创建Web项目，导入相关JAR包；
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-
fileupload</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-
fileupload</artifactId>
<version>1.4</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/commons-io/commons-io -->
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-io</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-io</artifactId>
<version>2.11.0</version>
</dependency>
创建并配置web.xml文件；
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/
javaee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/
javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/
javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
version="4.0">
<servlet>
<servlet-name>
Springmvc</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.
springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:
SpringMVC.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>
Springmvc</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>
添加用于上传的jsp页面；
<%@ page language="
java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@ taglib uri="http://
java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" prefix="c"%>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>文件上传</title>
</head>
<body>
<table border="1">
<tr>
<td width="500" align="center">文件上传</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/
file/
upload"
method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">
<input type="
file" name="
uploadfiles"
multiple="
multiple"/><br>
<input type="submit" value="上传"><br>
</form>
</td>
</tr>
<c:forEach items="${msgs}" var="msg">
<tr><td align="center" colspan="2" style="color: red">${msg}</td></tr>
</c:forEach>
</table>
</body>
</html>
创建控制类用于上传文件；
package com.
springmvc.controller;
import
java.io.
File;
import
java.io.IOException;
import
java.util.ArrayList;
import
javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import org.
springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.
springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.
springframework.web.multipart.Multipart
File;
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/
file")
public class
FileUploadController {
@RequestMapping("/
upload")
public String
fileUpload(ArrayList<Multipart
File>
uploadfiles, HttpServletRequest request) {
//定义列表msgs保存提示信息
ArrayList<String> msgs = new ArrayList<>();
if (
uploadfiles.get(0).getSize() > 0) { //判断是否上传文件
for (Multipart
File file :
uploadfiles) { //循环获取文件
//判断文件不为空且大小大于0
if (!
file.isEmpty() &
file.getSize() > 0) {
//获取文件原始名称
String original
Filename =
file.getOriginal
Filename();
//获取服务器中的文件夹路径
String path = request.getServletContext().getRealPath("/
upload/");
//设置文件保存到服务器的目标路径
String
filePath = path + original
Filename;
try {
//保存文件内容到目标路径
file.transferTo(new
File(
filePath));
} catch (IOException e) {
msgs.add(
filePath + "保存失败");
}
msgs.add(
filePath +"保存成功");
}
}
}
else
msgs.add("上传文件失败");
request.setAttribute("msgs", msgs);
return "
fileUpload";
}
}
添加配置文件；
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.
springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.
springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:
mvc="http://www.
springframework.org/schema/
mvc"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.
springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.
springframework.org/schema/beans/
spring-beans.xsd http://www.
springframework.org/schema/context https://www.
springframework.org/schema/context/
spring-context.xsd http://www.
springframework.org/schema/
mvc https://www.
springframework.org/schema/
mvc/
spring-
mvc.xsd">
<context:component-scan base-package="com.
springmvc.controller"/>
<
mvc:annotation-driven />
<bean id="viewResolver" class="org.
springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/pages/"/>
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
</bean>
<!--配置视图控制器，指定文件上传页面的映射路径-->
<
mvc:view-controller path="/
file/
fileupload" view-name="
fileUpload"/>
<
mvc:view-controller path="/
file/
filedownload" view-name="
fileDownload"/>
<!--配置注解驱动-->
<
mvc:annotation-driven/>
<!--配置文件上传解析器-->
<bean id="multipartResolver"
class="org.
springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver">
<!--指定请求的编码方式-->
<property name="defaultEncoding" value="UTF-8"></property>
<!--指定允许上传文件的大小，此处设置最大值为1 M，单位为字节-->
<property name="max
UploadSize" value="1024000"></property>
</bean>
</beans>
添加上传成功的消息页面。
文件下载：
创建控制器类：
package com.
springmvc.controller;
import
java.io.
File;
import
java.io.IOException;
import
java.net.URLEncoder;
import
javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import org.apache.commons.io.
FileUtils;
import org.
springframework.http.HttpHeaders;
import org.
springframework.http.HttpStatus;
import org.
springframework.http.MediaType;
import org.
springframework.http.ResponseEntity;
import org.
springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.
springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/
file")
public class
FileDownloadController {
@RequestMapping("/download")
public ResponseEntity<byte[]>
FileDownload(HttpServletRequest request, String
fileName)
throws IOException {
//获取下载文件的路径
String
filepath = request.getServletContext().getRealPath("/
upload/") +
fileName;
//创建该文件的对象
File file = new
File(
filepath);
//将文件读取到字节数组中
byte[] bytes =
FileUtils.read
FileToByteArray(
file);
//创建HttpHeaders对象设置响应头信息
HttpHeaders headers = new HttpHeaders();
//设置浏览器以“UTF-8”编码方式显示文件名
fileName = URLEncoder.encode(
fileName, "UTF-8");
//设置以下载的方式打开文件，并指定文件名称
headers.setContentDispositionFormData("attachment",
fileName);
//设置文件的下载方式为二进制流
headers.setContentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_OCTET_STREAM);
return new ResponseEntity<>(bytes, headers, HttpStatus.OK);
}
}
添加用于上传的jsp页面；
<%@ page language="
java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>文件下载</title>
</head>
<body>
<table border="1">
<tr>
<td width="350" align="center">下载列表</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/
file/download?
fileName=微信图片_20250612231528.jpg">
这是一张图片</a><br>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</body>
</html>
实验成果：
修改一下
本文介绍如何在 Spring MVC 中实现多文件上传功能，通过示例代码详细解释了配置与实现过程。
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