.lpszMenuName = NULL; MyWnd.style = CS_HREDRAW | CS_VREDRAW; RegisterClass(&MyWnd); CWnd wnd; wnd.CreateEx(0,"Hello","CWnd", WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW, CW_USEDEFAULT,CW_USEDEFAULT,CW_USEDEFAULT,CW_USEDEFAULT, NULL,NULL,hInstance,NULL); wnd.ShowWindow(SW_SHOWNORMAL); wnd.UpdateWindow(); MSG msg; while (GetMessage(&msg,NULL,0,0)) //?????????? { TranslateMessage(&msg); //???? //4.???? DispatchMessage(&msg); //??????????? } return 0; } LRESULT CALLBACK MyWndProc( HWND hwnd, // handle to window UINT uMsg, // message identifier WPARAM wParam, // first message parameter LPARAM lParam // second message parameter ) { switch (uMsg) { case WM_PAINT: { PAINTSTRUCT ps; HDC hdc = BeginPaint(hwnd, &ps); // 在窗口中心绘制"Hello, World!" RECT rect; GetClientRect(hwnd, &rect); const char* text = "Hello, World!"; DrawText( hdc,text, -1, &rect, DT_SINGLELINE | DT_CENTER | DT_VCENTER ); EndPaint(hwnd, &ps); break; } case WM_MOUSEMOVE: if (wParam & MK_LBUTTON) // 左键拖拽时绘制 { // 记录轨迹点... InvalidateRect(hwnd, NULL, FALSE); } break; case WM_DESTROY: PostQuitMessage(0); break; default: return DefWindowProc(hwnd,uMsg,wParam,lParam); } return 0; } 拓展各种功能,尽可能多
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04-01
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